Abstract: A diametrical cross-sectional peripheral shape of each of the teeth of a rotor of a stepping motor is made to be more acute than the conventional peripheral arcurate shape that corresponds to an arc having a radius that extends from the axis of the rotor.

Abstract: A dynode for use as a stage of a plural stage photomultiplier tube in which the dynode is formed of a plurality of axially and planarly aligned conical frustums.

Abstract: A regulator for providing two different steps of bucking and two different steps of boosting correcting voltages to maintain the value of its output voltage within a selectable range with the regulator effecting each step correction for the next half-cycle based on the peak output voltage of the last half-cycle.

Abstract: A method and system for cooling an injection molded plastic article by forming a portion of a mold cavity of fluid permeable porous material that communicates with a cooling liquid passageway and subjecting the cooling liquid to different pressures to vary the flow of fluid through the porous plug.

Abstract: A numerical control system and method for providing actual relative movement along a path commanded by the distance along three perpendicular axes by digital movement in each axis. The actual movement is sub-divided into a plurality of successive final lengths each of which may include a movement on each axis. The extent of each final length is determined by initially determining the extent of a length that is most acceptable as to deviation and velocity on the two axes having the largest and middle commanded distance and then setting the extent of the final length by determining the most acceptable extent as to deviation on the axis having the smallest distance. Each final length is made to have an extent on each axis which bears a numerical relationship with the movement on the same axis for the immediately prior length.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing relative arcuate movement which may be greater than one quadrant for each input command by subdividing the movement into a plurality of sequential linear lengths of varying extent and proper direction. The extent of each length is defined by the number of steps of movement to be produced simultaneously over the same time interval on each of the pair of perpendicular axes. The extent of each length is determined to be that which both maintains the actual movement within a maximum deviation from the commanded path and is within the change of velocity limitation of the system thereby inherently providing acceleration and deceleration as well as not excessively exceeding any feed rate command.The method and system further selects the extent of the length from a group of possible extents by investigating which extent is most acceptable having regard to relative emphasis of path deviation and velocity error. The relative emphasis may be set by input commands.

Abstract: A radio control system having a plurality of individually adjustable manual controls for individually signaling the position to be assumed by each of a plurality of remotely located servo units and in which one manual control is interconnected to alter a plurality of servo signals with the extent of altering being capable of adjustment, reversing, centering and/or overshooting.

Abstract: A circuit for causing command pulses to control the energization of a two winding phase bifilar stepping motor to produce a step or half step by either one or both phases being energized for each command pulse and in which the circuit self-generates command pulses which have a minimum selectable base rate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a continuous cooling liquid passageway through two separable injection mold dies when they are closed with a supply system flowing cooling liquid at a less than atmospheric pressure at least at the junction of the dies through the passageway only when the dies are closed and air when the dies are opened and the passageway is discontinuous.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an image of the X-ray attenuation characteristics of an object by positioning the object between a source of X-rays and a normally stationary X-ray sensing detector unit. The unit has a group of individually responsive detectors that sense a subfield consisting of a plurality of small contiguous detail areas of the object for a position of the X-ray source and the X-ray source is moved step-wise to sequential other positions to cause contiguous subfields to be sequentially sensed, each of which includes the plurality of detail areas.

Abstract: A dynode has a plurality of circular elements that are planar, concentric and electrically interconnected for decreasing the variation in the number of secondary electrons emitted for each impinging primary electron when the primary electrons impinge from different angular directions.

Abstract: A continuous length of interproximal space tooth cleaner consisting of textured yarn that is composed of deformed filaments throughout its complete length with a hardened covering being applied on selected extents thereof without applying an elongating force to the extents.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing a signal that measures the extent of the separation of injection mold dies during the injection of plastic material into the mold cavity and uses this signal to reduce the possibility of flash damage to the mold dies by decreasing the pressure clamping the molds together if the separation exceeds a value that is known to cause flash and/or further utilizes the signal to alter the rate of injection of plastic material.

Abstract: A multi-page, folded and saddle-stitched pamphlet has its back cover formed with a score line and its penultimate page formed with flaps to enable rearward displacement of the back cover page to form an indicia carrying backbone that extends between the score line and the fold line of the pamphlet.

Abstract: One coil of a bifilar winding of a stepping motor is energized until the current therein reaches a set value and then energization is terminated which creates an induced current that supports the magnetic flux produced by the energizing current and in which the duration of the induced current is increased by being directed through both coils of the winding thereby decreasing the motor's power requirements.

Abstract: A system for accepting a number and causing the same number of steps to be produced by a stepping motor with the motor essentially linearly accelerating to a settable maximum velocity and then linearly decelerating in small velocity changes to the end of the movement with the deceleration duration being inversely related to the maximum velocity.

Abstract: The ability of a stepping motor to assume the same static rotational position for each step when a step position results from simultaneous energization of two windings is enhanced by having the same quantity of current flow through both windings by always connecting in series the windings that are energized with the source of unidirectional power.

Abstract: A circuit for accepting a train of command pulses produced as a number of evenly spaced pulses for each consecutive equal time interval and which may have abrupt small changes in rates between adjacent time intervals and providing a motor pulse for each command pulse to a digital pulse to step motor circuit with the motor pulses having less abrupt rate changes and lagging its corresponding command pulse generally by about the extent of a time interval and in which the deviation of the position of the motor's rotor from its energized dictated position also alters the rate of the motor pulses in order to decrease the tendency of the motor to flutter, oscillate and/or lose synchronism especially when the motor is operating at a light or no load within a moderate velocity range.