Abstract: A layered composition which can be used in various processes has been developed. The composition comprises an inner core such as a cordierite core and an outer layer comprising a refractory inorganic oxide, a fibrous component and an inorganic binder. The refractory inorganic oxide layer can be alumina, zirconia, titania, etc. while the fibrous component can be titania fibers, silica fibers, carbon fibers, etc. The inorganic oxide binder can be alumina, silica, zirconia, etc. The layer can also contain catalytic metals such as gold and platinum plus other modifiers. The layered composition is prepared by coating the inner core with a slurry comprising the refractory inorganic oxide, fibrous component, an inorganic binder precursor and an organic binding agent such as polyvinyl alcohol. The composition can be used in various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion processes using a new family of zeolites identified as UZM-8HS are described. The UZM-8HS zeolite are derived from UZM-8 zeolites by treating the UZM-8 with a fluoro-silicate salt, an acid, etc. The UZM-8HS zeolites have unique x-ray diffraction patterns. These zeolites can be used in alkylation of aromatics, transalkylation of aromatics, isomerization of aromatics and alkylation of isoparaffins.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new family of crystalline aluminosilicate compositions designated the UZM-27 family. These include the species UZM-27P and UZM-27, which have unique structures. UZM-27P is an as synthesized layered composition, while UZM-27 is a calcined form of UZM-27P which has a three-dimensional structure.

Abstract: A process has been developed for producing a hydrocarbon component useful as diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks such as plant oils and greases. The process involves hydrogenating and deoxygenating, i.e. decarboxylating and/or hydrodeoxygenating the feedstock to provide a hydrocarbon fraction useful as a diesel fuel. An optional pretreatment step to remove contaminants such as alkali metals from the feedstock can also be carried out. If desired, the hydrocarbon fraction can be isomerized to improve cold flow properties.

Abstract: A catalyst useful for carbonylation of olefins has been developed. The catalyst comprises a palladium compound, e.g. PdIm4Cl2, where Im is imidazole and HCl dissolved in water or an alcohol. Carbonylation using this catalyst involves contacting an olefin stream preferably in a solvent such as o-xylene with the catalyst and carbon monoxide at carbonylation conditions to provide a carboxylic acid or an ester. When the catalyst solvent is water one can obtain an acid as the product, but when the catalyst solvent is an alcohol one obtains an ester as the product.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feed has been developed. The catalyst comprises a metal phosphide and promoter metal component as the catalytic component. At least a portion of the metal promoter component is deposited on the metal phosphide. The metal phosphide/promoter metal component combination is dispersed on a refractive inorganic oxide support. An example of this catalyst is where the metal phosphide is nickel phosphide, the promoter metal is molybdenum and the support is alumina. Methods of preparing the catalyst and hydrotreating processes using the catalyst are also described.

Abstract: A process for preparing beads of various compositions has been developed. The process involves preparing a reaction mixture of sources of framework elements of a molecular sieve. The reaction mixture can optionally contain molecular sieve seeds. Additional sources of the framework elements are added to give a concentration above the critical supersaturation limit thereby forming beads. Depending on the composition of the reaction mixture and the reaction conditions one can obtain beads which are substantially amorphous, to beads that are substantially crystalline molecular sieve. These beads in turn can be further processed to deposit a molecular sieve layer onto the beads.

Abstract: A dehydrogenation process using an improved noble metal containing catalyst is disclosed. The catalyst comprises a non-acidic molecular sieve having a three-dimensional microporous framework structure of tin, aluminum and silicon tetrahedral oxide units. The non-acidic molecular sieve has a noble metal such as platinum dispersed thereon. The molecular sieve is rendered non-acidic by treating it with an alkali or alkaline earth metal. At least 10% of the tin is in a reduced oxidation state.

Abstract: A catalyst for selectively opening cyclic paraffins has been developed. The catalyst comprises a Group VIII metal, such as platinum, a modifier component, such as niobium or ytterbium, a molecular sieve, such as UZM-16 and a refractory inorganic oxide such as alumina. The Group VIII metal and modifier component are preferably deposited on the refractory inorganic oxide. A process for using the catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst and process for opening aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbons have been developed. The catalyst comprises a catalytic metal component, a molecular sieve and refractory inorganic oxide component. The molecular sieve is selected from the group consisting of MAPSOs, SAPOs, UZM-8, UZM-8HS, UZM-15, UZM-15HS, UZM-16, UZM-16HS and mixtures thereof. Preferred catalytic metals include platinum, palladium and rhodium. The catalyst may also contain a modifier such as niobium, titanium, or rare earth metals.

Abstract: A series of crystalline alumino-silicate zeolites identified as UZM-12 have been synthesized. These UZM-12 compositions have the ERI topology, a Si/Al>5.5 and can be prepared as nanocrystallites having an average particle size of about 15 to about 50 nanometers and a spheroidal morphology. The UZM-12 composition can be treated to remove at least a fraction of the framework aluminum atoms thereby providing zeolites with a Si/Al>5.75 and identified as UZM-12HS. Both the UZM-12 and UZM-12HS can catalyze various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: A catalyst for opening naphthenic rings has been developed. The catalyst comprises ruthenium and platinum as the active catalytic metals and a modifier with cerium being a preferred modifier. At least 50% of the platinum and ruthenium components are present as particles wherein more ruthenium is present on the surface of the particles than in the center. All of these components are dispersed on a metal oxide support such as aluminas. A ring opening process using the catalyst is also described.

Abstract: A process for preparing a layered composition has been developed. The composition comprises an inner core and an outer layer comprising a molecular sieve. The process involves providing a slurry comprising inner core particles and sources of the framework elements of the molecular sieve. To this slurry there are added nutrient(s), i.e. framework element sources thereby forming crystals of the molecular sieve which agglomerate onto the inner core. The process is carried out for a time sufficient to form a layer of desired thickness.

Abstract: A process for producing olefins from biorenewable feedstocks has been developed. The process comprises first pretreating the feedstock, e.g. vegetable oil, to remove contaminants such as alkali metals and then cracking the purified feedstock in a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) zone operated at conditions to provide C2-C5 olefins.

Abstract: A process for the production of methanol from methane has been developed. The process involves reacting methane with an oxidant such as oxygen or a peroxide in the presence of a catalyst and a solvent in a reaction zone to produce an effluent stream comprising a methanol product. The effluent stream is next separated into a gaseous stream comprising unreacted methane and carbon dioxide and a liquid stream comprising the methanol product and solvent. Next the gaseous stream is further separated to provide a methane stream which is recycled to the reaction zone. Finally, a methanol stream is isolated and a solvent stream is recycled to the reaction zone.

Abstract: A process and adsorbent for removing contaminants from silicone based solvents is disclosed. The process provides for cleaning a solvent for reuse, and regeneration of the adsorbent. The adsorbents are for adsorbing organic and inorganic compounds that have accumulated in the silicone solvents.

Abstract: A novel process for continuously mixing and reacting at least two fluids are disclosed. Excellent mixing and superior pressure drop characteristics are achieved using cyclone mixing where at least two supply channels feed a mixing chamber to create a vortex of the fluids to be mixed. The alignment of the supply channels is such that fluids are introduced into the chamber at both tangential and radial directions. In the case of gas/liquid mixing, particularly advantageous is the injection of the liquid stream tangentially and the gas stream radially. Reaction of the fluids can take place within the mixing chamber or in a separate reactor in fluid communication with the mixing chamber outlet. The process is especially useful for reacting potentially explosive mixtures of reactants where a homogeneous reactor feed mixture is critical to maintaining a non-explosive environment.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for the generation of hydrogen peroxide. The apparatus provides for the production of a large scale volume of hydrogen peroxide by the generation of a liquid bearing bubble cloud. The bubbles are generated with a tiny volume before flowing over the reactor bed to generate the hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for simultaneous cutting and cauterizing of tissue. The device comprises a cutting edge of a blade. The blade defines a channel within the blade wherein the outlet end of the channel is near the cutting edge. A catalyst is disposed near the outlet end. The channel carries a gaseous mixture to the catalyst where the mixture reacts in the presence of the catalyst and generated heat. The heat generated cauterizes blood vessels as the blade cuts through tissue.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for generating a high intensity localized heat. The device comprises a conduit defining a channel with a catalyst disposed near the end of the channel. The channel carries a gaseous mixture to the catalyst where the mixture reacts in the presence of the catalyst and generates heat.