Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for improving the performance of a sooted diesel oil and controlling soot induced viscosity increase by adding to a major amount of a diesel oil a minor amount of a composition comprising at least one compound having the formula Mo.sub.3 S.sub.k L.sub.n Q.sub.z and mixtures thereof wherein the L are independently selected ligands having organo groups with a sufficient number of carbon atoms to render the compound soluble or dispersible in the oil, n is from 1 to 4, k varies from 4 through 10, Q is selected from the group of neutral electron donating compounds such as water, amines, alcohols, phosphines, and ethers, and z ranges from 0 to 5 and includes nonstoichiometric values.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a catalyst composition comprising a catalyst prepared by a process comprising: (a) impregnating an oxide precursor selected from the group consisting of rare earth oxide precursors, yttria precursors and mixtures thereof, onto an inorganic refractory oxide support; (b) drying said support at a temperature of about 100.degree. to about 120.degree. C. followed by calcining said support at a temperature of about 400.degree. to about 600.degree. C.; and (c) compositing or depositing on said support of step (b), a catalyst precursor salt represented by (ML)(Mo.sub.y W.sub.1-y O.sub.4).sub.a wherein M comprises Cr and/or one or more divalent promoter metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and mixtures thereof, wherein y is any value ranging from 0 to 1, and wherein L is one or more neutral, nitrogen-containing ligands at least one of which is a chelating polydentate ligand; a=1 when chromium is not one of the promoter metals and 0.5.ltoreq.a.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a highly active aromatics hydrogenation catalyst and its use. The catalyst composition is prepared by:(a) decomposing a catalyst precursor selected from the group consisting of metal amine molybdates, metal amine tungstates and mixtures thereof, wherein said metal amine catalyst precursor has the general formulaML(Mo.sub.y W.sub.1-y O.sub.4)awhere M is Cr and/or one or more divalent promoter metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn; L is one or more neutral nitrogen containing ligands at least one of which is a chelating polydentate ligand; 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1; and a=1 for non-chromium containing catalysts and wherein 0.5.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.3 for chromium containing catalysts, at a temperature of about 200.degree. to about 400.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere; and(b) reducing at a temperature of about 300.degree. to about 450.degree. C. said metal amine catalyst precursor to form a catalyst.

Abstract: Applicant has discovered a new zeolite containing composition and a process for preparing the same. The composition is unique in that the zeolite crystals making up one layer of the composition pack in a manner such that the composition is essentially continuous with no large scale voids even when the zeolite layer is <10 .mu.m thick. Thus, the present invention is directed toward a composition comprised of a porous substrate and a layer of zeolite crystals wherein said layer of zeolite crystals is a polycrystalline layer with at least 99% of said zeolite crystals having at least one point between adjacent crystals that is .ltoreq.20 .ANG. and wherein at least 90% of said crystals have widths of from about 0.2 to about 100 microns (preferably about 2 to about 50 microns) and wherein at least 75% of said crystals have a thickness of within 20% of the average crystal thickness. Preferably the composition has at most 1 Volume % voids in the zeolite layer. Use of the composition is also described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a catalyst composition comprising a catalyst prepared by a process comprising: (a) impregnating an oxide precursor selected from the group consisting of rare earth oxide precursors, yttria precursors and mixtures thereof, onto an inorganic refractory oxide support; (b) drying said support at a temperature of about 100.degree. to about 120.degree. C. followed by calcining said support at a temperature of about 400.degree. to about 600.degree. C.; and (c) compositing or depositing on said support of step (b), a catalyst precursor salt represented by (ML)(Mo.sub.y W.sub.1-y O.sub.4).sub.a wherein M comprises Cr and/or one or more divalent promoter metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and mixtures thereof, wherein y is any value ranging from 0 to 1, and wherein L is one or more neutral, nitrogen-containing ligands at least one of which is a chelating polydentate ligand; a=1 when chromium is not one of the promoter metals and 0.5.ltoreq.a.

Abstract: Membranes useful in separating moleculres or catalytic conversions comprise a substrate, a zeolite or zeolite-like layer, a selectivity enhancing coating in contact with the zeolite layer and optionally a permeable intermediate layer in contact with the substrate the zeolite layer being in contact either with the substrate or the optional intermediate layer.

Abstract: Dithiophosphoric acids are advantageously produced by reaction of an alcohol or phenol with phosphorus sesquisulphide in the presence of sulphur, preferably at the reflux temperature of the alcohol used.

Abstract: A saturated polymer having a terminal aldehyde or hydroxy substituent which may be used directly or in a derivative form as a dispersant for both fuel and lubricating oil compositions, wherein the saturated polymer has a M.sub.n of about 300 to 10,000, and is derived from a polyolefin which is derived from a monomer of the formula H.sub.2 C.dbd.CHR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen or a straight or branched chain alkyl radical, and wherein the polyolefin has at least about 30% terminal vinylidene unsaturation. Particularly desirable amine derivatives can be formed by either a single step aminomethylation process or a two step hydroformylation and reductive amination process.

Abstract: A polymer having a terminal hydroxyl, aldehyde or alkylamino substituent which may be used directly or in a derivative form as a dispersant for both fuel and lubricating oil compositions, wherein the polymer has a M.sub.n of about 300 to 10,000, and is derived from a polyolefin which is derived from a polyene (diene, e.g.), monomer of the formula H.sub.2 C.dbd.CHR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen or a straight or branched chain alkyl radical. Preferably, the polyolefin has at least about 30% terminal vinylidene unsaturation. Particularly desirable amine derivatives can be formed by either a single step aminomethylation process or a two step hydroformylation and reductive amination process.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed toward a process for enhancing the permselective properties, selectively sealing defects and pinholes, controllably altering the pore size and stabilizing the permselective properties of articles having apperatures therein comprising the steps of: simultaneously contacting an article having a first and second surface, said first and second surfaces being capable of passing ozone and silicon compounds therethrough and said first and second surfaces being oriented such that said silicon compounds and ozone can react across said first and second surfaces, with ozone on said first surface and a silicon compound on said second surface and wherein said contacting is conducted for a time and at a temperature and pressure sufficient to allow said ozone and said silicon compound to form a silicon oxide.

Abstract: Copolymers and functionalised copolymers comprising ethylene units, in combination with non ethylene copolymer derivatives, give improved engine piston cleanliness when used as lubricating oil additives.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a catalyst composition prepared by a process comprising: (a) impregnating an oxide precursor selected from the group consisting of rare earth oxide precursors, yttria precursors and mixtures thereof, onto an inorganic refractory oxide support; (b) drying said support at a temperature of about 100.degree. to about 120.degree. C. followed by calcining said support at a temperature of about 400.degree. to about 600.degree. C.; and (c) compositing or depositing on said support of step (b), a catalyst precursor salt represented by (ML)(Mo.sub.y W.sub.1-y O.sub.4).sub.a wherein M comprises Cr and/or one or more divalent promoter metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and mixtures thereof, wherein y is any value ranging from 0 to 1, and wherein L is one or more neutral, nitrogen-containing ligands at least one of which is a chelating polydentate ligand; a=1 when chromium is not one of the promoter metals and 0.5.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a catalyst composition comprising a Group VIII metal, preferably a Group VIII noble metal, and a zirconia support impregnated with silica and tungsten oxide and its use in an isomerization process.

Abstract: A process for producing an oil soluble interpolymer polymer of 1,2-alkylenediamine such as N-ethyl ethylenediamine, aldehyde-provider such as formaldehyde, and ortho-unsubstituted hydroxyaromatics such as 4-polyalkylene phenol is disclosed. The decyclized Mannich Base monomer units provide a higher viscosity material which is suitably substituted with a long chain hydrocarbyl para substituent such as polyisobutylene or ethylene/alpha-olefin polymer. Various ortho-substituted hydroxyaromatics such as o-cresol may be used to control the degree of polymerization. The polymers are useful as dispersants or other lubricant additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous in-situ process for the removal from heavy oils, of organically bound sulfur in the form of mercaptans, sulfides and thiophenes, heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and oxygen and metals selected from the group consisting of nickel, vanadium and iron, comprising the steps of (a) contacting a heavy oil with aqueous sodium hydroxide at a temperature of about 380.degree. to about 450.degree. C. for a time sufficient to form sodium sulfide; (b) contacting said sodium sulfide of step (a) with water and a transition metal for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form transition metal sulfide, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen and impurities; and (c) recirculating said sodium hydroxide from step (b) to step (a) and removing said transition metal sulfide and said impurities, wherein said impurities are iron, vanadium and nickel. Optionally, molecular hydrogen may be added in the first step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous in-situ process for the removal of organically bound sulfur existing as mercaptans, sulfides and thiophenes comprising the steps of (a) contacting a heavy oil with aqueous sodium hydroxide at a temperature of about 380.degree. C. to about 450.degree. C. for a time sufficient to form sodium sulfide, and (b) steam stripping the sodium sulfide of step (a) at a temperature sufficient to convert said sodium sulfide to sodium hydroxide and recirculating the sodium hydroxide from step (b) back to step (a) and removing hydrogen sulfide and the metals from the organically bound metal complex of the sodium sulfide to convert it back to sodium hydroxide, in which case the sulfur may be recovered as H.sub.2 S rather than the metal sulfide. Optionally, molecular hydrogen may be added in the first step. The present invention is useful in removing organically bound sulfur that has been recognized to be difficult to remove, such as thiophenes.

Abstract: A process for producing an oil soluble interpolymer polymer of 1,2-alkylenediamine such as N-ethyl ethylenediamine, aldehyde-provider such as formaldehyde, and ortho-unsubstituted hydroxyaromatics such as 4-polyalkylene phenol is disclosed. The decyclized Mannich Base monomer units provide a higher viscosity material which is suitably substituted with a long chain hydrocarbyl para substituent such as polyisobutylene or ethylene/alpha-olefin polymer. Various ortho-substituted hydroxyaromatics such as o-cresol may be used to control the degree of polymerization. The polymers are useful as dispersants or other lubricant additives.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is provided which is obtained by containing in (A) a base oil in which the content of the aromatic ingredients is 3.0% by weight or less, N is 50 ppm by weight or less, S is 50 ppm by weight, and the viscosity is 2.0-50.0 mm.sup.2 /s, based on the total weight of the composition, (B) 0.05-2.0% by weight of alkyldiphenylamine(s) and/or phenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine(s) and (C) MoDTC of C.sub.8-23 and/or C.sub.3-18 in an amount of 50-2,000 ppm by weight in terms of the amount of molybdenum. Such a lubricating oil composition has high heat-resistant properties, a high stability to oxidation, and improved friction characteristics, and is suitably used especially as a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A method for testing a sample for soot-related viscosity increase comprising: (a) preparing the sample which comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, (b) measuring the viscosity of the sample (c) preparing a stable sample/paste dispersion of the sample and a carbon black paste, (d) equilibrating the sample/paste dispersion, and (e) measuring the viscosity of the sample/paste dispersion, and a method for predicting physical effects of soot-loading on a sample in a test which measures viscosity increase comprising: (1) measuring viscosity increase for a series of reference fluids in the test, (2) measuring viscosity increase for the series of reference fluids in a method having steps (a) to (e), (3) developing a curve, (4) evaluating the sample using the method having steps (a) to (e), and (5) interpolating a viscometric effect for the sample using the curve.

Abstract: Crankcase lubricant compositions for use in automobile or truck engines comprise a major amount of a lubricating oil, added copper present in oil-soluble form and an oil-soluble diamine sulphide. The specified additives provide a highly effective antioxidant system, which may be used, for example, in lubricating oils which are substantially free of phosphorus.