Abstract: This system measures features or objects each represented by an image by scanning the image in a line scan raster and processing the resulting video signal to determine measurement parameters describing each feature. The system practices methods for obtaining the measurements from signals generated from line intercepts of individual or groups of features. Signal information defining the position of line intercepts intersecting the features, or topological points of each feature is obtained. This information is related to X and Y coordinates and is stored for subsequent use to generate index signals at respective positions in the scan format relating to the stored positions of the X and Y coordinates. The index signals are used to read measurement parameter information from measurement logic or memory.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for extracting measurement data from single or multiple fields of scan. Techniques are disclosed for obtaining alignment of data extracted from different fields of scan of the same image and for performing multiple fields of scan to extract data. Communication and control means are disclosed to permit the selection of a wide range of measurements using a keyboard and for the rapid presentation of data on a cathode ray tube display.

Abstract: Described are techniques for extracting indexing data from images scanned in a television raster format and for processing a wide variety of measurement data from images during or subsequent to the scanning operation for determining measurement parameters related to image features. Techniques are described for extracting data at specific multiple points of a feature and correlating the multiple point data from the feature during subsequent data processing. Systems and techniques are also described for storing and indexing data.

Abstract: Apparatus for and method of forming ophthalmic lenses and/or semi-finished lens blanks including those of the eye contact type. The apparatus includes molds having cooperating first and second members each of which includes a longitudinal axis and a mold surface which is symmetrical with respect to such axis. In one embodiment these mold members or halves also include cooperating surfaces which, in operation and in cooperation with the selected lens material, both align the respective mold axes and axially position the mold surface of the first member with respect to the mold surface of the second member to thereby form the desired lens mold cavity. Further, each of the assembled molds also includes an annular reservoir which surrounds the mold cavity and is defined by surfaces provided on the first and second mold members. This reservoir is connected to the mold cavity via an annular restriction.

Abstract: An ophthalmic instrument is constructed with an aligning axis for aligning the instrument to the cornea of an eye and first and second operating modes. The first operating mode measures the corneal curvatures in two orthogonal planes and the second operating mode examines at least the surface of the cornea. The instrument has an eyepiece, an imaging system, and a reflecting system. The eyepiece is disposed on the aligning axis. The imaging system has an axis that is displaced from and substantially parallel to the aligning axis and is used in the first and second modes. The reflecting system displaces an image from the aligning axis to the optical axis and provides an erect image of the displaced image at the eyepiece in the second mode.

Abstract: A luminaire having an aperture provides first and second zonal illumination areas. A reflector is disposed about a light source for reflecting a first portion of light emitted from the light source through a first zone of the aperture. A deviator is disposed within the reflector for permitting passage of the first portion of light and for directing a second portion of light emitted from the light source through a second zone of the aperture.

Abstract: Apparatus for and method of forming a surface on, for instance, a contact lens. The apparatus includes first and second movable members. The first member is pivotally connected to suitable support structure for rotation about a first axis. The second member, which supports a cutting tool, is pivotally connected to the first member for rotation about a second axis. This second axis is offset from the first axis so that it (the second axis) rotates or pivots about the first axis when the first member is rotated. The apparatus also includes a cam surface and a cam follower. In the first embodiment the cam follower is located on the second member and the cam surface is located on a cam or third member which is pivotally connected to the support structure for rotation about a third axis. This third member is also interconnected with the first member so that rotation of the third member rotates or pivots the first member about the first axis.

Abstract: A lighting panel used to control locally unidirectional light is constructed from a plurality of light modifying elements that substantially control the distribution of light within a control range. Each element is disposed in the panel to receive the unidirectional light and has a surface configuration for critically reflecting the received light and for refracting the initially reflected light upon leaving the elements into the control range.

Abstract: A lighting panel used to control locally unidirectional light is constructed from a plurality of light modifying elements that substantially control the distribution of light within a control range. Each element is disposed in the panel to receive the unidirectional light and has a surface means for critically reflecting the received light and for refracting the initially reflected light upon leaving the elements into the control range.

Abstract: A lighting panel used to control locally unidirectional light passing therethrough is constructed from a plurality of light modifying elements for substantially controlling the distribution of light within a control range. Each element is constructed to critically reflect the collimated light and then refract the reflected light into at least two peak lighting intensities within the control range.

Abstract: A system and method of counting and analyzing each image of a plurality of features by minimizing the paralysis angle associated with each feature whose image is being analyzed by line-to-line scanning techniques is disclosed. The system and method involves the temporary storage of the X-coordinates of the boundary intercepts of each feature along one line scan and then selecting the last-to-occur of such intercepts to generate in memory a modified binary video signal to define the trailing edge of the feature. The modified video signal is stored one line scan and compared with the next real time line scan video signal in a manner such that the trailing edge data very accurately represents the actual position of the trailing edge of the feature.

Abstract: An ophthalmic instrument support is provided for supporting a container enclosing a portion of the ophthalmic instrument. The support includes a base, movable support apparatus and control apparatus for controlling the positioning of the movable support apparatus relative to the fixed support apparatus. The movable support apparatus permits pivotal movement of the container relative to the base when activated and inactivated by control apparatus.

Abstract: A recorder segment electrode assembly is pivotably mounted to an access cover of an electrographic recorder in such a manner that the segment electrode assembly is in a first protected and inoperative position when the cover is open. When the cover is closed, the segment electrode assembly is caused to pivot to a second extended and operative position in contact with recording paper.

Abstract: A recording medium drive roller and a wrap roller are mounted to a cover for an electrographic printer and cooperate to enable the recording medium to be easily loaded into the printer when the cover is open, and to provide proper tension to the paper when the cover is closed to permit uniform and aligned feeding of the recording medium from the source during operation of the printer.

Abstract: Image analysis techniques permit the measurement of a wide variety of parameters of the image being analyzed. This invention is specifically concerned with the measurement of parameters related to the amplitude of the video signal. Measurement related parameters include density, absorbance, transmittance, and reflectance of a particular sample. Techniques employed analyze the amplitude of a video signal over a predefined area and process this on a point-by-point basis to produce the desired measurement with exceptional accuracy.

Abstract: An electrical circuit for use in a contact lens care unit for disinfecting lenses includes two thermostats one of which is manually set to electrically energize a heating device for disinfecting lenses and an indicator element for providing visible representation of the operational state of the unit. The second of which thermostats automatically energizes to provide a parallel electrical energizing path to the indicator for a period of time after the first thermostat automatically deenergizes the heating device. The indicator is thereby continually energized throughout a complete contact lens care cycle to provide prominent representation of the operational state of the unit.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for disinfection of hydrophilic contact lenses by controlled exposure of the lenses to heat. In the apparatus is a compartment formed by a heat storage-transfer combination. The compartment forming combination is heated by means of a heating element. The heat is transferred to a contact lens carrying case received in the compartment. The heat is maintained at temperatures and for a period of time sufficient to disinfect hydrophilic contact lenses contained in the carrying case.

Abstract: A luminaire having an aperture provides first and second zonal illumination areas. A reflector is disposed about a light source for reflecting a first portion of light emitted from the light source through a first zone of the aperture. A deviator is disposed within the reflector for permitting passage of the first portion of light and for directing a second portion of light emitted from the light source through a second zone of the aperture.

Abstract: Measuring apparatus using the vernier fringe concept of measurement to provide a precise digital numeric indication of displacement between two relatively movable members. The apparatus includes an accurately ruled grating or scale, a housing for supporting the scale, a transducer and a transducer support housing. The housing is secured to a flat mounting surface provided on one of the two relatively movable members while the transducer support housing is secured to the other of the two relatively movable members. The transducer includes an index grating supported on a movable carriage which rides on the scale and is held in engagement with the scale by a cantilever spring element. In order to insure readings accurate to 0.0001 inch, the housing is designed so that it holds the scale in close conformity with the flat mounting surface against which the housing is secured.