Abstract: An acoustic to optical pulse code modulating transducer includes a microphone housing. An optical fiber is supported, by suitable means coupled to the housing, at a position displaced from one end of the fiber so that the one end is oriented within the housing. Electromechanical transducing means, coupled to the housing, support a diode light source. The light source and the optical fiber are so aligned that, when the electromechanical transducing means is unexcited, light from the source is directed through the first end to the optical fiber. An acoustic diaphragm is affixed to the housing. The diaphragm is coupled to the fiber at a point between the aforesaid position and the first end. The electromechanical transducing means is excited so that the light source is vibrated along a path perpendicular to the axis of the optical fiber. The light source is suitably electrically powered.

Abstract: The pressure of a gas in a closed vessel can be non-destructively read by irradiating the closed vessel with x-rays. The irradiated gases in the vessel emit x-rays characteristic of various gases within the vessel. The characteristic x-rays, which pass out of the vessel, are discriminated and their intensity count converted to a pressure reading.

Abstract: Lower extremities of two structural, component-carrying columns are affixed to two channel members that are coupled to a base frame. The columns, members, and frame form a free standing assembly. Two other channel members, coupled to a top frame, are affixed to the columns' upper extremities. Corner posts couple the top and bottom frames.A bus bar is supported within frames and corner posts by an insulated elongated steel member having a through bolt hole. Two insulating washers seat within the hole at opposite sides thereof. A metal bolt fits within the washers and hole. A nut engages with the bolt. A flat washer fits between the bolt and one washer.A plurality of bus bars carry and distribute current at a particular voltage at a first phase. A similar plurality carry and distribute current at other phases. All bus bars are oriented parallel to one another spaced interjacently: first phase, second phase, third phase, first phase, second phase, etc.

Abstract: High voltage control devices are provided comprising a housing, an aprotic liquid contained within said housing, means for effecting heat exchange with said liquid, at least two spaced electrodes contained within said liquid and each of said electrodes extending from said housing. These devices find utility as variable resistors, circuit breakers, theremostats, optical triggering devices, acoustic pulse generators and the like.

Abstract: During "ON" operation, the lengths of the arms of a toggle are essentially fixed; during "TRIP" operation, the length of at least one arm is effectively shortened. The toggle operates, in "ON" condition, with one arm pivotally coupled to a second arm about a fixed pivot point adjacent to a channel with respect to the second arm. In "TRIP" condition, the one arm is pivotally coupled to the other arm about at least one pivot point lying within the channel. A spring couples the two arms which are pivoted together: in "normal" conditon, one arm is pivoted about a substantially fixed point with respect to the other arm; in "TRIP" condition, one arm is pivoted about a locus of points with respect to the second arm distant from the substantially fixed point. A stationary contact is held by an insulated circuit breaker housing. A handle is pivoted about a fixed pivot point on the housing and is limited in arcuate motion by the housing.

Abstract: The denomination indicia contiguous with the Treasury seal on United States paper money can be located. Apparatus includes means for transporting the documents lengthwise along a course. Two reproduce heads, each having a like plurality of tracks oriented along a line substantially perpendicular to the direction of motion. Means associated with one head detect the leading edge margin of each document. Means responsive to the detection of the leading edge margin produce a set of timing pulses. A latch means responsive to the tracks of the first magnetic head upon receipt of one of the timing signals indicate the likelihood of a portion of the denomination indicia being in proximity thereto. Shift register means are responsive to the latch means. Clock pulses are applied for shifting the shift register during a time interval when the likelihood of a portion of the denomination indicia is in proximity to the first head.

Abstract: The electrical terminal includes an electrical contact and a resilient, generally U-shaped reinforcing member. The contact includes a strip of metal of flexible material having good electrical conductivity, a low coefficient of friction, and the oxide of which is a relatively good conductor. The contact has at least a portion formed as a generally U-shaped member with a bight portion and having arms more closely spaced at its free ends than in the region of the bight portion. The arms are flared outwardly at their free ends. The U-shaped member is formed with a plurality of recesses which extend from the free ends through the bight portion. The reinforcing member is arranged substantially without the U-shaped member contact and embraces the arms, and is formed of material which retains its resiliency when subjected to heat. The resilient member is formed of a plurality of recess engaging portions connected at ends thereof with the portions being adapted to nest, at least partially, within the recesses.

Abstract: A circuit breaker, having a latching mechanism and a solenoid senses current through a circuit. The sensed current is converted to a proportional voltage. A current rating plug and receptacle system, responsive thereto, provides a standardized voltage. The proportional voltage is applied across a resistor in series with parallel connected permanent shunt resistor and replaceable plug resistor. The standardized voltage is obtained across the parallel connection. A peak detector provides an approximate true peak value voltage of the standardized voltage. An instantaneous trip circuit, a ground fault detector, and both short term and long term delay circuits provide trip signals upon certain conditions. Upon the presence of any trip signal, an OR circuit provides a control signal to gate an SCR having a thermal switch coupled across its anode and cathode. A supply voltage is applied across a serial connection of the anode, the cathode, and the solenoid.

Abstract: A self-centering device supports a generally cylindrically shaped workpiece. A pair of parallel, substantially horizontal shares are mounted within a mounting frame and traverse an opening therewithin. A pair of rolling bearings are adapted for reciprocating movement axially along the two shafts, respectively, with a first connecting rod coupled to the two bearings, so that the resulting rod and bearings can be reciprocated in the direction parallel to the axes of the shafts. In similar fashion, two other rolling bearings are adapted for reciprocating movement axially along the shafts, respectively, with a second connecting rod coupled to the latter bearings so that the resulting rod and latter bearing combinations can be reciprocated in the direction parallel to the axes of the shafts. A first connecting rod bearing is adapted for reciprocating movement axially along the first connecting rod. A second connecting rod bearing is adapted for reciprocating movement axially along the second connecting rod.

Abstract: A high pressure sodium lamp, which includes a discharge tube enclosing xenon at pressures in excess of 300 torr, is reliably started by the combination of an igniter, a conductor wrapped around the discharge tube, and a switching circuit. The igniter provides periodic pulses of 2500 to 4000 volts with a duration of at least one microsecond. The switching circuit provides a high voltage pulse having an amplitude about equal to the amplitude of the periodic pulses and a duration much greater than the duration of the periodic pulses. The conductor intensifies the electric field within the discharge tube. A conventional lamp ballast provides ac power during starting and normal operation.

Abstract: Time delayed signals are produced by apparatus including an oscillator which provides signals at a constant frequency to a multi-stage frequency divider. One of the stages of the divider is selected and is applied to a multiple-stage frequency divider which provides signals at outputs of various stages thereof. At least a portion of the outputs of the various stages are utilized for controlling the selection of the stage applied to the multiple-stage frequency divider. A digital to analog converter, responsive to the outputs of the multiple-stage frequency divider, provides an analog output signal to a comparator. The comparator provides an output signal when the analog output signal is at least equal to a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: A one-piece molded elastomer splicer for permanent or temporary coupling of guided light between two optical fibers. Two cleaved fibers to be spliced are inserted into opposite ends of an elastic capillary tube somewhat smaller in diameter than the fibers, and pushed in until they meet in the center. Symmetrical elastic restoring forces automatically align the two fiber axes along the axis of the tube. When desired, the splicer can be transparent so that the resulting splice quality can be checked with a low-power microscope. Manual insertion of the fibers is possible with care, but a simple mechanical insertion jig is suggested. An optical fiber connector with built-in fiber-to-connector splice means connects two optical fibers with very low insertion losses even after many connect/disconnect cycles, with a simple and reliable means for installation in the field.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for starting high intensity discharge lamps utilizing a spiral line pulse generator to generate high voltage, short duration starting pulses. The spiral line pulse generator includes two conductors and two insulators, each in the form of an elongated sheet, in an alternating arrangement which is rolled together in a spiral configuration having a plurality of turns. A high voltage, short duration pulse is provided upon closure of a low inductance switch coupled between the conductors. The pulse is coupled to the discharge lamp by an elongated conductor located in close proximity to the discharge tube. The spiral line pulse generator can be included within the outer jacket of the light source.

Abstract: Programmable logic arrays can be formed utilizing emitter coupled logic. Input terminals and control terminals associated with a programmable logic array module are coupled to the input terminals of a predetermined set of OR circuit means within the module. The outputs of the OR circuit means are coupled to various input terminals of a number of AND gates within the module. The outputs of the AND gates are coupled respectively to output terminals associated with the programmable logic array. The OR circuit means and the AND gates are coupled together in an emitter coupled logic format.

Abstract: A digital line sensor includes a voltage sensor which receives transmission of unipolar pulses. A pulse former, coupled to receive the output of the voltage sensor, is coupled to an analog integrator, which, in turn, is coupled to an energy sensor, The digtial line sensor utilizes a comparator circuit for the voltage sensor and a Schmitt trigger for the energy sensor. The analog integrator includes a resistor between the output of the pulse former and the input of the energy sensor. One electrode of a diode is coupled to the output of the pulse former, the second electrode being coupled to the input of the energy sensor. A capacitor is coupled across the input of the energy sensor and a point of reference potential. The digital line sensor can include a first Schmitt trigger adapted to receive transmission of unipolar pulses, the inverted output of which is again inverted by an inverter. An analog integrator couples the output of the inverter to a second Schmitt trigger.

Abstract: A piezoelectric optical switch includes a piezoelectrical element having an optical fiber affixed thereto. A second optical fiber is placed in general proximity to the first optical fiber so that, upon application of a first voltage to the piezoelectric element, the optical fibers are caused to be aligned, and wherein upon application of a different voltage to the element, the optical fibers are caused to be nonaligned.The switch can include a nonpiezoelectric cantilever beam having a fixed end and a free end and adapted to be bent along an axis adjoining the two ends. One optical fiber is affixed to the beam. A plurality of optical fibers, each in general proximity to and each adapted to be selectively aligned with the one optical fiber, is provided. A piezoelectric bending element, having opposite ends coupled to fixed supports, has a medial portion coupled to the cantilever beam near the fixed end.

Abstract: Methods of and apparatus for generating precise reference voltages in a system utilizing a reference voltage V is disclosed including apparatus having a comparator, a voltage-to-current pulse converter having an input coupled to an output terminal of the comparator, a storage capacitor coupled across the output of the converter, and a point of reference potential, a buffer having an input coupled to the output of the converter, means for applying a reference voltage V to one terminal of a first capacitor while the second terminal of the first capacitor is coupled to a point of reference potential, means for decoupling the second terminal from the point of reference potential while the second terminal of the first capacitor remains coupled to an input terminal of a comparator, and means for applying the output of the buffer to a first terminal of the second capacitor wherein a second terminal of the second capacitor is coupled to the input terminal of the comparator.

Abstract: A holographic video disc system is described in which the baseband information for successive horizontal television line intervals is recorded as successive holograms of one-dimensional line images in a spiral track on the surface of a disc of material. A spiral guiding track is also formed in the surface of the disc immediately adjacent to the spiral track of holograms. The recording system includes a laser beam which is modulated with the baseband video information. The beam is divided into a reference beam and a data beam. A beam deflector scans the data beam through a chosen angle at the horizontal television sweep rate, while the reference beam is unaffected. The reference beam and data beam are intersected at the surface of a record medium and form a surface relief hologram on that surface.

Abstract: An optical cable connector includes a fiber connector plug and a mating connector receptacle.The plug, which receives an assembly including sheath and optical fiber, includes a generally cylindrical optical pin, a copression spring, a spring retainer nut, and a pin housing.The mating connector receptacle includes a housing, a circular shim, a photodiode housing assembly, and a retainer cap.

Abstract: A method for producing a device for sampling optical power carried along a transmission medium.Capillary tubing, cut to a fixed length, is machined to uniform outer diameter. Its ends are machined to a smaller diameter to accommodate end caps. The outer cylindrical surface is polished, and a length of optical fiber is inserted thereinto. The space between fiber and capillary is filled with transparent cement.Caps are cemented to the tubing ends. Protective sleeving is slipped over the optical fibers, the sleeving being inserted within orifices in the caps and cemented thereto. Shrink tubing, covering the end caps and protective sleeving, is heated. The tubing, with fiber, is cut at an angle into two sections.Both cut faces are ground and polished.