Abstract: The present invention provides a method for adding heat to a reactor system used to convert oxygenates to olefin, in which supplemental heat is added with a heating fuel, e.g., a torch oil, having low autoignition temperature, low sulfur, and low nitrogen content.

Abstract: A delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing shot coke. A coker feedstock, such as a vacuum residuum, is treated with an additive, such as a elemental sulfur, high surface area substantially metals-free solids, process fines, a mineral acid anhydride and the like. The treated feedstock is then heated to coking temperatures and passed to a coker drum for a time sufficient to allow volatiles to evolve and to produce a substantially free-flowing shot coke.

Abstract: A delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing coke, preferably shot coke. A coker feedstock, such as a vacuum residuum, is heated in a heating zone to coking temperatures then conducted to a coking zone wherein volatiles are collected overhead and coke is formed. A metals-containing additive is added to the feedstock prior to it being heated in the heating zone, prior to its being conducted to the coking zone, or both.

Abstract: Methods for the separation of sulfur compounds from a hydrocarbon mixture using an ionic membrane are provided. Preferred ionic membranes are Nafion®-type (polymers of perfluorosulfonic acid) membranes and derivatives thereof. Preferred applications include the removal of sulfur contaminants from light cracked naphthas.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for opening naphthenic rings of naphthenic ring-containing compounds, along with catalysts which can be used in that process. The ring opening is accomplished using a ring opening catalyst system which combines an Ir ring opening catalyst with a Pt and Pd catalyst. The combination of the Pt and Pd-containing catalyst with an Ir-containing catalyst incorporates desirable isomerization activity and also results in substantial ring opening activity that enables Ir to be loaded at a level that is substantially below that of Ir-only ring opening processes.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a method for reducing the amount of sulfur in hydrocarbon streams comprising the steps of: (a) contacting a hydrocarbon stream comprising hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds with an adsorbent selective for adsorption of said sulfur compounds, under adsorption conditions capable of retaining said sulfur compounds on said adsorbent and obtaining an adsorption effluent comprising a desulfurized hydrocarbon stream, (b) collecting said desulfurized hydrocarbon stream, (c) desorbing said sulfur compounds from said adsorbent by passing a desorbent through said adsorbent under desorption conditions to obtain a desorption effluent comprising sulfur compounds and said desorbent, (d) treating said desorption effluent to remove said sulfur compounds from said desorption effluent and collecting a desulfurized desorbent effluent comprising desorbent.

Abstract: A liquid atomization process comprises forming a two-phase fluid mixture of a liquid and a gas, under pressure, dividing the fluid into two separate streams which are passed into and through an impingement mixing zone in which they are impingement mixed to form a single stream of two-phase fluid. The mixed, single stream is then passed into and through a shear mixing zone and then into a lower pressure expansion zone, in which atomization occurs to form a spray of atomized drops of the liquid. The impingement and shear mixing zones comprise respective upstream and downstream portions of a single cavity in a nozzle. This is useful for atomizing the hot feed oil in an FCC process.

Abstract: Atomization of a high boiling point, hot liquid, such as a hydrocarbon feed oil for a fluid cat cracker, is enhanced by injecting subcooled water into the hot liquid, to form a two-phase fluid of the liquid and steam, upstream of the atomization. The hot liquid is at conditions of temperature and pressure effective for the injected, subcooled water to vaporize into steam, when the water contacts it. Typically this means that the hot liquid is hotter and at a lower pressure than the water. In an FCC process, the subcooled water is sparged into the flowing hot oil in a conduit in a riser feed injector. This produces a spray of hot oil in the riser reaction zone in which the oil drops are smaller and more uniformly distributed in the spray.

Abstract: A polymer nanocomposite composition having sufficiently low air permeability to be usefull as a tire inner liner, among other things, is prepared by blending a layered material with a metal processible non-ionic first polymer having a number average molecular weight greater than 50,000 g/mole and a second non-ionic polymer compatible with the first polymer and having a number average molecular weight less than that of the first polymer.