Abstract: Friction clutch plates have a first face exhibiting a surface finish of about Ra 0.5 to 0.9 and a second face having friction material secured thereto. The clutch plates are manufactured by rolling steel to a thickness of about 0.030 inches (0.76 mm) which exhibits a mill finish of about Ra 0.64 to 1.14. The rolled steel is then stamped to form circular clutch plate blanks. One surface is then smoothed, preferably by polishing, so that peaks and sharp points are flattened or removed. The resulting surface finish includes irregular relatively flat and smooth regions interspersed with and separating irregular recesses or pits and exhibits a surface finish of about Ra 0.5 to 0.9. Friction material is then secured to the opposite face of the clutch plates. The clutch plates are used in multiple plate friction clutch packs which are intended for use in dual clutch front and rear axle assemblies and motor vehicle transfer cases.

Abstract: A variable camshaft timing apparatus (10) includes a pulse actuating circuit (24A,50,44,56,60,24R and 24R,52,46,54,58,24A) for oscillating the variable camshaft timing apparatus in reaction to fluid under pulsation, and includes a pressure actuating circuit (30,34,36,40,44,50,24A,24R,52,46,66,80/180,32 and 30,34,38,42,46,52,24R,24A,50,44,64,80/180,32) for oscillating the variable camshaft timing device in reaction to fluid under pressure. Advance and retard valves (44,46) are interconnected with the pulse and pressure actuating circuits for independently and simultaneously activating the pulse and pressure actuating circuits. Finally, an exhaust valve (80,180, 280) is positioned in fluid communication with the pulse and pressure actuating circuits, such that the variable camshaft timing device may be oscillated using one or both of the pulse actuating and pressure actuating circuits, and may be maintained in position using one or both of the pulse actuating and pressure actuating circuits.

Abstract: A chain tensioner system having a hydraulic tensioner and a tensioner arm with a spring blade. A hydraulic tensioner applies force against the end of the tensioner arm. The arm is pivotally supported at one end and supported by the tensioner piston at the other end. A blade spring into inserted into the plastic shoe to provide tension to the arm.

Abstract: A blade-type chain tensioner includes a blade shoe having a chain sliding face, a blade spring biasing the blade shoe toward an associated chain, and a bracket to rotatably support the fixed end of the blade shoe. The length of the blade spring is shorter than that of the chain sliding face of the blade shoe. The first end of the blade spring is attached onto the fixed end of the blade shoe and slidably contacts the distal end of the bracket at a contact point located between the fixed and free ends of the shoe.

Abstract: A water-cooled remote fan assembly 59, 100 having an extra pulley set mounted between a water drive mechanism 81, 122 and a cooling fan 68, 114 for creating a second overdrive mechanism used to increase the rotational speed of the fan 68, 114 relative to the engine input speed. This provides the pulley-driven engine cooling system with improved cooling capabilities at low engine speeds. By decreasing the radius of one of the pair of auxiliary pulleys 62, 102, 87, 104 mounted to a transfer drive mechanism 66, 116 relative to the radius of a crankshaft pulley 80, 130, the transfer drive mechanism 66, 116 can rotate at a faster rate than the crankshaft pulley 80, 130. One or both of the pair of auxiliary pulleys 102, 104 may be mounted on a shroud 106 of the radiator 108 to provide better fan orientation and higher efficiencies for fan performance.

Abstract: A regenerative or toric pump adds energy to a fluid using an impeller having an axis of rotation and axially spaced, radially extending first and second surfaces. A casing encloses the impeller and has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet separated by a stripper. The casing has axially spaced, radially extending first and second sidewalls facing the first and second surfaces of the impeller respectively. Axially and radially extending blades or vanes are formed on an outer radial periphery of the impeller for driving fluid from the inlet toward the outlet as the impeller rotates about the axis of rotation. A fixed surface is formed in at least one sidewall of the casing for directing fluid back toward the impeller. Improved operating characteristics and extended range are accomplished through modification to the vane configuration of the impeller and/or by modification of the side channel configuration of the pump chamber in an asymmetrical fashion.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation valve (10) for an engine including a valve housing (14), a motor housing (12), and a sensor housing (16). The motor housing (12) has an armature (30) disposed therein that is movable to cause a valve (10) to move in relation to a valve seat (120). The outer periphery of the armature (30) is in contact with an armature bearing (66). The armature bearing (66) has an upper portion (68) in communication with a flux return (46) and a lower portion (70) in communication with a pole piece (56). One of either the flux return (46) or the pole piece (56) is located so as to reduce an air gap (200) therebetween.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a turbocharger including a housing with a compressor housing portion, turbine housing portion, and a connecting portion is such that an appropriate attitude setting for various portions is preselected, and the housing is then manufactured using a casting technique. The geometry of the connecting portion is circular and concentric with respect to a common center line passing through all three portions.

Abstract: A pin-type synchronizer core formed from a flat piece of steel material. An annular disc is formed into a core member with a U-shaped channel and pockets.

Abstract: A hydraulically powered exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine includes a hydraulically driven turbine (71) that powers a compressor (72). The compressor (72) pressurizes a portion of the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine (10) and supplies it to a mixer (40). Another portion of the exhaust gas drives the turbine (21) of a turbocharger (20), which in turn powers a compressor (23) that delivers intake air to the mixer (40). The mixer (40) combines the air and the recirculated exhaust gas and delivers the mixture to the intake manifold (11) of the engine (10). The hydraulically powered turbine (71) may be driven by any of a number of systems, such as the power steering system of an automobile, high pressure oil from a diesel fuel injection system or an auxiliary hydraulic system. The flow of recirculated exhaust gas may be regulated in any number of manners, such as by controlling the pressure and displacement of the hydraulic pump (82) or by a valve (50).

Abstract: A power transmission chain having a plurality of inside links and guide links. Each inside link has at least one inverted tooth adapted to contact the teeth of an associated sprocket. Each link has a pair of apertures which are connected by connecting pins inserted through the apertures. The chain is provided with projections acting to maintain a spaced relationship between the guide links and the inside links. The spacing of the guide link away from the inside links is accomplished by spacing elements which may include projections formed on the guide link or an outer face of the outermost inside link, or by washers or spacers interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A multiple-clutch assembly includes a housing and a first clutch having a first drive member rotatably supported within the housing on a drive hub and a first driven member rotatably supported within the housing on a first driven shaft. A first clutch pack is interposed between the first drive and driven members and operable to selectively connect and disconnect the first drive and driven members for transferring and interrupting torque between the first drive and driven members. A second clutch is supported within the housing coaxial with respect to the first clutch and includes a second drive member rotatably supported within the housing on the drive hub and a second driven member rotatably supported within the housing on a second driven shaft. The first and second driven shafts are disposed concentrically relative to one another.

Abstract: A chain is provided for use with a pair or a series of sprockets which is generally of the roller variety. In one embodiment, inner and outer links are rotatably mounted to spaced apart pins having a large diameter and held in position on the pins by press fit inner and outer washers. The inner and outer links are interleaved to create the endless chain. One aspect of the invention is the elimination of conventional bushings and rollers. Instead, the pins of the chain have an exposed portion maintained by the washers to contact the teeth of the sprocket directly.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system includes a valve body having an exhaust port adapted for fluid communication with a source of exhaust gas, an intake port adapted for fluid communication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, and a valve member. The system further includes a drive member mounted to the valve body and including a mechanical output which is rotatable in opposed first and second directions. A gear train is operatively disposed between and in engagement with the rotatable mechanical output of the drive member and the valve member. More specifically, the mechanical output rotating in either of the first or second directions imparts linear, reciprocal motion directly to the valve member through the gear train thereby moving the valve member between opened and closed positions to control the flow of exhaust gas from the exhaust port to the intake port.

Abstract: A variable camshaft timing system comprising a camshaft (36) with a vane (2) secured to the camshaft for rotation with the camshaft but not for oscillation with respect to the camshaft. The vane has a circumferentially extending plurality of lobes (20, 22, 24) projecting radially outwardly therefrom and is surrounded by an annular housing (28) that has a corresponding plurality of recesses (30, 32, 34) each of which receives one of the lobes and has a circumferential extent greater than the circumferential extent of the lobe received therein to permit oscillation of the housing relative to the camshaft. Oscillation of the housing relative to the camshaft is actuated by pressurized engine oil in each of the recesses on opposed sides of the lobe therein, the oil pressure in such recess being preferably derived in part from a torque pulse in the camshaft as it rotates during its operation.

Abstract: A turbocharged internal-combustion engine (10), with at least one high-pressure stage (20), with at least one low-pressure stage (30), which is arranged downstream of the high-pressure stage, with bypass piping (24a, 24b) having pipe switch(es) (70, 71), and which connect the exhaust side (12) of the engine with the inlet side of the low-pressure turbine (31) with sensors for detection of the operating parameters of the engine.

Abstract: A transfer case for a four-wheel drive motor vehicle includes an electronic control unit (ECU) and a synchronizer which facilitates shift on the fly operations such as, for example, a shift from two wheel high to four wheel high. A temperature sensor disposed either in the transfer case or elsewhere in the motor vehicle provides a temperature signal to the ECU which is utilized to adjust the on time of the synchronizer to compensate for the viscosity of the lubricating fluid within the transfer case or other temperature related variables which affect the time required to synchronize the drive line components prior to engagement. Such temperature compensation also facilitates fault detection and system oversight since the ECU can accurately anticipate the variability of the operating parameters based upon temperature and determinate malfunctions when operation occurs outside such temperature based parameters.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine including a valve body having an exhaust port adapted for fluid communication with a source of exhaust gas, an intake port adapted for fluid communication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, and a valve member movably supported within the body between open and closed positions thereby controlling the flow of exhaust gas from the exhaust port to the intake port. A diaphragm housing is operatively mounted to the valve body and supported thereby. The diaphragm housing defines a vacuum cavity in fluid communication with a source of negative pressure and an atmosphere cavity in fluid communication with a source of second pressure. A diaphragm member is disposed between the vacuum and atmosphere cavities and is operatively connected to the valve member.

Abstract: A hub is secured to a camshaft for rotation synchronous with the camshaft, and a housing circumscribes the hub and is rotatable with the hub and the camshaft and is further oscillatable with respect to the hub and the camshaft within a predetermined angle of rotation. Driving vanes are radially disposed within the housing and cooperate with an external surface on the hub, while driven vanes are radially disposed in the hub and cooperate with an internal surface of the housing. A locking device, reactive to oil pressure, prevents relative motion between the housing and the hub. A controlling device controls the oscillation of the housing relative to the hub.

Abstract: A chain drive is provided which includes a chain, a driven sprocket and a drive sprocket. A single portion of the chain is tensioned by two spring tensioners. The spring tensioners can act on a single side of the chain portion or on opposite sides of the chain portion.