Abstract: The invention relates to liquid crystal displays used in display sections of electronic apparatus and provides a liquid crystal display in which high anti-pressure characteristics can be achieved with a high aperture ratio maintained. A configuration is provided, which includes a pair of substrates provided opposite to each other, a liquid crystal sealed between the substrates, a plurality of pixel regions provided on the substrates, and protrusion-like structures provided in the pixel regions for regulating the alignment of the liquid crystal and maintaining a cell thickness between the substrates.

Abstract: Measurement/analysis unit in a Java virtual machine has the function of measuring data when an event of garbage collection occurs, and the function of periodically measuring data. The measurement/analysis unit analyzes the measured data and predicts a danger of a memory shortage, and predicts a danger using an algorithm depending on the type of garbage collection used by the Java virtual machine. An application server is notified of a warning of the predicted danger of a memory shortage by an analysis result notification means by an inter-process communication, or the like. The measurement/analysis unit calculates a memory capacity required to avoid the predicted danger of a memory shortage, and the calculated memory capacity is transmitted to the application server by the analysis result notification means by an inter-process communication, or the like in the same way as the warning.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, wherein light having an exposure energy is irradiated on the surface of a photo-sensitive resin layer having a predetermined film thickness, and a distribution of thermal deformation characteristics in the thickness direction (or the plane direction) of the photo-sensitive resin layer is formed, then heat treatment is performed to form random undulation (micro-grooves or micro-wrinkles) on the surface of the photo-sensitive resin layer.

Abstract: A substrate for a liquid crystal display device produced at a low cost and featuring a good display quality, that can be used for a display unit of electronic equipment and a liquid display device having the same. The substrate for a liquid crystal display device, comprises a glass substrate for holding liquid crystal together with an opposing substrate, a plurality of pixel regions arranged on the glass substrate, drain bus lines formed on the glass substrate, CF resin layers of a plurality of colors the ends of which are arranged on the drain bus lines, a pixel electrode formed for each pixel region on the CF resin layers, a groove portion formed between the ends of the neighboring CF resin layers, and an organic insulating layer formed so as to fill the groove portion.

Abstract: A novel system and method for purification and disinfection of water containing contaminates is provided. The system includes an aeration column, a first intermediate tank, a first mechanical filter, an electric discharge device, a second intermediate tank, a second mechanical filter and a sorption filter. The water is firstly aerated by continuous mixing the water with air and ozone-air mixture. The water obtained after the aeration is treated with coagulant materials in a medium of the ozone-air mixture. Further, the water is filtered from coagulated particles. Thereafter, the water is treated by electric discharges in an air medium. The water is then treated again with coagulant materials. Finally, the water is filtered from remaining contaminates.

Abstract: An optical information detecting apparatus includes a first optical system focusing an optical beam on a recording surface of a recording medium and a second optical system directing a reflection optical beam produced as a result of reflection of the optical beam by a recording surface of the recording medium to a photodetection unit. The second optical system includes a beam dividing element disposed so as to intercept the reflection optical beam and divide the reflection beam into a plurality of optical beam elements traveling generally parallel with each other in the reflection optical beam, such that the plurality of optical beam elements reach the photodetection unit along respective optical paths.

Abstract: A magnetic disk drive having an electrical connection structure capable of supplying/recalling a reliable magnetic head signal. The magnetic disk drive includes an actuator arm rotatably mounted on a base, a spring arm whose basal end portion is secured to a distal end portion of the actuator arm, and a magnetic head supported by the distal end portion of the spring arm. The spring arm has a first conductor pattern one end of which is connected to the magnetic head. The magnetic disk drive further includes a main FPC having a second conductor pattern, and a relaying FPC for interconnecting the conductor pattern of the spring arm and the conductor pattern of the main FPC. The relaying FPC includes a third conductor pattern and terminals. Each terminal is constituted of a convex metal and a solder formed on the convex metal.