Abstract: A system and method of providing incremental updates for a geographical data set for use in navigation systems. The system and method include organizing updates of geographical data set into a series of transactions. Each of the transactions includes a transaction identifier that uniquely identifies the transaction, and n steps to be applied to the geographical data set to complete the transaction. All the steps of the transaction are required to be successfully applied in order for the transaction to be completed, otherwise, the entire transaction is not applied.

Abstract: A program and method for route calculation for use with a navigation system and used with a map database that represents a road network in a geographic region. A route calculation program is adapted to find at least one solution route between a first location on a road network and a second location on the road network. The route calculation program includes a first search tree associated with the first location and a second search tree associated with the second location. Each search tree is adapted to hold gates. Each of the gates represents a physical position on the road network and a direction from the position to another location along a path on the road network. The route calculation program also includes at least one priority queue associated with one of the search trees. The priority queue assigns a priority to one of the gates in the associated search tree based upon an evaluation using a search algorithm.

Abstract: An improved system and method for specifying physical locations when using applications run on navigation systems or other computer platforms that provide navigation- or map-related functions. When requesting a navigation- or map-related function from such an application, a user specifies a physical location using a keyword instead of specifying the physical location conventionally, such as by street address. A keyword database relates keywords to physical locations. The application uses the keyword database, or a copy thereof, to find data indicating the physical location associated with the keyword specified by the user. Preferably, physical locations are defined in the keyword database in terms of data in a corresponding navigable database. The application then performs the requested navigation- or map-related function using the data indicating the physical location associated with the keyword. The keyword database is built using input from users.

Abstract: Methods for comparing three-dimensional space curves are provided. Such methods are particularly useful for map matching in in-vehicle navigation systems as well as for other applications that require accurate positioning of the vehicle with respect to the underlying map data referenced by the system. Additionally, they are useful in measuring and/or evaluating the accuracy of a geographic database. Two angles that define the angular orientation of a three dimensional space curve are determined at corresponding locations for each of a first space curve and a second space curve. The variance of the relationship between the angle pairs at corresponding locations along the first and second space curves is utilized to determine the similarity between the first and second space curves despite any spatial translation and angular rotation between the first and second space curves.

Abstract: A geographic database for use with a navigation application program that provides navigation features to an end-user. The geographic database includes a plurality of data records of a first type and a plurality of data records of a second type. The plurality of records of the first type are organized into a plurality of parcels, each of which includes a plurality of data records of the first type and the plurality of records of the second type are organized into a plurality of parcels, each of which includes a plurality of data records of the second type. The parcels of data records of the first type are interleaved with the parcels of data records of the second type. This interleaving enables navigation functions that use these different types to access these different types more quickly and efficiently, thereby enhancing navigation system performance.

Abstract: A navigation system provides a user thereof with warnings or advisories about toll gates that require exact change. The warnings or advisories are provided when the navigation system calculates a solution route to a destination specified by the user. The warnings or advisories are also provided when the user queries the navigation system about a particular specified portion of a road. The navigation system uses a geographic database that includes data about roads in a geographic region. The geographic database includes data about toll gates located along portions of roads including data about whether a toll gate along a portion or a road requires exact change.

Abstract: A data construction for storing data efficiently and a method for forming and using the data construction is disclosed. The method comprises representing a set of actual data values from an original source of data with an alternative representation. One or more parameters of a formula are determined to approximate the set of actual data values in the original source of data. For each actual data value in the original source of data, the difference between the actual data value and the value predicted therefor by the formula is determined. The difference for each actual data value is stored in a data construction on the medium along with the one or more parameters. The alternative representation preserves the information content of the actual data values from the original source of data while reducing the storage requirements for storing the information on a medium.

Abstract: A feature implemented on a navigation system in a vehicle whereby the user of the vehicle selects one or more types of audio programs and associates each type of audio program with a specific location along a predetermined route. As the vehicle is being driven along the route, audio programs of the types selected by the user are obtained and stored in a memory. When the vehicle reaches the location associated with one of the selected types of audio programming, the stored audio program of the selected type is presented to the user.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed that make a navigation system easier to use. According to one aspect of the disclosed system and method, an end-user is permitted to define at least one preferred cities list. The cities included on the preferred cities list are selected by the end-user from all the available cities that are represented in the geographic database used by the navigation system. Thereafter, when the preferred cities list is in use and the end-user operates the navigation system to provide a function that requires that the end-user make a selection of a city, the end-user is presented with a list of the cities from the preferred cities list instead of all the available cities represented in the geographic database used by the navigation system. The preferred cities list is not restricted to cities, but may also include any kinds of places or administrative areas.

Abstract: A feature provided by a navigation system or a navigation services provider provides navigation-related services for plural users who have related needs. In one embodiment, a first user specifies a type of place at which to meet a second user who is at a location some distance away from the first user. The navigation feature identifies one or more places of the specified type that are convenient for both users to travel to. The navigation feature may also provide the users with instructions for traveling to a selected place.

Abstract: A feature for a motor vehicle that includes a navigation system and one or more safety systems that detect an area around the vehicle. The navigation system uses geographic data and the one or more safety systems also use geographic data. The feature advises the vehicle driver to travel along roads that are represented by data that enables operation of the one or more safety systems. According to one embodiment, when the navigation system is requested to calculate a route to a destination, the navigation system favors roads that are represented by geographic data that enables operation of the one or more of the safety systems. According to another embodiment, the feature is implemented interactively, while the vehicle is being driven, by indicating which paths ahead of the vehicle are favored as being represented by data that enables operation of the one or more safety systems.

Abstract: A navigation system feature that provides information about bicycle traffic and/or travel by bicycle. According to one aspect of the disclosed subject matter, a navigation system uses a geographic database to provide navigation-related features, such as route calculation and route guidance, for both motorized vehicles and bicycles. When providing navigation-related features for travel by bicycle, the navigation system evaluates the road segments for suitability for travel by bicycle. According to another aspect of the disclosed subject matter, a navigation system in a motorized vehicle provides warnings about actual and/or bicycle traffic around the motorized vehicle as the motorized vehicle is being driven. Using a geographic database that includes data about the locations of bicycle lanes and paths, the navigation system provides warnings as the motorized vehicle approaches a bicycle lane or path or otherwise is in proximity to a bicycle lane or path.

Abstract: A feature provided by a navigation system to provide guidance to a driver of a vehicle. The feature comprises multiple progress bars displayed on a display screen of the navigation system. The multiple progress bars feature is displayed when the vehicle is approaching a location at which a maneuver, such as a turn, onto a road is to be made and another road is close by and might be confused with the road onto which the maneuver should be made. One of the multiple progress bars represents the vehicle's approach toward the road onto which the maneuver should be made and the other of the multiple progress bars represents the vehicle's approach toward the road not to be taken. As the vehicle approaches both roads, the progress bars are updated indicating the vehicle's relative approach to both the road onto which the maneuver should be made and the road not to be taken.

Abstract: A method and system for use by driver assistance systems installed in a motor vehicle to continuously provide such systems with updated data about paths along roads onto which the motor vehicle can travel from a current position of the motor vehicle as the motor vehicle travels along said roads. The method includes accessing a database that contains data that represents segments of roads and intersections of a road network located in a geographic region in which the motor vehicle is traveling and determining one or more paths along roads onto which the motor vehicle can travel from a current position of the motor vehicle. Each path is extended out to a threshold. Data representing each of the paths is provided in an organized data structure for use by the driver assistance systems.

Abstract: A vehicle navigation system includes at least one game program that runs on the navigation system hardware and that uses the data in the geographic database to conduct a game session via a user interface of the navigation system.

Abstract: A navigation system includes a feature that allows a user to specify a type of point of interest at which the user wishes to make an intermediate stop while on route to a final destination. The feature identifies for the user one point of interest of the specified type at which an intermediate stop can be made while on route to the final destination, wherein a route to the final destination that includes an intermediate stop at the one point of interest takes less time than routes to the final destination that make an intermediate stop at other points of interest of the specified type.

Abstract: A data collection system is used by a researcher to collect data for a geographic database. The data collection system is transported by the researcher along roads in a geographic area. As the data collection system is being transported, the positions of the data collection system are determined. Programming in the data collection system recognizes a vocal command from the researcher. The data collection system stores data indicating a determined position with a type of data associated with the vocal command. The data obtained by the data collection system is displayed so that the researcher can add or modify data records in the geographic database. The data obtained by the data collection system is used to add data to or modify data in the geographic database.

Abstract: A data compression method and system that include the substitution of a substring of data characters located at a first position in a stream of data characters with a substitution code. The substitution code includes a reference to a previous position in the stream of data characters at which is located a substring of data characters that matches the substring of data characters which are being substituted located at the first position. The substitution code also includes an indication of the size of the substituted substring. The reference in the substitution code is a backwards offset to the previous position relative to the first position. According to a further aspect, Huffman encoding can be applied to the backward offsets, the substring lengths, the consecutive literal character lengths, and the literal characters themselves to reduce the data requirement size.

Abstract: A feature provided by a data collection system that can be used by a database researcher is disclosed. As the database researcher travels through a geographic area and observes geographic features (such as roads), the database researcher uses the data collection system to collect and store data that represent attributes of the geographic features. The data collection system includes a feature whereby the database researcher can define a profile of one or more attributes of one or more geographic features. The profile is stored in a memory of the data collection system. Then, as the database researcher travels through the geographic area and new geographic features are encountered, the data collection system automatically applies these attributes to each new geographic feature, thereby eliminating the need on the part of the database researcher to separately specify each attribute of a newly encountered geographic feature.

Abstract: A data collection system and method match the positions of one or more cellular phones, or other types of wireless phones, to data indicating the locations of roads in a geographic area to derive data about phones located in vehicles traveling along the roads. The data about phones located in vehicles traveling along the roads are used for updating or refining a geographic database, traffic monitoring and reporting, or for other purposes.