Abstract: Novolak resins are provided which are the condensation product of (a) a phenol, phenol derivative, or mixtures thereof, and (b) a mixture of formaldehyde or a formaldehyde precursor and (1) a monohydroxy aromatic aldehyde and wherein at least a portion of the hydroxyl groups thereof are esterified or (2) a mixture of at least one monohydroxy aromatic aldehyde and at least one non-hydroxylic aromatic aldehyde; the novolak resins having a hydroxyl number of from about 120 to about 180 grams of resin per equivalent of hydroxyl. The novolak resins are especially useful in positive photoresist formulations and have enhanced photospeed and film loss characteristics as well as improved thermal stability.

Abstract: A paper pulp refining and bleaching process wherein the pulp is treated in one or more refiners with a sodium hydrosulfite bleach liquor in the presence of a strong alkali such as NaOH, whereby the bleaching solution has an alkaline pH, preferably 10 to 12, and the pulp is discharged from the refiner at a pH of from about 5 to 6. The bleaching produces a brightness gain of at least 8 to 13 ISO points in the refiners. The process is preferably carried out by passing the pulp successively through a primary refiner at elevated pressure, a secondary refiner at atmospheric pressure and a bleaching tower, an alkaline hydrosulfite solution being fed to each.

Abstract: Novolak resins are provided which are the condensation product of (a) a phenol, phenol derivative, or mixtures thereof, and (b) a mixture of formaldehyde or a formaldehyde precursor and an aromatic aldehyde. When the aromatic aldehyde is a monohydroxy aromatic aldehyde, the novolak resin is especially useful in positive photoresist formulations.

Abstract: Photoresist compositions of this invention comprise a positive photoresist polymer, preferably a novolac polymer, a photoactive component (PAC) and a broadband dye additive with high aqueous alkaline solubility and selected from a dye of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, chloro, bromo and nitro moieties.

Abstract: Novel star-branched ionomers having at least three branches covalently bonded to a central linking moiety; each branch contains a long inner block comprising non-ionic mers and an outer block comprising at least two ionic mers. Elasticity is provided by the non-ionic blocks and the ionic outer blocks aggregate at room temperature but dissociate and higher temperature, giving the star-branched ionomers thermoplastic characteristics. Star-branched polymers may be provided by growing a first (outer) block as a linear polymer, growing a second (inner) block from the end of the living polymer, linking three or more such linear block polymers to a central linker compound and selectively ionizing the first blocks.

Abstract: Antidiarrheal compositions showing enhanced antidiarrheal activity comprise a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug compound and a polymeric hydroabsorptive agent. A patient in need of remedial or preventive treatment of diarrhea symptoms is administered an antidiarrheally effective amount of said antidiarrheal compositions.

Abstract: Compositions for stabilizing rigid (unplasticized) halogen-containing organic polymers against the deteriorative effects of heat, ultra-violet light and weathering comprise organotin or non-tin metal salt primary heat stabilizers in combination with esters of polyhydrocarbyl ether glycols.

Abstract: A highly sensitive, immunoassay method for determining the amount of an analyte in a sample containing a known analyte in an unknown concentration is provided. Sample; a polypeptide-labeled analog of the analyte, an antibody specific for said analyte, a polypeptide partner capable of non-covalently binding with the polypeptide-labeled analyte to form a complex having catalytic activity, and a substrate capable of being converted to a reporter molecule by the catalytic activity of said complex are brought together in a medium. The polypeptide-labeled analyte analog is capable of competitively binding to the antibody and the polypeptide partner, the antibody inhibiting the formation of a catalytically active complex in the absence of analyte, and the concentration of the antibody, polypeptide partner and polypeptide-labeled analyte are such as to cause varying amounts of analyte to be directly related to the conversion of the substrate to the reporter molecule.

Abstract: Novel forms for use in preparing artificial nails, comprise a flexible liquid-impermeable sheet material having a leading end, a trailing end and opposed lateral edges and having a well extending from the trailing end toward the leading end intermediate the lateral edges of the leading end, said well being adapted to receive a liquid artificial nail coating composition.

Abstract: Novel procedures for preparing artificial nails employing coating compositions which are cured in the presence of ultraviolet light to provide hard, flexible artificial nails having the general appearance of natural nails, which procedures can be used with the known prior art forms; and novel forms or molds for use in preparing artificial nails which are particularly useful with the aforementioned novel procedures but which can be employed with the prior art techniques for coating artificial nail compositions on a digit.

Abstract: The reaction product of silica gel or controlled pore glass and carboalkoxyalkyl silanes are suitable for use as packing in solid phase extraction columns for cleanup of urine samples for analysis of cannabinoids.

Abstract: A bonded phase silica product of the formula: ##STR1## in which ##STR2## is the backbone of a silica gel or controlled pore glass, X is selected from --O--, --S--, ##STR3## each R and R.sup.1 are each independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and --CH.sub.2).sub.m COOR.sup.3, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer of from 2 to 5, p is zero or one and m is an interger of from 1 to 4, is suitable for use in solid phase extraction for cleanup of urine samples for analysis of cannabinoids.

Abstract: Antidiarrheal compositions showing enhanced antidiarrheal activity comprise a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug compound and a polymeric hydroabsorptive agent. A patient in need of remedial or preventive treatment of diarrhea symptoms is administered an antidiarrheally effective amount of said antidiarrheal compositions.

Abstract: Sulfonic derivatives of N-acylated covalently bound, non-crosslinked polyethyleneimine bonded phase silicas of the formula: ##STR1## is the backbone of a silica gel or controlled pore glass, n is an integer such that the polyethyleneiminopropyl silane group has an average molecular weight of from about 400 to about 1800; q is an integer of zero or one; R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --(CH.sub.2).sub.x H or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m COOH where x is an integer of 1 or 2 and m is an integer of zero or 1; when R is hydrogen or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x H then R.sup.1 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.p COOH where p is an integer of zero or 1, and when R is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m COOH then R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or --(CH.sub.2).sub.y H where y is an integer of zero or 1, are especially useful as solid phases for the purification and separation of proteins having isoelectric points of below about 5.

Abstract: A bonded phase silica product of the formula: ##STR1## in which ##STR2## is the backbone of a silica gel or controlled pore glass, X is selected from --O--, --S--, ##STR3## each R and R.sup.1 are each independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and --CH.sub.2).sub.m COOR.sup.3, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer of from 2 to 5, p is zero or one and m is an integer of from 1 to 4, is suitable for use in solid phase extraction for cleanup of urine samples for analysis of cannabinoids.

Abstract: The invention relates to an antivibration support comprising, between two rigid elements, a box which defines two deformable chambers filled with liquid separated by a deformable partition and communicating with each other through a throttled passage. The partition is constituted by a diaphragm surrounded by a beading which is gripped between two perforated thin metal disks, the periphery of the first disk alone is overlapping and fixed to one of the rigid elements, and the passage comprises a curvilinear channel bounded by areas of the beading, of the first disk and of an elastic wall of the box.

Abstract: Apparatus for pumping/pressurizing fluid materials such as viscous liquid polymers in which a shaft is provided with one or more blades which extend into and rotate in one or more annular channels. Inlet grooves conduct the liquid material through grooves in the shaft into the channel behind each blade. The walls of the channel apply a drag force to the material and the advancing blade pressurizes the material which is forced through axial grooves in the shaft to another pumping channel, or to an outlet. Close running fits or dynamic seals between the shaft and its bearings provide seals at opposite sides of each channel.

Abstract: An extruder (2) comprising an extruder barrel comprising a plurality of barrel modules (4), each provided with an inner lining material (16), and at least one plate (6) is described. Such an arrangement facilitates assembly and dismantling of the barrel for replacement of inner parts. In a preferred embodiment, a plate (6) having an opening (26) passing therethrough and comprising projections (30) extending into said opening, is interposed between each two adjacent barrel modules (4), the openings of the plates (6) and internal surfaces of the barrel modules forming a substantially continuous passageway which provides an extrusion chamber (3).

Abstract: The reaction product of silica gel or controlled pore glass and carboalkoxyalkyl silanes are suitable for use as packing in solid phase extraction columns for cleanup of urine samples for analysis of cannabinoids.

Abstract: The clasp for a chain consists of three parts, of a casing bent to an U-shape, a plate-like locking member located between the flanks of the casing and pivotably supported by a pin. The locking member has at one of its ends a hook and at the opposite end an eyelet. The pin has a rectangular cross-sectional shape and is supported in the casing in a nonrotatable manner. A rectangular opening located in the locking member opens into a slot which forms a resiliently flexible tongue abutting the opening. A pivoting movement of the locking member within the casing liberates the insertion opening otherwise closed off by an edge area of the casing. Because the eyelet as well as the hook are located at the locking member, a pulling force of the chain will be directly transmitted by this part and accordingly, there is no danger that the clasp will open when subject to a pulling force.