Abstract: Ink for ink-jet dyeing purposes contains a disperse dye which is insoluble, or slightly soluble, in water, and a dispersing agent which can be represented by the following general formula (I).M--(--OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --).sub.n --X--(--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--).sub.n --MHere, X in this formula represents --A-- or --O--A--O-- (where A is represented by the formulae indicated below), and M is a hydrogen atom, --SO.sub.3 H, --SO.sub.3 NH.sub.4 or --SO.sub.3 Na, and n is an integer of value 5-20. ##STR1## According to the above ink, there is no blockage of the orifices by the ink and the ink can be discharged from the orifices in the form of very fine liquid droplets which are stable, and mixing of the inks which have be discharged on the surface of the said cloth proceeds smoothly, thereby enabling to obtain uniform and distinct images with no physical defects or color defects.Another aspect is directed to a method of forming mixing color on a material to be dyed.

Abstract: In a MOS-type charging circuit in a semiconductor chip using a supply voltage-lowering circuit, a driver MOS transistor is connected not to an output of the supply voltage-lowering circuit but directly to an external power supply. A comparison is made between the voltage at the terminal of the driver MOS transistor connected to a large-capacity capacity load and an output of the supply voltage-lowering circuit, i.e., an internal supply voltage of the chip. On the basis of the result of comparison, the gate potential of the driver MOS transistor is controlled, and the large-capacity load is charged to the level of the internal supply voltage of the chip. Hence, only one driver transistor can be used as conventionally required two driver transistors connecting the external power supply and the large-capacity load, so that the chip area can be reduced.

Abstract: In a common drive output circuit for driving dissimilar switching semiconductor devices having different drive input characteristics by turning on and off dc power supplies to apply a voltage between the drive input terminals of either one of the switching semiconductor devices through two transistors connected in a Darlington pair, the collector circuit of one of the two transistors which is not at the output stage has a diode inserted in series which has such a polarity as to permit passage of the collector current.

Abstract: One technique of a congestion control method for packet switching apparatuses, in which a plurality of priority data indicative of different demands, such as a first priority data indicative of immediateness priority and a second priority data indicative of necessity priority, are attached to each packet. In congestion of a packet queue, such control is carried out that such a packet as having the high first immediateness priority is rearranged as located in the front part of the queue while such a packet as having the high first immediateness priority but having the low second necessity priority is first discarded according to the first and second priority data of the packets, whereby major demands for the each packet are concurrently satisfied.

Abstract: A single active element performs the multiple functions of regulating DC voltage level from an AC source supplied to charge a battery and of coupling the battery to power an emergency system such as an emergency lighting system upon loss of the AC source. Preferably, the single active element also performs a third function of disconnecting the battery from the emergency system in time to prevent over discharge and consequent permanent damage to the battery.