Abstract: The invention relates to a network comprising at least one host device having an interface card connected to a backplane of said host device, wherein said interface card comprises at least one cage for receiving a pluggable module which performs a traffic management of data transported via at least one optical fiber connected to said pluggable module.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a plurality of gate lines formed on the first substrate, a plurality of data lines intersecting the gate lines, a plurality of thin film transistors connected to the gate lines and the data lines, a plurality of color filters formed on the gate lines, the data lines, and the thin film transistors, a plurality of first electrodes made of a transparent conductor formed on the color filters, and electrically connected to the thin film transistors, a first passivation layer formed on the first electrodes, a second electrode formed on the first passivation layer, and including a plurality of branch electrodes, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A method of forming a memory device includes forming a first interlayer insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate, forming a first electrode in the first interlayer insulating layer, the first electrode having a top surface of a rectangular shape extending in a first direction, and forming a variable resistance pattern on the first electrode, the variable resistance pattern having a bottom surface of a rectangular shape extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, the bottom surface of the variable resistance pattern contacting the first electrode, wherein the area of contact between the lower electrode and the variable resistance pattern is substantially equal to a multiplication of a minor axis length of a top surface of the first electrode and a minor axis length of a bottom surface of the variable resistance pattern.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a device isolation pattern, a charge trap layer, and a plurality of word lines. The device isolation pattern defines an active region in a semiconductor substrate and extends in a first direction. The charge trap layer covers the active region and the device isolation pattern. The word lines on the charge trap layer cross the active region and extend in a second direction. The charge trap layer disposed in a first region where the word line and the active region cross each other has a different nitrogen content ratio from the charge trap layer disposed in a second region surrounding the first region.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate capable of appropriately maintaining driving performance even when there is a difference between manufacturing processes and a method of manufacturing the same. The thin film transistor substrate includes: a gate electrode formed on an insulating substrate; a semiconductor layer formed on the gate electrode; and a plurality of thin film transistors each having a source electrode and a drain electrode that are formed on the gate electrode and the semiconductor layer so as to be spaced apart from each other. At least one of the plurality of thin film transistors is a dummy thin film transistor that does not have the semiconductor layer between the source electrode and the drain electrode.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a thin film transistor substrate, a semiconductor pattern is formed on a substrate, a first etch stop layer and a second etch stop layer are sequentially formed on the semiconductor pattern, and the second etch stop layer and the first etch stop layer are sequentially patterned to form a second etch stop pattern and a first etch stop pattern. Thus, when the second etch stop layer is patterned using an etchant, the first etch stop layer covers the semiconductor pattern, thereby preventing the semiconductor pattern from being etched by the etchant.

Abstract: A method for security planning with hard security constraints includes: receiving security-related requirements of a network to be developed using system inputs and processing components; and generating the network according to the security-related requirements, wherein the network satisfies hard security constraints.

Abstract: A remotely accessed lottery system in accordance with the present invention, includes at least one gaming location including a plurality of terminals, each terminal including a display and an input device, the terminals being connected on a local area network. A dedicated transmission link is coupled to the local area network. A central station is remotely disposed relative to the at least one gaming location, the central station coupled to the local area network by the dedicated transmission link. The central station further includes at least one computer for generating tickets to be sent to the terminals pursuant to requests by players to participate, wherein the tickets are digitally rendered on a display of the terminals and have outcomes predetermined at the central station prior to the request for purchase and also includes a device for updating player accounts responsive to requests for participation and winning results as determined at the central station.

Abstract: An emulation system includes a first circuit for emulating a first logical part of a device, a second circuit for emulating a second logical part of the device that is different from the first logical part, wherein the first circuit is separate from the second circuit, and a third circuit connecting the first circuit and the second circuit to communicate signals between the first circuit and the second circuit.

Abstract: A mobile video system includes a housing having a front surface and a rear surface. The housing is shaped and dimensioned for attachment to a rear surface of a back support portion of an vehicle seat, wherein the housing includes a rear surface that is provided with coupling members shaped and dimensioned for attachment to the back support portion of the vehicle seat. A video monitor and a video source are supported within the housing. The video monitor is mounted within the housing for movement between an exposed orientation in which it is positioned above the housing and a storage position in which it is positioned within the housing for protection from the external environment.

Abstract: A touch screen display apparatus includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a conductive pad formed on the first substrate, a cell-gap spacer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, an auxiliary cell-gap spacer disposed around the cell-gap spacer, and a conductive spacer formed on the second substrate to correspond to the conductive pad, wherein the conductive spacer is movably connected to the conductive pad.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonator or filter including a first conductive layer, one or more electrodes patterned in the first conductive layer which serve the function of signal input, signal output, or DC biasing, or some combination of these functions, an evacuated cavity, a resonating member comprised of a lower conductive layer and an upper structural layer, a first air gap between the resonating member and one or more of the electrodes, an upper membrane covering the cavity, and a second air gap between the resonating member and the upper membrane.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes providing a semiconductor substrate including a memory cell region and peripheral circuit regions. Gate electrodes including gate conductive patterns and capping patterns are formed on the memory cell region and the peripheral circuit regions. An interlayer dielectric covering the gate electrodes is formed. The interlayer dielectric is patterned to form first contact holes exposing the semiconductor substrate along side of the gate electrode in the memory cell region and second contact holes exposing a portion of the capping pattern in the peripheral circuit region such that a bottom surface of the second contact hole is spaced apart from a top surface of the gate conductive pattern. A first plug conductive layer is filled in the first contact holes and a second plug conductive layer is filled in the second contact holes.

Abstract: A memory device includes a storage node, a first electrode, and a second electrode formed in a memory cell, the storage node stores electrical charges, the first electrode comprising a first portion electrically connected to a second portion, the first portion moves to connect to the storage node when the second electrode is energized.

Abstract: A method of determining a three-dimensional (3D) position of a catheter tip includes: compensating a 2D position of the tip of the catheter for respiratory motion to generate a compensated 2D catheter position, generating weighted sample points around the compensated 2D catheter position, determining correspondent points of the weighted sample points in a 3D image, computing a weighted mean and a weighted covariance of each correspondent point, and determining the 3D position of the catheter tip in the 3D image from a fusion of the weighted means and weighted covariances.

Abstract: A method for image volume segmentation includes receiving an input image, obtaining an oriented closed contour on one or more slices of the input image, determining a minimum-weight surface from the oriented closed contour using a minimum-cost circulation network flow, and outputting the minimum-weight surface as a segmentation of the input image.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a transistor, a gate structure is formed on a substrate. First impurities are implanted into the substrate to form an impurity region at an upper portion of the substrate adjacent to the gate structure. An epitaxial layer is formed on the impurity region. An insulation layer having an opening partially exposing the epitaxial layer is formed on the substrate. Second impurities are implanted into a portion of the epitaxial layer exposed by the opening.

Abstract: A method of acquiring tags using web search includes receiving a search query in a search engine, processing the search query and returning a list of candidate resources corresponding to the search query, determining a candidate resource out of the list of candidate resources, extracting tags from the search query, and tagging the candidate resource with the extracted tags.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device using variable resistive element with reduced layout size and improved performance is provided. The nonvolatile memory device comprising: a main word line; multiple sub-word lines, wherein each of the sub-word line is connected to multiple nonvolatile memory cells; and a section word line driver which controls voltage level of the multiple sub-word lines, wherein the section word line driver includes multiple pull-down elements which are connected to each of the multiple sub-word lines and a common node and a selection element which is connected to the common node and the main word line.

Abstract: A Radio Frequency (RF) transmission method of a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader using a plurality of channels is provided. The method includes: selecting at least part of the plurality of channels, measuring an RF power of each of the selected channels, determining a transmission environment of the RF according to a measurement determination, and modulating an RF signal according to the determined transmission environment.