Abstract: An HID lamp utilizes a wire frame member having an integral coil with spaces between windings to relieve thermal stress and provide shock absorption in a ceramic metal halide discharge lamp mounted concentrically in an elliptical-dimple (ED-type) glass envelope. The wire frame member has a first end welded to a current carrying support member embedded in the stem and a second end welded to an upper axial lead of the arc tube, the coil being situated about the dimple. The lower axial lead fixed relative to a second current carrying support member embedded in the stem, so that the coil compresses when the arc tube expands relative to the wire frame member.

Abstract: A luminescent material includes erbium, gadolinium and an activator chosen from the rare earth elements and/or the transition metals. Upon excitation with radiation having a short enough wavelength, the luminescent material acts as a quantum cutter and has a quantum efficiency of more than 100%.

Abstract: The luminaire has a housing (1), a mounting bracket (3) and a coupling (4) to connect the housing adjustably with the bracket (3). The coupling (4) has a first part (10) secured to the housing (1), a second part (20) fixed to the bracket (3) and a blocking device (5), the first and the second parts (10, 20) being nested and coupled. The blocking device (5) may have a blocking member (12, 14) coupled to one of the parts (10, 20) and a seat (21, 22) therefor in the other of the parts (10, 20). The coupling (4) allows for rotating the housing (1) from its adjusted position and to bring it back into its original position without the need to adjust it again.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp includes a discharge tube with an ionizable filling which emits ultraviolet light when a discharge occurs, and an inside surface coated with a mixture of three phosphors which emit light in blue-green, green, and red wavelength ranges when exposed to the ultraviolet light. The green and red phosphors are conventional, for example LAP and YOX, while the blue-green phosphor is barium magnesium aluminate activated by europium and manganese (BBG). The BBG has spectra which are similar to those of conventional blue phosphors such as BAM or SCAP, but also emits in the green range from 500-540 nm and augments the LAP which is relatively low in this range.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing the quality of contacts e.g. in an LCD module in which an IC is so placed on the surface of a substrate that the external connections of the IC electrically contact the desired interconnections on the substrate. The quality of the electrical contacts is tested by powering up the IC and running a selftest program. This selftest checks all contacts between the external connections of the device and the interconnections on the substrate, e.g. the row-column conductors on the LCD-glass. Due to a possibly poor ohmic contact the signals from the driver-IC may be delayed, the delay measured being representative for the quality of the contact.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing a glass substrate with reduced glare wherein a suspension comprising sub-micron transparent oxide particles and a binder is coated on the substrate to form a film, whereafter the film is dried in such manner that in situ flocculation of the particles takes place. Said in-situ flocculation strongly reduces glare on the said surface.

Abstract: The electric incandescent lamp has a sintered glass plate (1) through which current conductors (2) and a metal tube (3) extend. An incandescent body (4) is connected to said current conductors (2) aligned with respect to the sintered plate (1). A glass bulb (5) is present over the incandescent body (4), gastight secured to the sintered plate (1) by means of enamel (6). A water getter (20) and a heavy gas at an elevated pressure are present inside the glass bulb (5). The lamp may consume a relatively high power and may be relatively small, but nevertheless has a relatively long life.

Abstract: A mask pattern is repetitively scan-imaged on a number of areas of a substrate by means of a beam of EUV radiation having a circular segment-shaped cross-section. This system, which is easier to manufacture at lower cost than a projection system with six or more imaging mirrors, has only five imaging mirrors with a good numerical aperture and an acceptable image-ringfield width. An EUV lithographic projection apparatus provided with the new projection system has a wafer throughput which is approximately 50% higher than that of an apparatus provided with a six-mirror projection system. Moreover, it has a compact construction.

Abstract: The lamp is provided with a metal holder (21) having an opening (21a) and resilient body (20) which fastens the holder in a tube (15) which is in communication with the discharge space. A first portion (20a) of the resilient body (20) is clamped in the opening (21a) of the holder (21). A second folded portion (21b) is clamped in inside the tube (15).

Abstract: A light source includes an array of LEDs in each of a plurality colors such as red, green, and blue in the entrance aperture of a tubular reflector which preferably has convex walls facing the optic axis and flares outward toward the exit aperture, and preferably has a polygonal cross section such as a square. Mixing of colors is further promoted by utilizing a large number of small LEDs with the LEDs of each color being centered on the optic axis.

Abstract: A dual lamp illumination system, in which the output beams of two lamps with collimating reflectors are directed into one another to produce a combined beam, and in which plane mirrors set at 90 degrees to one another are inserted half way into the combined beam. Thus half of the combined beam is directed out of the path of the combined beam to form a new combined beam having substantially the same etendue as the original combined beam. The the light rays in the unreflected half of the original combined beam are recycled until they strike one of the plane surfaces, and are thence reflected out into the new combined beam.

Abstract: The Application describes a method and devices for manufacturing a broadband cholesteric polarizer having a well-defined bandwidth and edge position. To this end, a liquid-crystalline cholesterically ordered layer comprising reactive chiral monomers and reactive nematogenic monomers having a different reactivity is polymerized by exposure to radiation. The invention is characterized in that the intensity of the radiation is increased substantially, preferably by a factor of 10 or more, when a desired edge position of the band is reached. As a result, the bandwidth and edge position of the reflection band reached at that moment are frozen as it were. A monochromatic sensor can be used to determine whether said edge position has been reached, the wavelength used by the sensor corresponding to the wavelength of the desired edge position of the band. Broadband, cholesteric polarizers having a well-defined bandwidth and edge position can very advantageously be used in a display.

Abstract: The invention relates to a luminescent material of general formula (BaxSr1−x−yPby)2Mg(BO3)2 wherein 0≦x≦0.999, 0.0005<y<0.05. Luminescent materials of this general formula are very suitable for use in low pressure mercury discharge lamps for tanning purposes.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating substrates, such as silicon wafers (1), wherein the substrates are immersed for some time in a bath (2) containing a liquid (3) and are taken therefrom so slowly that practically all of the liquid remains in the bath (2). The substrates (1) are brought from the liquid (3) directly into contact with a vapor of an organic solvent which is mixed with a carrier gas and introduced from gas leads (17) having outlet nozzles (18). The vapor is miscible with the liquid (3) to yield a mixture having a surface tension lower than that of the liquid, and which does not condense on the substrates. No drying marks with organic or metallic residues or other contaminations remain on the substrates (1).

Abstract: Discharge lamp includes a ceramic metal halide lamp having a central barrel enclosing a discharge space containing a fill gas and opposed end plugs which receive electrode lead-ins therethrough. A conductive ring is provided around each end plug, which is preferably polycrystalline alumina (PCA). These rings are connected by an antenna on the central barrel and thereby capacitively coupled to the lead-ins. The rings and the antenna are preferably sintered tungsten which is coated on the arc tube in paste form prior to sintering. When a voltage is applied across the electrodes, the resulting electric field causes the PCA to emit UV radiation which stimulates photoelectrons to initiate a discharge in the fill gas.

Abstract: An inner layer of strands comprises at least one strand; each strand consists of three or four twisted elementary fibers without any central elementary fiber. The ratio of the twist pitch of the strand to its diameter is between 7 and 19. The inner layer may be surrounded by an outer layer which also comprises twisted strands.

Abstract: A high-pressure metal halide discharge lamp has opposed tungsten electrodes carried by electrode rods. These rods have a first portion of tungsten adjacent the electrodes and a second portion made of at least 25% by weight of rhenium. Their common boundaries are at a location having an operating temperature in the range of 1900-2100° K. The gas filling contains metal oxyhalide and is devoid of rare earth metal compounds.

Abstract: A double-wall insulated container has an internal wall and an external wall enclosing an intermediate space which is under partial vacuum. A foam glass granulate fills the intermediate space and supports the walls. The walls may be metal or plastic and sealed with a vapor barrier as necessary to make the space leak-proof. The container may be styled as a Dewar flask for food or beverages, or larger to make it suitable for a household appliance such as a refrigerator.

Abstract: A quartz protective sleeve surrounding a ceramic metal halide arc tube is supported by a pair of frame members received inside the sleeve. A short frame member extends only partially into the sleeve, while a long frame member extends through the sleeve and includes a loop which engages a dimple at the top of the lamp envelope. The sleeve is fitted over the frame members, which are spring loaded apart. Axial positioning may be provided by terminals or other features fixed to the frame members. In an alternative embodiment, shoulders for positioning the sleeve and terminals for connecting to the arc tube are formed integrally with the frame members.

Abstract: The discharge lamp comprises a piezotransformer and at least one of the lamp electrodes comprises a secondary side of the piezotransformer. Since the piezotransformer functions as a lamp electrode, as a ballast choke and as a transformer, the discharge lamp can be operated by means of a relatively simple and cheap ballast circuit.