Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently are n-alkyl groups having 2 to 8 carbons, or cyclo or branch-chained alkyl groups of 3 to 8 carbons; R.sub.3 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; X is S, O or N-R.sub.4 where R.sub.4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; Y is phenyl or a heteroaryl group selected from a group consisting of pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, and pyrazinyl; A is (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is 0-5, lower branched chain alkyl having 3 to 6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbons and 1 or 2 double bonds, alkynyl having 2 to 6 carbons and 1 or 2 triple bonds; B is hydrogen, COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, COOR.sub.5, CONR.sub.6 R.sub.7, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.8, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.8, CHO, CH(OR.sub.9).sub.2, CHOR.sub.10 O, --COR.sub.11, CR.sub.11 (OR.sub.9).sub.2, or CR.sub.11 OR.sub.10 O where R.sub.5 is an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbons, or a cycloalkyl group of 5 to 10 carbons, or R.sub.

Abstract: New furanone compounds have anti-inflammatory, immunosuppresive and anti-proliferative activity and are useful in treating psoriasis and modifying calcium homeostasis. A compound of the invention is 4-[3,6-dihydro-6-hydroxy-5-(3-phenylpropyl)-2H-pyran-2-yl]-5-hydroxy-2-(5H )-furanone.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition, preferably ophthalmic solution or ophthalmic suspension, useful for treating animals of the mammalian species, including humans, to reduce or maintain intraocular pressure in the eye contains as its pharmacologically active ingredient one or more compounds of the formula ##STR1## where X is O, S or NH; n is an integer with the values of 0, 1 or 2; when n is 0 then R.sub.1 is lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is H or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; when n is 1 or 2, then R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are methylene (CH.sub.2), or methylene substituted with an R.sub.5 group where R.sub.5 is lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently are H or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.6 is H or lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of disubstituted acetylene derivatives having retinoic acid like biological activity, wherein 6-ethynyl-chroman, 6-ethynyl-thio chroman and 6-ethynyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives of the formula shown below are reacted in the presence of catalysts with halogenated phenyl or heteroaryl derivatives of the formula shown below to provide the disubstituted acetylenes.In the formulae the symbols have the following meanings. R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are hydrogen or lower alkyl groups (of 1-6 carbons) where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: Retinoid-like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## where X is S, O, or NR' where R' is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R is hydrogen or lower alkyl; A is pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl; n is 0-2; and B is H, --COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, --CH.sub.2 OH or an ether or ester derivative, or --CHO or an acetal derivative, or --COR.sub.1 or a ketal derivative where R.sub.1 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.sub.3 where m is 0-4, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Retinoid-like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## where the R groups are independently hydrogen, or lower alkyl; A is --C(O)O--, --OC(O)--, --C(O)S--, or --SC(O)--; n is 0-5; and Z is H, --COB where B is --OH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or B is --OR.sub.1 where R.sub.1 is an ester-forming group, or B is --N(R).sub.2 where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, or Z is --OE where E is hydrogen or an ether-forming group or --COR.sub.2 where R.sub.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl or lower alkyl phenyl, or Z is --CHO or an acetal derivative thereof, or Z is --COR.sub.3 where R.sub.3 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.sub.3 where m is 0-4 and the sum of n and m does not exceed 4.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is H or alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, CO--R.sub.2, CO--O--R.sub.2, CO--NH--R.sub.2, or PO(OR.sub.2).sub.2 or PO(OR.sub.2)R.sub.2, where R.sub.2 independently is H, alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, phenyl, or lower alkyl substituted phenyl or halogen substituted phenyl; n is an integer between 8 to 14; Y is H, alkyl having 1-20 carbon atoms, aryl[lower alkyl], aryl, lower alkyl[aryl], alkenyl containing one or more olephinic bonds and 1-20 carbon atoms, CO--R.sub.3, CO--OR.sub.3, CONHR.sub.3, SO.sub.2 R.sub.3, SO.sub.2 NHR.sub.3 where R.sub.3 is aryl[lower alkyl], aryl, lower alkyl[aryl], alkenyl containing one or more olephinic bonds and 1-20 carbon atoms, further Y is PO(OH).sub.2, PO(OH)OR.sub.4, PO(OH)R.sub.4 PO(OR.sub.4).sub.2, where R.sub.4 is independently alkyl of 1-20 carbons or phenyl, have anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## whereR.sub.1 is H or alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, CO--R.sub.1 *, CO--O--R.sub.1 *, CO--NH--R.sub.1 *, or PO(OR.sub.1 *).sub.2, PO(OR.sub.1 *)R.sub.1 * where R.sub.1 * independently is H, alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, phenyl, or substituted phenyl;R.sub.2 is H or alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons;X is H, R.sub.3, CO--R.sub.3, CO--O--R.sub.3, CO--NH--R.sub.3, CO--N--(R.sub.3).sub.2, PO(OR.sub.3).sub.2, PO(OR.sub.3)R.sub.3, and R.sub.3 independently is H, phenyl, substituted phenyl, alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons or is alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons substituted with a hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, thioalkoxy or with a COR.sub.3 * group where R.sub.3 * is H, lower alkyl, OH, OR.sub.3 **, NH.sub.2, NHR.sub.3 ** or N(R.sub.3 **).sub.2 group where R.sub.3 ** independently is H or lower alkyl, with the proviso that when X is CO--O--R.sub.3 or is CO--NH--R.sub.3 then R.sub.3 is not hydrogen;Y is H, R.sub.4, CO--R.sub.4, CO--O--R.sub.

Abstract: Retinoid like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or lower alkenyl, A and B independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl cycloalkyl, lower alkenyl, SR* or OR* where R* is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or lower alkenyl; Y is lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, lower cycloalkyl, lower branched chain alkyl or (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is 0-6; and Z is H, --COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, --CH.sub.2 OH or an ether or ester derivative, or --CHO or an acetal derivative, or --COR' or a ketal derivative where R' is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl group containing 1 to 5 carbons.

Abstract: Novel anti-inflammatory furanone compounds have the following formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 independently is H, phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl substituted phenyl, halogen substituted phenyl, or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons and n is an integer having the values of 1 or 2, and where when n is 1 the R.sub.1 group is attached either to the 3 or to the 5 position of the 2-furanone, when n is 2 then R.sub.1 is attached to both the 3 and 5 positions, with the proviso that when n is 1 then R.sub.1 is not H; Y.sub.1 is H, alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, phenyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkenyl containing one or more olephinic bonds, PO(OH).sub.2, PO(OH)OR.sub.2, PO(OH)R.sub.2, PO(OR.sub.2).sub.2, where R.sub.2 is independently alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, phenyl, or halogen substituted phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl substituted phenyl, further Y.sub.1 is CO--R.sub.3, CO--OR.sub.3, CONHR.sub.3, SO.sub.2 R.sub.3, SO.sub.2 NHR.sub.3, (CH.sub.2).sub.p --O--R.sub.3, or (CH.sub.2).sub.p --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --O--R.

Abstract: Retinoid-like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## where X is S, O or NR'; where R' is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are hydrogen or lower alkyl with the proviso that R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 cannot both be hydrogen, A is pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl or oxazolyl; n is 0-5, and B is H, --COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, --CH.sub.2 OH or an ether or ester derivative, or --CHO or an acetal derivative, or --COR.sub.1 or a ketal derivative where R.sub.1 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.sub.3 where m is 0-4, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Methods and pharmaceutical formulations of alpha.sub.2 agonists and alpha.sub.3 antagonists which are useful in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) and treatment of intraocular hypertension. Co-administration of a therapeutic amount of alpha.sub.2 agonist with a potentiating amount of alpha.sub.3 agonist is effective in lowering IOP and treatment of intraocular hypertension.

Abstract: Novel oligonucleotides formed from .alpha.-D-arabinofuranosyl nucleoside monomers, including oligonucleotides in which one or more of the monomer units is functionalized, are disclosed herein, as well as functionalized monomeric .alpha.-D-arabinofuranosyl nucleosides and nucleotides. A generic formula for the oligomers is: ##STR1## in which B is a nucleotide base which will vary from one monomeric unit to the next in a preselected oligonucleotide sequence; R is phosphate, phsophorothioate, phosphoramidate, or alkanephosphonate; t is 1 for functionalized monomeric units and zero for the others; W is a chemical linker arm; A is a functional group; and n is the number of monomeric units in the oligomer. The oligomers are useful for diagnostic and chemotherapeutic uses. A novel reaction is also disclosed, in which an .alpha.-D-arabinofuranosyl nucleoside with exposed hydroxyls at the 2'- and 3'-positions is selectively protected at the 2'-position in a single reaction.

Abstract: Retinoid like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## R.sub.1 -R.sub.3 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or lower alkenyl, A and A.sub.1 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, lower alkenyl, SR.sub.4 or OR.sub.4 where R.sub.4 is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or lower alkenyl; Y is selected from a group consisting of thienyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl or oxazolyl; E is lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, lower cycloalkyl, lower branched chain alkyl, or is characterized by the formula (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is 0-5, and Z is H, OH, OR.sub.5, OCOR.sub.5, --COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.6, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.6, or --CHO, CH(OR.sub.7).sub.2, CHOR.sub.8 O, or COR.sub.9, CR.sub.9 (OR.sub.7).sub.2, CR.sub.9 OR.sub.8 O where R.sub.5 is lower alkyl, phenyl or lower alkylphenyl, R.sub.6 is lower alkyl, phenyl or lower alkylphenyl, R.sub.7 is lower alkyl, R.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 independently is H or alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, CO--R.sub.2, CO--O--R.sub.2, CO--NH--R.sub.2, or PO(OR.sub.2).sub.2 or PO(OR.sub.2)R.sub.2, where R.sub.2 independently is H, alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, phenyl, or lower alkyl substituted phenyl or halogen substituted phenyl; A is (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n ranges between 5 to 30, or A is a a divalent branch chained alkyl radical, or cycloalkyl radical, having a total of 5 to 30 carbons, and X is O or NH, have anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 independently is H or alkyl of 1 to 29 carbons, CO-R.sub.2, CO-O-R.sub.2, CO-NH-R.sub.2, or PO(OR.sub.2).sub.2 or PO(OR.sub.2)R.sub.2, where R.sub.2 independently is H, alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons, phenyl, or lower alkyl substituted phenyl or halogen substituted phenyl; A is (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n ranges between 0 to 30, or A is a a divalent branch chained alkyl radical, or cycloalkyl radical, having a total of 3 to 30 carbons; R.sub.3 independently is an alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbons, and X is O or NH, have anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition, preferably ophthalmic solution or ophthalmic suspension, useful for treating animals of the mammalian species, including humans, to reduce or maintain intraocular pressure in the eye contains as its pharmacologically active ingredient one or more compounds of the formula ##STR1## where X is O, S or NH; n is an integer with the values of 0, 1 or 2; when n is 0 then R.sub.1 is lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is H or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; when n is 1 or 2, then R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are methylene (CH.sub.2), or methylene substituted with an R.sub.5 group where R.sub.5 is lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently are H or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.6 is H or lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons.

Abstract: Retinoid like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein the R.sub.1 -R.sub.6 groups are independently H or straight chain or branched chain lower alkyl or cycloalkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; X symbolizes an ester or thioester linkage, Y is lower branched chain alkyl having 2 to 6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbons or is (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is an integer between 0 to 6 or is an alkenyl group of 2 to 6 carbons, and having 1 or 2 double bonds, or an alkynyl group of 2 to 6 carbons; and Z is H, OH, OR', OCOR', --COCH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, COOR.sub.8, COONR.sub.9 R.sub.10, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.11, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.11, CHO, CH(OR.sub.12), CHOR.sub.13 O, --COR', CR'(OR.sub.12).sub.2, or CR'OR.sub.13 O; where R' is an alkyl cycloalkyl or alkenyl group containing 1-5 carbons, R.sub.8 is an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons, or a cycloalkyl group of 5-10 carbons, or R.sub.8 is phenyl or lower alkylphenyl, R.sub.9 and R.sub.

Abstract: New 5-hydroxy-2-furanone compounds having anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and anti-proliferative activity and are useful in treating psoriasis and modifying calcium homeostasis.

Abstract: Retinoid-like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## where the R groups are independently hydrogen, or lower alkyl; A is --C(O)O--, --OC(O)--, --C(O)S--, or --SC(O)--; n is 0-5; and Z is H, --COB where B is --OH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or B is --OR.sub.1 where R.sub.1 is an ester-forming group, or B is --N(R).sub.2 where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, or Z is --OE where E is hydrogen or an ether-forming group or --COR.sub.2 where R.sub.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl or lower alkyl phenyl, or Z is --CHO or an acetal derivative thereof, or Z is --COR.sub.3 where R.sub.3 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.sub.3 where m is 0-4 and the sum of n and m does not exceed 4.