Abstract: The invention relates to the use of ratios, products and non-linear functions of adsorption, emission or scattering of light as variables in standard regression and chemometric techniques to predict a characteristic or property of a solid or liquid. The use of one or more non-linear functions within a relationship between measured spectral properties and characteristic properties of solutions and solids provides an improved means to determine a property when the intensities represent or relate to components that are colinear or interelated due to restraints associated with composition, chemical processes, or molecular structure. The invention relates to the use of ratios of Raman peak intensities to predict the properties of a solution or a solid such as pulp that is processed with the solution. The intensity of the Raman shifted light is used to create Raman peak intensity ratios. These Raman intensities are related to the concentration of species dissolved in the liquid.

Abstract: This invention relates to reducing bandwidth requirements for stereoscopic imagery and video signals. The invention comprises a method of producing two streams of images or signals for producing images, separately for the left eye and for the right eye. One image of each stereoscopic pair in the streams is of reduced quality relative to the other. On occurrence of a significant change in image content, or similar occurrence, the image quality of the two streams are switched or transposed, whereby the higher quality image is seen alternately by one eye and then the other. Intervals between switching are indeterminate, and such switching is continued for the duration of the streams of images or video signals.