Abstract: A method is described for the manufacture of epoxides or glycols from olefins. An olefin is contacted with a reaction mixture of a halogenating enzyme, an oxydizing agent and a halide ion source, for a sufficient period to convert the olefin to a halohydrin. The halohydrin is then converted to an epoxide or glycol.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of fructose from glucose. An aqueous solution of glucose is converted to D-glucosone by an enzymatic process. D-glucosone is then converted to substantially pure fructose by chemical hydrogenation. Fructose may be recovered in crystalline form.

Abstract: A shipping unit which includes a rectangular pallet that supports a plurality of open-top trays which are individually filled with the products being shipped. The vertical, superimposed stack of filled trays is suitably united to the pallet by strapping, shrinkwrap, or the like. Each tray is formed from an integral corrugated fiberboard blank having a flat bottom and four upstanding peripheral walls which are interlocked with one another at each corner. The walls each have depending tabs that extend below the tray bottom and lie outward of and frictionally engage the product which fills the next lower tray.

Abstract: A process and product are provided for the rapid manufacture of cheese products, and particularly process cheese-type products as hereinafter defined. In the process, a cultured component is prepared and mixed with a milk protein concentrate and a fat concentrate, which mixture is fermented to provide a cheese material capable of being made into process cheese-type products by conventional cheese cooking techniques. The cultured component is prepared by proteolyzing milk protein and by lipolyzing milk fat, and forming a mixed fermentate of these hydrolyzed materials. The mixed fermentate is combined with a cheese starter culture and fermented to give the cultured component.

Abstract: Hard, grating cheese is prepared by a process wherein large masses of curd are assembled, pressed and cured, and wherein the step of brining used in prior art processes is eliminated. In the process, salt is added to milled curd particles having a pH below about 5.1 and fermentable sugars substantially metabolized, the salted curd particles are pressed while withdrawing whey until the curd has moisture content desired in the finished cheese and the curd is cured for a period sufficient to provide hard grating cheese. Since brining is eliminated and the desired moisture content is established prior to curing, the hard grating cheese has substantially no moisture gradient. Consequently, the cheese can be shredded in about 2 to 6 months.

Abstract: [im-Bzl D-His.sup.6 ]LRF and [D-His.sup.6 (im-Bzl), Pro.sup.9 -NEt]LRF exhibit hydrophillicity comparable to that of LRF and act as superagonists exhibiting potencies, respectively, about 12 and more than 200 times that of LRF. The peptides or their nontoxic salts can be administered by intravenous subcutaneous, sublingual, oral, intravaginal, intranasal or rectal routes. The peptides can be used to regulate fertility in male and female mammals, including human beings.

Abstract: A power driven ski vehicle of the ski bob kind is driven by a power ski having a pair of running surfaces on the undersides of the power ski for sliding engagement with the snow and for supporting a substantial portion of th weight of the vehicle and rider. Each of the running surfaces is disposed intermediate an outboard turning flange, located along the outer ski edge, and a central tunnel through which a propulsion track travels. Preferably, the running surfaces are inclined in the transverse direction and their inner edges define a pair of inner reaction or turning edges parallel to the outer turning flanges. The entry and exit ends of the tunnels are configured to reduce wear of the propulsion track as it enters and exits the underside of the ski and is changing its direction of travel.

Abstract: A monitoring system comprises a sensor responsive to acceleration in a predetermined plane and an electronic circuit responsive to the sensor for indicating details of the acceleration. The sensor has a float structure immersed in liquid in a casing and mounted for pivotal movement when the sensor is subjected to acceleration in the predetermined plane. The float structure has a pair of spaced floats having centers of bouyancy above and one on each side of an axis of rotation for biassing the float structure to a datum position. Openings are provided in the float structure at different angular positions about the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A coin detecting device is described comprising a coin chute of the gravity type defining a path down which a coin travels, a delayed-reset microswitch having an actuating arm which is tripped by the passage of the coin down the path, and a plurality of unidirectional coin passing gates located along the path for preventing a cheating operation known as stringing. Stringing involves dropping a coin with a string attached past such a detecting device and manipulating the coin with the string in a manner to make it appear that several coins have passed. The coin detecting device is effective in preventing stringing with coins having slotted and unslotted bodies.

Abstract: A method is described for producing ammonia. A catalyst is produced by heating a mixture of carbon and magnesium above the melting point of magnesium in an inert atmosphere. The melt thereby produced is cooled and pulverized. Exposing the catalyst thereby produced to humid air results in production of ammonia. The addition of aluminum or zirconium to the mixture enhances the productivity of the catalyst.

Abstract: A control system is disclosed for acquiring and maintaining a register condition for successive repeat lengths of a moving web relative to a cut-off apparatus or the like in a web operating apparatus of the type which includes an adjustment means for advancing or retarding the web relative to the cut-off apparatus. The system operates in manual and automatic modes and while in the manual mode, an operator manipulates the adjustment means to obtain the register condition and then switches to the automatic mode which maintains the register condition.

Abstract: A composite reinforced plastic pipe and method of making the same are disclosed wherein a resin impregnated surfacing mat is formed into a tubular inner liner on a mandrel or the like, a plurality of resin impregnated continuous fiberglass strands are helically wound upon the inner liner to form an inner layer, a sand-resin composition is applied onto the inner layer to form a tubular core, and an outer layer of resin impregnated continuous fiberglass strands are helically wound upon the tubular core whereafter the composite pipe is cured to provide a pipe having high resistance to internal and external pressures.

Abstract: Gas-shielded, arc welding apparatus for securing a tube to the sidewall of a pipe or the like and facilitating removal of the welding apparatus after completion of the weld includes a locating fixture adapted for clamping engagement with the pipe and for positioning a welding head with rotary guide means coaxially aligned with the tube, a welding torch assembly being supported for rotation upon the guide means and supplied with power during rotation for welding the tube to the pipe.

Abstract: An alternate target configuration is disclosed for a pinball game apparatus or the like, where two adjacent targets are mounted within a frame on the underside of the apparatus playfield, each adapted to move through a playfield opening between an exposed position above the playfield and a hidden position below the playfield. A linkage including an elongated member medially pivoted to the frame in the fashion of a seesaw is connected at its opposite ends to the respective targets, preferably when one target is exposed and the other target is hidden. The linkage is effective to shift both targets simultaneously from one alternate target position to another alternate target position where the other target is exposed and the one target is hidden. A spring toggles the seesaw linkage resiliently to the extreme limit of travel in each alternate target position.

Abstract: A switch arrangement for interruption of an electrical current in a circuit with a large self-induction. One application of the switch arrangement is for systems where energy stored in an inductor is to be transferred to a load. In this case, the switch arrangement is coupled in parallel with the load. The switch arrangement consists of a current interrupting means and a plurality of thyristors being connected in series in their forward direction. A circuit comprised of a plurality of serially connected sets of a resistor and a nonlinear element is connected in parallel with the serially connected current interrupting means and thyristors, the nonlinear element impeding flow of current through it when the voltage, or the time integral of the voltage thereacross is small, and more fully allowing current to flow therethrough when the voltage, or the time integral of the voltage is large. One of the resistor-nonlinear element sets is associated with one of the thyristors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a holding device for cup-shaped glassware articles in a glass processing machine, especially in a bursting and grinding machine, wherein the cup is placed into the holding device prior to commencement of the processing operation. The cup is retained during processing of the articles in the holding device which comprises a cup-shaped holding element the cavity of which receives said cup. The base portion of the cup may be engaged by a rotating holder of said glass processing machine, and the marginal inner face of said holding element mounts means for retaining cup as it is transferred from station to station in the machine.

Abstract: A slot machine type amusement apparatus having random control means for possibly advancing one or more drums bearing symbols a fractional turn following a playing cycle in which no winning combination of symbols was displayed and in which the control means was randomly actuated, so as to cause to be displayed a different combination of symbols, thereby according the player an additional opportunity to win a prize.

Abstract: A digital communication system is disclosed for communicating among two central consoles and a plurality of local controllers, such as may be used in a radiation and monitoring system and the like. Communication occurs between each of the consoles and all of the local controllers via dual paths, each of which comprises a bidirectional duplex two wire communication link. Each path is independent of the other and each extends from one of the consoles to all of the local controllers from opposite directions, thereby forming a unique noncontinuous loop. Command messages from the consoles are processed by all controllers and response messages are made by only the addressed controllers and are not processed by other controllers. Reflected messages in the opposite direction are ignored by all controllers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for developing a series of synchronizing pulses related to a series of input pulses of variable amplitude above a background noise level. A first signal is developed proportional to the derivative of the rising or falling portion (or both) of each of the input pulses. A second signal is developed related to the first signal and having a decay characteristic such that the amplitude of the second signal becomes equal to the amplitude of the first signal at a threshold point which is proportional to the amplitude of the first signal. The synchronizing pulses are developed related to respective threshold points whereby the phase of the synchronizing signal is not dependent on the amplitude of the input pulses.

Abstract: A composite reinforced plastic pipe having an integral bell end and method for making the same are disclosed wherein the composite pipe has a resin impregnated surfacing veil liner, a first resin impregnated continuous fiberglass strand reinforced layer coaxial along the inner liner, a sand-resin core layer formed along the cylindrical portion of the pipe but not on the bell end, a resin impregnated surfacing mat formed coaxially along the length of the exposed first fiberglass strand reinforced layer on the bell end and along the core layer, and an outer resin reinforced roving layer formed coaxially along the full length of the pipe, the composite pipe being cured to form a high strength pipe having uniform radial stiffness and improved resistance to water migration.