Abstract: A filled structure includes a fiber reinforced resinous hollow structure having a tensile strength of at least 30,000 psi, an inside surface forming a boundary which encloses a space, and a hard core within the space. The hard core has a density of at least 35 pounds per cubic foot and a compressive strength of at least 1500 psi. The hard core is formed from a mixture of particulate cementitious material and liquid such that when the mixture hardens, the hard core is mechanically locked to the inside surface of the hollow structure.

Abstract: A head and facial massaging apparatus includes a support base constructed and arranged to contact a supporting surface. A headrest structure is operatively associated with the support base. The headrest structure includes a mounting structure and a headrest. The headrest is constructed and arranged to receive and support a rear portion of a user's head. A back shell structure is carried by the mounting structure and has an upper surface and an opposing lower surface. The upper surface includes an expandable bladder structure constructed and arranged to contact a rear portion of a user's head not being supported by the headrest. A source of fluid is provided to control expansion of the bladder structure. A front shell structure is provided having a plurality of resilient fingers extending from a surface thereof. The fingers are constructed and arranged to contact certain facial tissues of the user.

Abstract: Provided is radiation-curable ink composition containing a radiation-curable carrier system containing at least one radiation-curable monomer or oligomer and at least one pigment dispersed in the radiation-curable carrier system in an amount sufficient to provide a color which is visible without magnification. The pigment is substantially insoluble in the radiation-curable carrier system whereby the particulate shape of the pigment is substantially retained in the radiation-curable carrier system. The pigment having a particle size that substantially avoids pigment induced microbending of an optical glass fiber coated with the ink coating.

Abstract: A hydraulic device includes a housing and a bulkhead disposed in the housing. A pump piston is provided in the housing and has first and second end surfaces with the second end surface of the pump piston and surfaces of the housing and of the bulkhead defining a pumping chamber. The pump piston is constructed and arranged to move within the housing to develop pressure on fluid in the pumping chamber. The first end surface of the pump piston and surfaces of the housing define a pump reservoir chamber. A ram piston is provided in the housing and has first and second end surfaces with the first end surface of the ram piston and surfaces of the housing and of the bulkhead defining a drive chamber. Connecting structure is associated with the bulkhead to communicate the pumping chamber with the drive chamber so that fluid pressure developed in the pumping chamber may be exerted on the first end surface of said ram piston. A barrier is provided in the housing between an end of the housing and the ram piston.

Abstract: Provided is a process for recovering chemicals and energy from spent liquor obtained when producing paper pulp by chemical delignificatation of fibrous raw material. The spent liquor is gasified in at least two reactors, a first and a second stream of solid and/or smelt material and of combustible gaseous material being formed. The formed material is treated in one or more devices (5, 6, 7, 8), whereby a first (9) and a second liquor (27) are formed. The pressure and/or temperature in the first reactor differ(s) from the pressure and/or temperature in the second reactor. In addition, one or more process chemicals are recovered selectively from the formed liquor and/or gas, and are thereafter returned in whole or in part to one or more of the reactors (1, 2) and/or to one or more of the devices (5, 6, 7, 8) for treatment of the formed material.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for releasing energy from hydrogen atoms (molecules) by stimulating their electrons to relax to quantized lower energy levels and smaller radii (smaller semimajor and semiminor axes) than the "ground state" by providing energy sinks or means to remove energy resonant with the hydrogen energy released to stimulate these transitions. An energy sink, energy hole, can be provided by the transfer of at least one electron between participating species including atoms, ions, molecules, and ionic and molecular compounds. In one embodiment, the energy hole comprises the transfer of t electrons from one or more donating species to one or more accepting species whereby the sum of the ionization energies and/or electron affinities of the electron donating species minus the sum of the ionization energies and/or electron affinities of the electron accepting species equals approximately mX27.21 eV (mX48.6 eV) for atomic (molecular) hydrogen below "ground state" transitions where m and t are integers.

Abstract: Provided is a process for removing metals from a bleaching plant spent liquor and recovering a chelating agent which includes the steps of: heating a spent liquor containing a chelate comprising metals bound in a chelating agent to a temperature of at least about 140.degree. C.

Abstract: A tag applicator for cylindrical objects is provided with an applicator station for receiving an adhesive surfaced label or tag over a pair of flexible wrapping fingers; a transport device engages, grips and moves an article to be tagged from a supply station through a tag applying station and then to a discharge station with the movement of the part through the tag applying station being effective in combination with the wrapping fingers to securely apply the adhesive tag to the part.

Abstract: Provided is a foamable, phenolic resin composition adapted to form a closed-cell phenolic resin foam under substantially atmospheric pressure. The foamable, phenolic resin composition is formulated from a resol resin, a blowing agent, and a bond strength enhancing agent and/or a phenolic resin nucleating agent. The present invention also relates to a method of forming a closed-cell, phenolic resin foam and a closed-cell phenolic resin foam.

Abstract: A reciprocating engine (10) comprises separate cylinders (12 and 15) for air compression and expansion with heating of the compressed air taking place in a heat exchanger (17) or combustor (64) located between the cylinders (12 and 15). The flow of gas into the expander cylinder (15) is controlled by an admission valve (37). The stem (41) of the admission valve (37) extends transversely across the expander cylinder (15) and is cooled by the flow of exhaust gases out of the expander cylinder (15).

Abstract: A laser beam delivery system and a method for ablating tissue, e.g., for reshaping a cornea of an eye is provided. The laser beam delivery system directs a laser beam on the tissue to be ablated in a predetermined pattern according to the principles of the present invention. The laser beam is incrementally scanned to subsequent laser beam ablation points or spots in the ablation zone in accordance with the predetermined pattern. The laser beam ablates tissue at the spots in the predetermined pattern in an arranged order. In one aspect of the present invention, the radii of the predetermined pattern is varied between scans of the laser beam until a predetermined reshaping is achieved by ablation. In another aspect of the present invention, every other, every third, every fourth, etc. laser beam spot in a predetermined pattern is ablated, and the scans are repeated for unablated points until all spots are ablated.

Abstract: A ducted fan gas turbine engine is provided with a fan which is carried by a shaft. A frangible fuse ring maintains the shaft carrying the fan coaxial with the engine longitudinal axis. In the event of severe fan damage, the fuse ring (28) fractures and the fan shaft orbits about the engine longitudinal axis. A pair of threaded members (39, 41), one of which is of generally frusto-conical configuration, cooperate as a result of the orbiting motion to restore the coaxial relationship between the fan shaft and the engine longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A system for illuminating an eye useful for tracking movement of an eye during vision correction treatments includes a generally arcuate main body having. The main body is constructed and arranged to be mounted in spaced relation to an eye to be tracked. An infrared light source is carried by the main body on at least a significant portion of its inner circumferential surface to direct infrared light toward the eye being treated at an angle from about 20 to 45 degrees with respect to an iris base plane of the eye being tracked.

Abstract: Provided is a solution aerosol formulation adapted for use in a pressurized aerosol container. The aerosol formulation is formulated from a composition containing Budesonide, Formoterol at least one fluoroalkane propellant, and a cosolvent present in an amount that dissolves or solubilizes the Budesonide and Formoterol in the mixture of cosolvent and propellant.

Abstract: A method of coating a component (6) having at least one passage (16) entirely therethrough. The method comprising the steps of applying a coating (28) to a region of the surface (22) of the component (6), adjacent to one end of the passage. Then directing a liquid jet (38) through the other end of the said passage (16) so as to remove at least a portion of any coating material (28) located within, or obstructing, the passage (16). In this method the jet is channelled by a first portion (42) of the passage (16) before it encounters the coating material (28) within, or obstructing, the passage (16). In particular the jet (38) is a water jet, which is used to remove a ceramic coating (28) from a component (6). The method has particular use in clearing cooling holes (16) within combustor components or turbine blades. The method can also be used in the repair of such components (6).

Abstract: A catalytic combustion chamber is provided with at least two catalytic combustion zones arranged in flow series. In a first mode of operation fuel is supplied from first fuel injectors, positioned upstream of the first catalytic combustion zone, into the catalytic combustion chamber and is burnt in the first catalytic combustion zone in order to preheat the subsequent catalytic combustion zones. In the second mode of operation the supply of fuel to the first fuel injectors is reduced and fuel is supplied from second fuel injectors positioned between the first catalytic combustion zone and the second catalytic combustion zone into the space between the first catalytic combustion zone and the second catalytic combustion zone. This prevents the first catalytic zone becoming overheated, and reduces the possibility of the second and third catalytic combustion zones becoming overheated and allows the optimum catalyst to be selected for the first catalytic combustion zone.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for performing corneal refractive surgery by ablating a portion of a corneal surface of an eye. The apparatus includes a pulsed laser for producing a pulsed output beam of light. A scanning mechanism scans the output beam, and the output beam is operatively associated with the scanning mechanism such that the output beam may be scanned over a predetermined surface defined by a mathematically derived ablation layer boundary curve for each ablation layer. A controller is operatively associated with the scanning mechanism so as to deliver output beams to the predetermined surface such that center points of output beams may be disposed within the ablation layer boundary curve, on the ablation layer boundary curve, and outside but within a predetermined distance from a nearest point on the ablation layer boundary curve so as to integrate the edges of the ablation layer boundary curve to more closely correspond to the desired ablated shape.

Abstract: A titanium aluminide based alloy consisting of 42-48 at % aluminium, 2-5 at % niobium, 3-8 at % zirconium, 0-1 at % boron, 0-0.4 at % silicon and the balance, apart from incidental impurities, is titanium. The titanium aluminize alloy composition has a satisfactory combination of high tensile strength, acceptable ductility at room temperature and low secondary creep rate at elevated temperature, so as to be suitable for use in high temperature applications for example aero-engines and automobile engines. It is suitable for compressor discs and compressor blades of aero-engines.

Abstract: In a method for decomposition of hydrocarbons for the production of hydrogen and carbon black, the feed stock is passed through a plasma torch, which causes a pyrolytic decomposition of the feed stock. The feed stock is transported through the plasma torch (A) in a cooled lead-in tube (1) and undergoes a first heating in an area in the immediate vicinity of the plasma flame. The material thereby produced is passed on to one or more subsequent stages where the final and complete decomposition of the hydrocarbons to carbon black and hydrogen occurs. In this area further raw material may be added which causes quenching and reacts with the already produced carbon black. An increase is thereby caused in particle size, density and amount produced without further energy supply, whereafter the products produced are expelled and separated and hot gas may be transported in a return pipe to the torch, in order to further increase the energy yield.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing polysulphide by means of oxidizing sulphide in spent liquors from kraft cellulose cooking. The process is characterized in that green liquor is firstly enriched in sulphide and then oxidized.