Abstract: An ammonium salt of an alkanoic acid having about 1-10 carbon atoms per molecule is prepared by reacting ammonia with an excess of the alkanoic acid in an aqueous system in a tubular reactor.An ammonium salt of an alkanoic acid having about 12-18 carbon atoms per molecule is prepared by reacting ammonia with the alkanoic acid in a tubular reactor. The reaction can be conducted in the presence or absence of water.

Abstract: An aqueous solution comprising ammonium isobutyrate and isobutyric acid is useful for preventing the development of rot and mildew on seeds, silage, and other feedstuff. Said solution has a crystallization temperature between about -20.degree. F. and -40.degree. F.

Abstract: A 5-Secondary alkylidene hydantoin having the formula ##STR1## in which: (a) R is an alkyl group having 1-2 carbon atoms; and (b) X is hydrogen or a phenyl group can be prepared by condensing a hydantoin having the formula ##STR2## and a ketone having the formula ##STR3## in the presence of ammonia or an amine catalyst, the amine being a primary amine having a pK.sub.b between about 3 and about 5.

Abstract: An iron, copper, cobalt, manganese, chromium, nickel, zinc, cadmium, molybdenum, or lead chelate of a novel chelating agent having the formula ##STR1## in which (A) EACH OF X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, and X.sub.4 is a member selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen; (ii) an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; (iii) --CN; (iv) --SO.sub.3 M.sub.1 ; (v) --COOM.sub.1 ; (vi) --OM.sub.3 ; (vii) --NO.sub.2 ; (viii) --OH; and ##STR2## IN WHICH EACH OF R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms;(b) each of M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, and M.sub.4 is a member selected from the group consisting of (i) a hydrogen ion; (ii) an alkali metal ion; (iii) 1/2 an alkaline earth metal ion; and (vi) an ammonium ion having the formula ##STR3## in which each of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, and R.sub.

Abstract: This invention comprises an improvement in a method for preparing ammonium nitrate prills wherein molten ammonium nitrate is prilled in a prill tower in the presence of cooling gas containing a predetermined amount of ammonia to retard thermal dissociation of the ammonium nitrate, thereby to decrease formation of extremely small aerosol particles of ammonium nitrate; the improvement comprises: (a) withdrawing cooling gas from an upper portion of the prill tower; (b) cooling and dehumidifying the withdrawn gas; and (c) recycling the cooled and dehumidified gas to a lower portion of the prill tower.

Abstract: A novel chelating agent having the formula ##STR1## in whichA. EACH OF X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, and X.sub.4 is a member selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen; (ii) an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; (iii) --CN; (iv) --So.sub.3 M.sub.1 ; (v) --COOM.sub.1 ; (vi) --OM.sub.3 ; (vii) --NO.sub.2 ; (viii) --OH; and (ix) ##STR2## in which each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms;B. each of M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, and M.sub.4 is a member selected from the group consisting of (i) a hydrogen ion; (ii) an alkali metal ion; (iii) one-half an alkaline earth metal ion; and (vi) an ammonium ion having the formula ##STR3## in which each of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6 is a member selected from the group consisting of (A) hydrogen; (B) an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; and (C) a hydroxyalkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; andC. Z is a member selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen; and (ii) hydroxyl.

Abstract: N,N'-Dicarboxymethyl-1,3-propanediamine (designated PDDA) is prepared by reacting 1,3-propanediamine with formaldehyde and HCN to form hexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetonitrile, which is hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to form dialkali metal hexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetate which, in turn, is reacted with mineral acid to form the desired PDDA and formaldehyde.N,n'-dicarboxymethyl-2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediamine (designated HYDROXY-PDDA) is prepared by reacting 1,3-diamino-2-propanol with formaldehyde and HCN to form 5-hydroxyhexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetonitrile, which is hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to form dialkali metal 5-hydroxyhexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetate which, in turn, is reacted with acid to form the desired HYDROXY-PDDA and formaldehyde.

Abstract: N,N'-Dicarboxymethyl-1,3-propanediamine (designated PDDA) is prepared by reacting 1,3-propanediamine with formaldehyde and HCN to form hexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetonitrile, which is hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to form dialkali metal hexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetate which, in turn, is reacted with mineral acid to form the desired PDDA and formaldehyde.N,n'-dicarboxymethyl-2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediamine (designated HYDROXY-PDDA) is prepared by reacting 1,3-diamino-2-propanol with formaldehyde and HCN to form 5-hydroxyhexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetonitrile, which is hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to form dialkali metal 5-hydroxyhexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetate which, in turn, is reacted with acid to form the desired HYDROXY-PDDA and formaldehyde.

Abstract: N,N'-Dicarboxymethyl-1,3-propanediamine (designated PDDA) is prepared by reacting 1,3-propanediamine with formaldehyde and HCN to form hexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetonitrile, which is hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to form dialkali metal hexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetate which, in turn, is reacted with mineral acid to form the desired PDDA and formaldehyde.N,n'-dicarboxymethyl-2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediamine (designated HYDROXY-PDDA) is prepared by reacting 1,3-diamino-2-propanol with formaldehyde and HCN to form 5-hydroxyhexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetonitrile, which is hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to form dialkali metal 5-hydroxyhexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetate which, in turn, is reacted with acid to form the desired HYDROXY-PDDA and formaldehyde.

Abstract: The novel urethane polythiols of this invention are prepared by reacting: (a) a mono-, di-, or trihydric polythiol with a polymeric isocyanate; or (b) a di- or trihydric polythiol with a diisocyanate.

Abstract: A process for breaking an oil-in-water or a water-in-oil emulsion comprising treating the emulsion with a demulsifier prepared by; (a) forming a water soluble polyurea by reacting a polyisocyanate and a polyamine in a non-protonic liquid carbonyl solvent; and (b) forming the demulsifier by reacting the water soluble polymer with an alkylating agent.

Abstract: Ultra fine polypropylene fibers having a length of 1-100 microns and a diameter of 0.05-2 microns are admixed with a polyester resin composition comprising a polyester resin of a polyhydric alcohol and an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid admixed with a solvent such as styrene in an amount effective to cause the resulting thickened composition to have a thixotropic index of 1.5-8. The resulting thickened composition is useful for building or repairing fiber glass-polyester boats. The incorporation of such ultrafine polypropylene fibers in an epoxy resin composition also thickens the epoxy resin composition and causes it to have a thixotropic index of about 1.5-8.

Abstract: The invention disclosed is directed to new curable liquid polyene-polythiol compounds containing particular polar groups, at least one unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond disposed at a terminal position on a main or pendant chain of the molecule and at least one terminally disposed thiol group, with the sum of the unsaturated bonds and thiol groups per polyene-polythiol molecule being at least 3. Upon curling in the presence of a free radical generator such as actinic radiation, the polar polyene-polythiol compounds form solid elastomeric and rigid products which are useful in a variety of applications including coatings, adhesives, sealants and molded articles.

Abstract: Iminodiacetonitrile is prepared by a batch process comprising reacting hexamethylenetetramine and HCN in an aqueous medium in the presence of a strong acid at a pH of 5.5-6.5 while maintaining an excess of HCN in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: N,N'-Dicarboxymethyl-1,3-propanediamine (designated PDDA) is prepared by reacting 1,3-propanediamine with formaldehyde and HCN to form hexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetonitrile, which is hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to form dialkali metal hexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetate which, in turn, is reacted with mineral acid to form the desired PDDA and formaldehyde.N,n'-dicarboxymethyl-2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediamine (designated HYDROXY-PDDA) is prepared by reacting 1,3-diamino-2-propanol with formaldehyde and HCN to form 5-hydroxyhexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetonitrile, which is hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to form dialkali metal 5-hydroxyhexahydropyrimidine-1,3-diacetate which, in turn, is reacted with acid to form the desired HYDROXY-PDDA and formaldehyde.

Abstract: Iminodiacetonitrile is prepared by a process comprising: (a) forming an aqueous reaction mixture by admixing water, hexamethylenetetramine, formaldehyde, and HCN; and (b) forming iminodiacetonitrile by passing the aqueous reaction mixture through a continuous reaction zone while maintaining the temperature within the continuous reaction zone at 50.degree.-250.degree. C. The resulting iminodiacetonitrile can be recovered or it can be hydrolyzed to form an alkali metal salt of iminodiacetic acid which can be recovered or converted to iminodiacetic acid which can be recovered.In other embodiments: (a) the hexamethylenetetramine solution and the formaldehyde solution can be combined before being admixed with the HCN; or (b) the formaldehyde solution and the HCN can be admixed with a stabilizing acid to form an acid stabilized aqueous solution of formaldehyde and HCN before being admixed with the hexamethylenetetramine solution in the reaction zone in which iminodiacetonitrile is formed.

Abstract: A process for preparing a wettable battery separator comprising contacting a self supporting nonwoven mat of polyolefin fibers with a mixture of water, a surfactant, and colloidal silica, drying the mat, and compressing it.

Abstract: Glycine can be recovered from an aqueous solution of glycine and sodium chloride having a mole ratio of glycine to sodium chloride of about 0.7-5:1 by: (a) adjusting the pH of the starting solution to 4.5-8.5 and evaporating water therefrom and cooling to precipitate glycine and to form a first mother liquor; (b) separating the precipitated glycine from the first mother liquor; and (c) recovering the separated glycine. Sodium chloride can be precipitated from the first mother liquor by evaporating water therefrom to form precipitated sodium chloride and a second mother liquor rich in glycine which can be separated from the precipitated sodium chloride and admixed with a second lot of the aqueous starting solution and processed therewith.

Abstract: A urethane polythiol, which can be a dithiol, is prepared by reacting a hydroxypolythiol, which can be a dithiol, with an isocyanate such as phenyl isocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and the like.

Abstract: A urethane polythiol, which can be a dithiol, is prepared by reacting a hydroxypolythiol, which can be dithiol, with an isocyanate such as a phenyl isocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and the like.