Abstract: A system for the continuous production of thixotropic high internal phase ratio emulsions. The system includes supply means providing individual streams of an inverter phase (an emulsifier and external phase), and an immiscible internal phase. These streams are precisely regulated as to a preselected ratio by flow rate controllers which regulate the flow responsively to pressure changes in the supply means. The internal and inverter phases are received at a selected rate and composition within a mixing means which produces the loss distribution stepwise of the internal phase progressively in amounts into the inverter phase, thereby forming a composition with the desired ratio of the internal phase, emulsifier, and external phase of the desired emulsion. A pumping means moves this composition at the selected rate to an outlet means for passing the resultant emulsion to a subsequent utilization.

Abstract: A flush mounted probe assembly for monitoring the corrosion environment within a thin boundary liquid film disposed along the interior sidewall surface of a pipeline carrying fluids. The assembly comprises a probe received within a nipple secured to the pipeline. An end portion of the probe projects snugly into the opening and terminates in an end face residing substantially in alignment with the interior sidewall surface. The probe is releasably secured within the nipple and sealed thereto against fluid leakage. The probe's end face has an imperforate smooth surface which is contoured and dimensioned within the opening in the pipeline to substantially conform to the interior sidewall surface without a surface discontinuity in the pipeline to disrupt the thin boundary liquid film. The probe carries electrodes having smooth exposed surfaces merging into the end face. Electrical conductors connect with the electrodes in the probe and extend in electrical isolation to an external circuit connection.

Abstract: A flush mounted probe for corrosion testing by assembling into a nipple secured to a pipeline. The nipple is of conventional design such as employed in hot tapping installations. The probe is arranged upon assembly within the nipple to place a plurality of planar-surfaced metallic electrodes in substantially parallel alignment with the inner surface of the sidewall of the pipeline. The probe is arranged by its construction for installation and removal in the same manner as blind plugs and other assessories using the hot tapping equipment. No special tools or parts are required to install and remove the present probe, even under extremely elevated pressure conditions in a pipeline.

Abstract: A redundant intrinsic safety barrier with input and output terminals and circuit common connecting a plurality of signal lines. Input and output directors connect respectively to the input and output terminals. The directors are connected to each other and each of the directors provides dual unidirectional current paths from one of the input or output terminals to circuit common. Unidirectional current latching means in each current path provide a high impedance gap for voltage magnitudes below a predetermined value, and the latching means are self-latched into a low impedance bridge for current magnitudes above the predetermined value. Fused means in series with the input and output directors open the circuit therebetween when current in a certain time period exceeds the predetermined value by a certain selected amount.

Abstract: A voltage sweep generator provides a linear sweep voltage signal (triangular wave) between first and second magnitudes in the output circuit of an integrator driven by a control signal. The control signal is produced by a control network responsively to a control signal voltage of fixed magnitude but positive or negative in polarity. The linear sweep voltage signal correlates to reference voltages in a comparator with resultant limits switching signals. These switching signals activate a bistable amplifier to produce the control signal voltage of fixed magnitude and a polarity determinative of ramping up or down voltagewise.The voltage sweep generator is especially useful in a novel dynamic analyzer for evaluation of voltage-current related properties in an external system and, in a particular application, to a unique potentistat employed in performing electrochemical analysis of corrosion phenomena in a test cell.

Abstract: A system for the continuous production of thixotropic high internal phase ratio emulsions. The system includes supply means providing individual streams of an inverter phase (an emulsifier and external phase), and an immiscible internal phase. These streams are precisely regulated as to a preselected ratio by flow rate controllers which regulate the flow responsively to pressure changes in the supply means. The internal and inverter phases are received at a selected rate and composition within a mixing means which produces the loose comingling of the internal and inverter phases, thereby forming a composition with the desired ratio of the internal phase, emulsifier, and external phase of the desired emulsion. A pumping means moves this composition at the selected rate to an outlet means for passing the resultant emulsion to a subsequent utilization.

Abstract: A conductivity measurement probe formed of an electrically nonconducting rigid body which carries a cylindrical flow passage defining a flux channel to polarization current. The body has inlet and outlet means for passing aqueous liquid or other electrolytes through the flow passage. Four elongated metallic electrodes are positioned in alignment within the flow passage and in electric isolation from one another. Preferably, the outer electrodes serve as references for observing induced polarizing potential and an inner pair of the electrodes which serve auxiliary functions for providing current flow in the flow passage; and, the reference electrodes reside within the limits of the flux channel containing the polarization current. The reference and auxiliary electrodes are preferably spaced uniformly along the flow passage. Electrically conductive means extend from the electrodes within the body.