Abstract: The adhesion between a locomotive drive wheel and supporting rail can be substantially increased by application of a powder mixture that contains a hard particle constituent preferably including alumina, a soft particle constituent preferably including titania, and an iron oxide constituent. The mixture may be in the form of a dry powder, a paste with water or alcohol vehicle, or a metal composite that includes the powder.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 3, 1997
Date of Patent:
July 6, 1999
Assignees:
General Motors Corporation, National Research Council of Canada
Inventors:
Harinder Singh Lamba, Robert Thomas Scott, Joseph Kalousek, Keping Hou
Abstract: A method is disclosed for equalizing the electrical resistance of two or more magnetoresistor sensor elements positioned on a permanent magnet in a sensor assembly. The method may utilize a laser to reduce the magnetic field of the portion of the permanent magnet underlying the sensor with the higher electrical resistance.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 28, 1997
Date of Patent:
June 29, 1999
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
Thaddeus Schroeder, Thomas Arthur Perry, Martin Stephen Meyer, Bruno Patrice Bernard Lequesne
Abstract: A multi-fabric layer, resin matrix laminated composite tube is disclosed having an end portion adapted for crush initiation by the provision of slits in the fabric of at least the innermost fabric layers of said tube, the lengths of said slits preferably decreasing in progressively outer fabric layers of the laminated material.
Abstract: This invention provides an improvement to magnetostrictive torque sensors giving an output signal indicative of the torque applied about the axis of a shaft where the shaft includes a magnetostrictive ring, attached to or formed as a part of the shaft so that the torque applied to the shaft is applied proportionally to the ring, and the ring consists essentially of novel composites consisting of magnetically hard and highly magnetostrictive rare earth (iron).sub.2 binary compound particles embedded in Cu, Fe, or other suitable metals.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 21, 1997
Date of Patent:
May 25, 1999
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
Frederick Eugene Pinkerton, Jan Francis Herbst, Tenneille Weston Capehart, Thomas Arthur Perry, Martin Stephen Meyer
Abstract: A method for assembling a permanent magnet ring on a rotor body for an electric motor or generator where the body has a higher coefficient of expansion than the permanent magnet ring includes the steps of sizing the internal diameter of the ring for the greatest thermal expansion of the rotor and introducing longitudinal grooves in the rotor surface uniformly spaced about its circumference to accommodate the expansion of the adhesive used to bond the ring to the rotor.
Abstract: An improved friction material may be made having reinforcing fibers aligned generally perpendicular to the friction surface of said material by forming a paper of fibrous friction materials such that the fibers in the paper are aligned closely to the longitudinal axis of the paper and then folding or cutting the paper into pleats or strips such that the pleats or strips are bonded together with the edges defining the friction surface of the friction body and the fibers perpendicular to that surface.
Abstract: An electrically-conductive epoxy resin is disclosed having stable joint resistance over extended operating times and high impact strength where the resin is based on a silver flake-filled polymeric reaction product of a liquid bisphenol A having very low hydrolyzable chlorine content and suitable polypropylene oxide-based primary amine curing agents.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 23, 1998
Date of Patent:
April 6, 1999
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
Rafil Abdulkadir Basheer, Michael Stephen Zwolinski
Abstract: A magnetic field sensor is described that has a 0.25-0.6 micrometer thick magnetically active layer of very high electron mobility that consists essentially of epitaxial indium antimonide. The indium antimonide layer is disposed on a 0.03-1.0 micrometer thick buffer layer of In.sub.1-x Al.sub.x Sb, where "x" is about 0.01-0.2, that is substantially lattice-matched to the indium antimonide active layer.
Abstract: A powertrain has a planetary transmission with two simple planetary gearsets interconnected between an input shaft and an output shaft. The planetary gearsets are controlled to establish five forward speed and torque ratios and one reverse speed and torque ratio by selective engagement of three clutches and two brakes.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 8, 1997
Date of Patent:
March 9, 1999
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
Sekhar Raghavan, Kumaraswamy V. Hebbale, Patrick Benedict Usoro
Abstract: Vapor-grown carbon fibers from methane produced in globular clumps of individual fibers of about 0.5 to 50 micrometers in length are rendered infiltratable and wettable with molten plastic for composite molding article manufacture by careful ball milling to reduce the clump size to a dimension of no greater than about 0.3 millimeters without reducing the average fiber length to less than about 20 percent of the original fiber length.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 21, 1997
Date of Patent:
December 29, 1998
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
John Joseph McHugh, Gary George Tibbetts
Abstract: A method is disclosed for the production of magnesium in which a magnesium chloride (which may be partially dehydrated) and/or magnesium oxide-containing feedstock is reacted with an electrolyte consisting essentially of magnesium cations, lithium and/or calcium cations, and fluoride and chloride anions, whereby the magnesium chloride and/or magnesium oxide react with and dissolve in the electrolyte, and lithium or calcium initially is produced electrochemically and transiently at the cathode and reacts chemically with magnesium cations in the electrolyte to produce magnesium metal. Thus, the method essentially involves a first electrochemical step to produce lithium or calcium metal and a subsequent second chemical step in which lithium or calcium reacts with magnesium fluoride in the electrolyte to produce magnesium metal.
Abstract: An intumescent thermoplastic elastomer molding composition is disclosed that includes high density polyethylene with chlorinated polyethylene and/or silicone rubber; a heat stabilizer for the thermoplastic elastomer material and an intumescent and fire-resistant additive for the thermoplastic elastomer, whereby moldings prepared from such mixture have good physical properties over a substantial range of ambient temperatures and display a resistance to flame and heat as characterized by the Intumescence Efficiency test of this specification.
Abstract: Magnesium hydroxide or mixtures of magnesium hydroxide and boron nitride applied, e.g., by spraying in a liquid vehicle onto surfaces of a sheet of a superplastic formable metal alloy facilitate the forming of such sheet material and the removal of the formed sheet material from the forming tool or die.
Abstract: Where a knitted cover is intended to be subjected to a heat treatment to stabilize or otherwise process the fabric, it is useful to form a knitted-in portion (in an unobtrusive portion of the cover) using a suitably heat-sensitive yarn so that such heat treatment indicator portion undergoes a visual and tactile change to reveal that the cover has been so treated.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 3, 1996
Date of Patent:
September 8, 1998
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
William E. Girard, Daniel J. Forest, Malcolm Frederick Proctor, Gerald Francis Day
Abstract: High strength to weight ratio, improved dimensional and surface quality hollow metal moldings are formed by injecting thixotropic, semi-solid metal billets as a "short shot" into a mold cavity; introducing an inert gas into the charge under pressure to force the metal into full and faithful contact with cavity surfaces and to form a hollow portion in the molding; maintaining the pressure of the gas on the charge in the cavity until the metal has solidified and then venting the gas for molded product removal.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 2, 1996
Date of Patent:
August 4, 1998
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
Venkatasubramanian Laxmanan, Robert James Hoye, Jayprakash Uttamchand Raisoni, Suresh Deepchand Shah
Abstract: The durability and reliability of a polymer layer/metal layer sensor structure is improved by the incorporation of a metal oxide, e.g., tantalum oxide (Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5), layer between the polymer, e.g., polyimide, and the metal, e.g., platinum. sensor element.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 4, 1996
Date of Patent:
July 14, 1998
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
Charles Robert Harrington, Marie Irene Harrington, Michel Farid Sultan, John Richard Troxell
Abstract: A seat suspension membrane is provided which consists substantially of a biaxially oriented film of a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer composition, which composition is characterized by substantially linear polymer molecules containing alternate rigid segments of diisocyanate short chain diol addition reaction products and flexible segments of relatively high molecular weight polyether diol or polyester diol segments and which is produced from a relatively soft film composition.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 27, 1997
Date of Patent:
July 7, 1998
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
Ismat Ali Abu-Isa, Craig Bryant Jaynes, Youssef Tishbi, Joseph John Zwolinski
Abstract: An improved friction material composite is disclosed that contains a fibrous reinforcing constituent, various friction imparting and controlling additives, and a thermosetting resin mixture in which mixture is contained pitch, a polyimide resin, and optionally a phenolic resin. Pitch-polyimide mixtures can be formulated to provide unusually high temperature resistance and strength and the pitch-polyimide-phenolic resin mixtures formulated to provide like properties at moderate cost.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 14, 1997
Date of Patent:
May 19, 1998
Assignee:
General Motors Corporation
Inventors:
Robert Anthony Lamport, Julie Mary Biermann-Weaver, Vinod Kumar Jain, Peter Teh-Kwang Shih
Abstract: Carbon nanotubes are produced by submerging carbonaceous anode and cathode electrodes in liquid nitrogen or other suitable liquefied materials such as helium or hydrogen, and passing a direct current between the electrodes to strike a plasma arc between the anode and cathode that erodes carbon from the anode and deposits carbon nanotubes on the surface of the cathode.
Abstract: A three-dimensional continuously weft knitted fabric cover characterized by a wale-wise orientated pouch and a method of knitting the same, in which a knitting pattern for knitting the fabric cover in a single operation is made by forming a two-dimensional development of the object and the pouch, determining the wale-wise direction for knitting, performing a geometric rearrangement on the two-dimensional development so that any non-horizontal edges to be joined together in the knitting operation have the same length, and said edges are biased at equal angles to the course-wise direction.