Abstract: A blast media for removing coatings from hard surfaces such as steel includes a major amount of a granular relatively soft abrasive having a Mohs hardness of less than 4 and a minor portion of a granular hard abrasive having a Mohs hardness of greater than 5.

Abstract: In one embodiment, this invention provides a smoking composition which contains a flavorant additive which releases menthol under normal cigarette smoking conditions.The menthol-release additive is a mixture of menthyloxycarbonylglucose compounds which include more than 35 mole percent of 1-O-menthyloxycarbonyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranose and more than about 20 mole percent of 1,6-di-O-menthyloxycarbonyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranose.

Abstract: This invention provides smoking compositions which contain a novel di-vanillyl ester flavorant-release additive.Under cigarette smoking conditions, a combustible filler and/or paper wrapper additive such as di-ethylvanillyl oxalate pyrolyzes and releases ethylvanillin as a volatile flavorant component of the cigarette smoke.

Abstract: This invention provides a class of nicotine analogs which as therapeutic agents exhibit tranquilizing effects in mammals.Illustrative of an invention nicotine analog is 3-[N-methyl-N-(3-aminopropyl)]aminomethylpyridine ##STR1## the nicotine analogs can exist in the form of acid addition salts.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for the production of novel smoking compositions which contain a benzofuranone flavorant additive, and further provides novel benzofuranone compounds as illustrated by the cis 6-phenyl-3a, 4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2(3H)-benzofuranone: ##STR1## Under normal cigarette smoking conditions, the benzofuranone additive in an invention smoking composition enhances the flavor and aroma of the mainstream and sidestream smoke.

Abstract: This invention provides novel .beta.-hydroxyesters which have utility as a flavorant-release additive in smoking compositions.Under cigarette smoking conditions, a combustible filler and/or paper wrapper additive such as ethyl 3-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylpropanoate pyrolyzes into vanillin and ethyl phenylacetate flavorants as volatile components of the cigarette smoke.

Abstract: This invention provides novel vanillyl 5-hydroxyesters, and smoking compositions which contain a vanillyl 5-hydroxyester as a flavorant-release additive.Under cigarette smoking conditions, a combustible filler and/or paper wrapper additive such as 4'-formyl-2'-methoxyphenyl 5-hydroxy-2-isopropylhexanoate pyrolyzes into vanillin and 2-isopropyl-5-hydroxyhexanoic acid delta lactone flavorants as volatile components of the cigarette smoke.

Abstract: This invention provides smoking compositions which contains a 6-substituted hexahydrobenzofuranone flavorant additive.Under cigarette smoking conditions the flavorant additive enhances the aroma and flavor of the cigarette smoke.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel class of nicotine analogs which as therapeutic agents exhibit tranquilizing effects in mammals.Illustrative of invention nicotine analogs are 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-2-(3-pyridyl)pyrrolidine: ##STR1## and (R,S)-6-(N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)nicotine: ##STR2## The nicotine analogs can exist in the form of acid addition salts.

Abstract: A process for preparing a stable 4-hydroxyacetophenone oil by mixing 4-hydroxyacetophenone with an aqueous hydroxylamine salt in the absence of added caustic, at a temperature of 50.degree.-100.degree. C., for about 10-60 minutes and then cooling the same is disclosed.

Abstract: Linear aromatic polyesters produce by melt polymerization of a bisphenol and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as terephthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid are end-capped during melt polymerization by the addition of phenyl benzoate to provide benzoate terminal groups.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aromatic polyester derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acid and bisphenol includes adding a phosphite stabilizer to reduce coloration and reduce loss of intrinsic viscosity of the aromatic polyester to a molten mixture of the monomeric reactants or prepolymer.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester composition comprising an aromatic polyester derived from terephthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid and a bisphenol and a stabilizer comprising dimercaptothiadiazole.

Abstract: A process for forming polyesters with reduced yellow coloration wherein the polyester-forming monomers are dried in a vacuum before being reacted. The reaction system itself contains a substantially deoxygenated atmosphere. The removal of oxygen from the reactants and the reaction system leads to the lessening of yellow coloration of the polyester product.

Abstract: Cis and trans-3-aryloxy-4-hydroxypyrrolidines and derivatives thereof having the formula: ##STR1## are disclosed wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, benzyloxycarbonyl and N-loweralkylcarbamoyl; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenylalkyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, N-loweralkylcarbamoyl, N-diloweralkylcarbamoyl and parafluorobenzoyl-lower-alkyl; Ar is phenyl, substituted phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 1-indenyl and 2-indenyl and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition and quaternary salts thereof. The compounds have antidepressant, antihypertensive and antiarrythmic activity in animals.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved catalyst for vapor phase oxidation of propylene or isobutylene to the corresponding acrolein or methacrolein product. In a preferred embodiment, the oxidation catalyst corresponds to the formula:Mo.sub.12 Ni.sub.6 Bi.sub.1.5-2.5 Co.sub.2 Fe.sub.2 Sb.sub.2 Zn.sub.0.3-0.8 K.sub.0.4-2 O.sub.xThis invention further provides a method of preparing the improved oxidation catalyst which in one important aspect of the preparation involves controlling the pH of an aqueous slurry admixture of catalyst components within the range of about 1-5.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved process for converting methanol into ethanol and ethanol precursors with higher efficiency than prior art methods. This invention further provides a novel heterogeneous co-catalyst system adapted for alkanol homologation which consists essentially of cobalt carbonyl and rhenium metal.