Abstract: A process for forming diamond like films of carbon on substrates at room temperature using physical vapour deposition. A source of carbon is physically ablated in the vicintity of a substrate to deposit on the substrate all forms of carbon. A physical discrimination process is applied continuously to remove graphite grains while leaving the aliphatic diamond form intact. The source of carbon is typically a high purity carbon rod. The substrate is typically metal or glass placed within about 60 centimeters where laser pulse energy of 50 millijoules peak power is used. Physical ablation is carried out by ion beam, arc or laser ablation. The resulting carbon plume impinges on the substrate and is thermally quenched. Physical discrimination between carbon forms is by using a laser having a wavelength which is absorbed by graphitic forms but which passes through the aliphatic forms without absorption thereby allowing thermal quenching of the diamond like aliphatic forms.

Abstract: A device for amusing animals and teaching animals not to chew on undesirable objects such a furniture and clothing comprises a chewing device suspended from the neck of the animal. The animal will choose the suspended device to chew. The chewing device may be flavored. Medication may also be administered through the device.

Abstract: A synthesized jitter generator employing a novel digital architecture is provided. The apparatus provides period synthesis and controlled sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal jitter modulation functions of a square wave provided at its output. The architecture consists of a coupling of an N+M bit digital accumulator and an N bit synchronous counter to an N bit magnitude compare circuit. The output of the magnitude compare strobes the accumulator when the two inputs are equal in magnitude causing the accumulator to increment synchronously. The output of the magnitude compare is also a digital waveform whose average period is precisely defined by the input word to the accumulator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for emulating a rotating disk drive using a removable ferroelectric solid state storage device in a microprocessor controlled storage system. The removable ferroelectric solid state storage device has non-volatile memory integrated circuit components in a ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) pack. The ferroelectric memory pack utilizes the same read/write recording techniques as those for transferring data between a host computer and a rotating disk drive.

Abstract: A semiconductor Nonvolatile memory. The memory cell has the following structure. Within a P type silicon substrate 3, there are provided an n.sup.+ type source 26 and an n.sup.+ type drain 28, the two regions forming a channel region 30. On top of the channel region 30 there are laminated a silicon dioxide film 5, an insulating layer which consists of the nitride film 18a,18b and 18c, and the oxide film 20a,20b and 20c. Further, on top of the insulating layer, there is formed a polysilicon film 24, which serves as a control electrode. By using the memory cell and row select transistor a semiconductor nonvolatile memory can be constructed.

Abstract: At the time of starting movement as well as at the time when a crawler type tractor, e.g., a bulldozer for performing a dosing operation and a ripping operation is held in a three-point grounding state, an output from an engine (10) is automatically reduced further from a normal cut-off state, whereby an operator is not required to depress a deceleration pedal (13). Consequently, a burden to be borne by him can be reduced substantially.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining the wetting preference of particulate solids, for example sand, dispersed in a multiphase liquid medium having a continuous phase and a discontinuous phase, for example a water-in-oil emulsion. A dispersion of the particulate solids and the liquid medium is passed through an electroacoustical cell and the electroacoustical signal is measured for varying solids content. If the signal remains substantially constant this indicates a wetting preference for the continuous phase, whereas if the signal decreases this indicates a wetting preference for the discontinuous phase.

Abstract: A spreadsheet program providing the combination of spreadsheet and database tools, and enabling users to develop an application environment that can use all resources in the spreadsheet storage area. The spreadsheet program comprises three storage areas: a spreadsheet data structure; a set of database files in a storage area, and a video display system. The spreadsheet data structure is divided into two sets of cells that can be operated through three different environments. The first environment contains the tools of a spreadsheet environment, and the first set of cells can be operated through the first environment. This is most appropriate for scratchpad uses. The second environment contains the tools of a spreadsheet environment and contains a special command that can define commands for the third environment. This is appropriate to develop formulas for an application, and the application's environment of operation.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory is disclosed. The cell has MNOS structure, and comprises a p-type silicon substrate 27 with n type layers 21, 23, a silicon dioxide film 19 thereon, a reduced pressure SiN film 17 thereon and a polysilicon film 14 thereon. The surface of the channel region 25 has projecting portions so the semiconductor memory employing the cell, compared to that of the prior art, permits tunneling of electrons with a low programming voltage.