Abstract: A laser device employs two concentric enclosures with rapid pre-heat elements located between the two enclosures. The device contains a vented bore tube, two electrodes, and a metal vapor source within the innermost of the two enclosures.

Abstract: Light that is initiated in a laser device includes a diffusion of scattered and reflected light around the laser beam. This diffusion of light occurs because light in the optical cavity of the laser is reflected from the surfaces of the bore and becomes misaligned, so that it leaves the laser along paths which are outside of the cone of light formed by the laser device. This diffusion of part of the laser light reduces the efficiency of the device and is objectionable in many applications. The diffused light is eliminated by providing a restriction in the optical cavity of the laser device which blocks off the stray or misaligned light. This restriction, or beam cleaner, may be positioned at various points along the axis of the optical cavity.

Abstract: Recording media comprising films of a polydialdehyde are suitable for recording information with electron beams.

Abstract: A layer of electrochromic material is on a substrate. An acid electrolyte is on the layer of electrochromic material. An indium electrode is utilized to produce coloration in the layer of electrochromic material without the need for any external electrical power. If a conductor layer is disposed between the substrate and the layer of electrochromic material, the device operates under a biasing voltage with substantially no polarization.

Abstract: A layer of unoxidized metal is provided on surfaces of the device in such manner as to possess an oriented microstructure capable of causing sympathetic alignment of the liquid crystal molecules. The metal layer is thereafter heated in the presence of oxygen, preferably in a device envelope sealing process, to oxidize the metal layer. The metal oxide layer is stable, in that it retains the molecular aligning characteristic, and is more transparent than the metal layer.

Abstract: The mount includes a plurality of springs interconnecting a yoke to a cathode-ray tube. The springs may be formed on a yoke housing and connected to a platform attached to the tube or connected directly to the tube. Alternately, the springs may be formed in the platform connected to the yoke housing.

Abstract: A relatively stable suspension of particles of a glycine containing material is formed by mixing the particles in a suspending medium of an alcohol saturated with glycine. The suspension is applied to a substrate and the alcohol is evaporated to form a film of the particles on the substrate.

Abstract: A body of single crystalline semiconductor material having spaced opposed end surfaces which form a Fabry-Perot cavity. The body includes four contiguous regions of alternating conductivity type forming three PN junctions which extend between the end surfaces of the body. Along one of the PN junctions at least a portion of at least one of the regions is a recombination zone where light is generated upon the recombination of oppositely charged carriers when the PN junctions are forwardly biased to inject one type of charged carriers into the recombination zone. Along at least one side of the recombination zone is a zone having an index of refraction lower than the index of refraction of the recombination zone to confine light in the recombination zone. Also, along one side of the recombination zone is a zone which confines the injected charged carriers in the recombination zone.

Abstract: The cell comprises two spaced apart substrates and a plurality of terminals for the cell disposed along an exposed surface of one of the substrates. Electrodes are disposed on each of the substrates, and connector means for connecting one of the terminals on the one substrate and an electrode on the other substrate comprises a fused glass bump bridging the space between the two substrates and electrically connected to the one terminal and the electrode on the other substrate. The glass bump contains metal particles dispersed therethroughout to provide it with electrical conductive characteristics.

Abstract: Three developer solvents 2-methylcyclohexanone, 3-methylcyclohexanone, and a mixture of acetonyl acetate and acetone, improve the resolution of electron beam exposed films of poly(1-methyl-1-cyclopentene-SO.sub.2) copolymers.

Abstract: In preparing an electron beam resist film of a copolymer of an olefin and SO.sub.2, the steps of removing insoluble particles, drying the films under high vacuum and storing them in a moisture-free atmosphere are required to prevent cracking of the films during development.

Abstract: Photochromic lithium niobate crystals containing iron and either manganese or copper are useful for recording phase holograms in the photosensitive state of the crystals, which holograms can be permanently fixed and read out without loss in the quality of the image obtained therefrom over extended periods.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus is a multiple beam electron gun having a wide focusing lens gap. The lens gap has a plurality of metal elements, spaced therein, each successive element of which has a successively greater voltage applied to it. The application of the voltages creates an electrostatic field which focuses a plurality of beams generated by the gun.

Abstract: Lithium niobate single crystals doped with iron can be treated to reduce trivalent iron to divalent iron without reduction of the lithium niobate host crystal, by surrounding the crystal with a high-melting salt of lithium, such as lithium carbonate, and heating in an oxygen-containing atmosphere until the desired amount of reduction is obtained.

Abstract: A small quantity or low flow rate of a gaseous component is accurately and quickly introduced into the reaction chamber during the process of vapor phase epitaxy. The gaseous component is selectively communicated directly into a primary gaseous flow which passes into the reaction chamber. By maintaining a continuous flow of the gaseous component, the gaseous component can be accurately introduced into the reaction chamber without initially entering the reaction chamber with a large surge of concentration.