Abstract: A hard, transparent optical coating is formed on selected substrates by a deposition process in which carbon gas is quenched by and condenses on the substrate surface. The coating consists of one of the crystalline linear carbon forms, collectively known as carbynes, characterized by its hardness, stability, high refractive index and low optical absorption. The principal applications of the coating are for protective optical layers, and as antireflection or optical corrective films.

Abstract: Metals constituting the matrix of carbon (graphite) filament reinforced composites are alloyed with titanium and boron to prevent or reduce the migration of the titanium-boron coating applied to the filaments prior to their impregnation with the metal matrix materials.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the elemental composition of materials in concentrations as low as a few atoms, or molecules, per cubic centimeter. When introduced into a gas stream containing an excess of an energetic metastable species of nitrogen or noble gas, the material, if atomic, is rapidly and repeatedly excited, or, if molecular, it is decomposed and subsequently certain component atoms of the molecule are excited, and thereupon fluoresce at their characteristic wavelength(s). The wavelength(s) and intensity of the emitted light (fluorescence) are determinative respectively of the identity and the concentration of the atoms of the different elements present.

Abstract: Laser emission from rare gas-halogen molecules, particularly krypton fluoride, is produced by a chemical reaction initiated by an efficient, high-power, high repetition-rate, fast electric discharge device transferring energy directly to a body of the gas in a laser cavity. The discharge device is of Blumlein parallel plate condensor/conductor type in which the condensor plates and their separating dielectric are uniformly compressed within an evacuated chamber by the force of the external atmospheric pressure.