Abstract: A fixed magnetic layer contains a first magnetic layer formed on a non-magnetic metal layer. The non-magnetic metal layer is composed of an X—Mn alloy (where X is selected from Pt, Pd, Ir, Rh, Ru, Os, Ni, and Fe). While atoms forming the first magnetic layer and atoms forming the non-magnetic metal layer are being aligned with each other, strains are generated in the individual crystal structures. By generating the strain in the crystal structure of the first magnetic layer, the magnetostriction constant ? is increased. As a result, a magnetic sensor having a large magnetoelastic effect can be provided.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a lane detection system for a vehicle, having a camera for sensing the carriageway markings in front of the vehicle, and an evaluation unit for evaluating the data collected by the camera. Geometric data of known types of carriageway markings are stored in the evaluation unit, and the evaluation unit determines the type of sensed carriageway markings by comparing the sensed carriageway markings with the stored carriageway markings. The evaluation unit determines the velocity of the vehicle from the known geometric data of the sensed carriageway markings and their changes over time, which are sensed by the camera. The disclosure also relates to a method for operating a lane detection system.

Abstract: An electrically conductive resistive layer (26) is produced by thermally spraying an electrically conductive material (18) onto the surface of a non-conductive substrate (12). Initially, the material layer (14) arising therefrom has no desired shape. The material layer (14) is then removed (24) in certain areas so that an electrically conductive resistive layer (26) having said desired shape is produced.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus by means of which sheet like products which follow one after the other along a feed section are transferred to a conveying arrangement with individually controllable grippers which can be moved in the conveying direction, are arranged one behind the other and are designed for gripping the products at their leading edge, the feed section having, in its end region which is directed toward the conveying arrangement, a conveying nip, in which the sheet-like products are retained, at least in part, on both sides, in the case of which apparatus, in the product-receiving region of the grippers, a positive stop, which is active during each product transfer, is provided for the leading edges of the products, the spacing between the positive stop and conveying nip being selected such that the trailing edges of the products are still located in the conveying nip when the leading edges strike against the positive stop.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory element and associated production methods and memory element arrangements are presented. The nonvolatile memory element has a changeover material and a first and second electrically conductive electrode present at the changeover material. To reduce a forming voltage, a first electrode has a field amplifier structure for amplifying a field strength of an electric field generated by a second electrode in a changeover material. The field amplifier structure is a projection of the electrodes which projects into the changeover material. The memory element arrangement has multiple nonvolatile memory elements which are arranged in matrix form and can be addressed via bit lines arranged in column form and word lines arranged in row form.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a reconditioned portion of an articulated connector engaged in a reconditioning fixture while it is still mounted to the end structure of a rail car is disclosed. The gauge is a generally cylindrical arc with an inner side and outer side. The outer side is preferably shaped to fit against the reconditioned portion of the connector while the inner portion is shaped to fit against a reference point.

Abstract: The headlamp assembly having low beam and high beam operation modes includes a light source, a reflector surface adapted to reflect light from the light source outward to a condenser lens positioned at a distance from the light source. An opaque shield is positioned between the light source and the condenser lens and is moveable between a first position, where a portion of the reflected light is blocked from reaching the condenser lens, and a second position, where substantially all of the reflected light is allowed to reach the condenser lens. The condenser lens has a first segment and a second segment wherein, when the opaque shield is in the first position, light is reflected almost entirely to the first segment of the condenser lens, and when the opaque shield is in the second position, light is reflected to the first and second segments of the condenser lens.

Abstract: A circuit is described that protects an integrated circuit from electrostatic discharges or electrical over-stress. The circuit arrangement has first and second protective elements connected in series between a connection of the integrated circuit and a supply voltage. When electrostatic discharges or electrical over-stress occurs, current flows through the conductive path formed through the first and second protective elements. A current path that contains a circuit element limits current through the first protective element is connected in parallel with the first protective element. The first protective element has blocking behavior when no electrostatic discharges or electrical over-stress occurs, a limited current flows through the current path and the second protective element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for producing a contour of a planiform piece, intended, in particular, for the internal trim of motor vehicles, in which the piece (1) is cut to define at least an apex (2) of the contour (3), having a given profile P, and a side (4), or so-called first side, of the contour (3) extending from the apex (2). According to the invention, there are carried out sequentially: on one hand, cutting of the piece (1) to produce simultaneously at least the apex (2), according to the profile P, and to cut the first side (4) over a portion, referred to as a fraction F, of its length extending from the apex (2); on the other hand, at least another operation of cutting the piece (1) to produce the first side (4), including at least a portion at least of the fraction F.

Abstract: A telephone call is established between a local telephone (110) associated with a local party and a remote telephone (104) associated with a remote party. The local telephone (110) receives a voice signal from the remote telephone (104) responsive to establishing the telephone call. The voice signal represents directory assistance information, a name, a phone number or directions provided by the remote party. The local telephone (110) stores the voice signal in a memory unit (212) in the local telephone (110) responsive to receiving the voice signal. The local telephone (110) converts the voice signal to a text signal responsive to storing the voice signal. The local telephone (110) stores the text signal in the memory unit (214) in the local telephone (110) responsive to converting the voice signal to a text signal. The local telephone (110) edits the stored text signal in the memory unit responsive to storing the text signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reduced coenzyme Q10 crystal with excellent stability and a composition containing said reduced coenzyme Q10 crystals. According to the present invention, after dissolving reduced coenzyme Q10 in a fat and oil, it is cooled, making it possible to obtain reduced coenzyme Q10 crystals with excellent stability and which exhibit an x-ray diffraction pattern (using a CuK? emission line) that differs from ordinary reduced coenzyme Q10 crystals. Moreover, said crystals are also excellent in bioabsorbability.

Abstract: A method for detecting the angular change of a scanning device with respect to at least one scale of a position measuring system by detecting several angular positions of the scanning device in relation to the at least one scale by detecting position measurements of the scanning device at several scanning points and determining a value for a chronological progression of a change in angular positions of the scanning device from said detected several angular positions of the scanning device.

Abstract: An input device includes a flat first input unit for a first input operation, a second input unit for a second input operation, a display unit having a display portion displaying data, and a control unit controlling each unit. The control unit gives an operator feedback by provisionally displaying input data obtained from the first input operation, and then confirms the input by the second input operation.

Abstract: A DVD player performs processing which, when subpicture settings, audio settings, or angle settings cannot be changed, determines whether the switching operation is impossible due to a lack of data recorded on a DVD, or is prohibited by a title producer or due to player specifications. When a user-designated operation cannot be executed, the DVD player displays a message indicating that the operation is prohibited by the title producer or due to the player specifications. When the operation is impossible due to a lack of data corresponding to the operation, the DVD player displays a message indicating that the operation is impossible due to the lack of the corresponding data.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lead removal apparatus for removing an implanted pacemaker or defibrillator lead from the heart. The lead removal apparatus includes a proximal handle that further includes a proximal portion, such as an elongate section of intertwined wire, having a compact, pre-formed first configuration, such as one or more coiled loops. The compact shape permits the operator to utilize the proximal portion without requiring the assistance of a second person to help keep it within the sterile field during a procedure. The operator is thus able to constrain or uncoil the proximal portion into a second configuration that is sufficiently straight such that a medical device, such as a dilator sheath, can be advanced thereover to help separate the lead from scar tissue along the vein path. The proximal portion may include sufficient resiliency to substantially return to the first configuration once the sheath has been advanced.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate and a fabricating method thereof wherein a contacting size between an electrode and an active layer can be reduced to provide a small and light panel. In the thin film transistor substrate, a conductive layer is formed on the substrate. A first insulating layer for insulating the conductive layer overlies the conductive layer. A second insulating layer this is different from the first insulating layer overlies the first insulating layer. A third insulating layer overlies the second insulating layer. A contact through the first, second, and third insulating layers exposes a portion of the conductive layer and has a trapezoidal section. An electrode is connected to the conductive layer and overlies a portion of an inclined face of the contact hole. The inclined face of the contact hole includes a protrusion formed by a portion of the second insulating layer and creates an overhang structure.