Abstract: An acidic molasses-based liquid animal feed supplement including nutritionally appropriate phosphorus and magnesium and, optionally, non-protein nitrogen, is hardened into a solid form by the addition of a small amount of a soluble calcium compound, preferably calcium chloride, so that the calcium to magnesium weight ratio is between about 1.5 and 3. The disclosed solid animal feed supplement is sufficiently palatable to permit its free choice feeding, yet discourages overfeeding by its hardness and acidity. The block contains sufficient molasses to help meet the energy requirements for maintenance and weight gain of grazing animals, but is sufficiently low in pH to minimize the risk of ammonia poisoning due to breakdown of non-protein nitrogen sources to free ammonia during rumination.

Abstract: Purified biuret is recovered from mixtures containing biuret and higher molecular weight urea condensation products by contacting melts or solutions of such mixtures with a polar adsorbent and extracting biuret from the adsorbent with a polar desorbent. The useful biuret-containing mixtures also may contain urea. These methods are capable of recovering biuret of 99.9 percent plus purity from mixture containing higher molecular weight urea condensations products such as triuret, melamine, ammelide, and others. The biuret-containing desorbent can be recycled into contact with biuret-containing adsorbents to increase its biuret concentration, concentrated by evaporation of otherwise, and/or treated to crystallize biuret. An integrated process is provided which involves pyrolyzing urea to form biuret and higher molecular weight condensation products and selectively recovering biuret from the resulting pyrolyzed urea as described.

Abstract: Acid-soluble and/or hydrolyzable obstructions are removed from conduits by contacting such obstructions with a composition containing urea and sulfuric acid in which the urea/sulfuric acid molar ratio is less than 2. The urea/sulfuric acid compositions may optionally contain other components such as surfactants and/or non-aqueous polar solvents which accentuate the activity of the compositions toward hydrophobic materials. Urea-sulfuric acid compositions which contain water and which have H.sub.2 O/(urea+H.sub.2 SO.sub.4) molar ratios below about 2.5 are particularly useful for removing obstructions by partial or complete hydrolysis.

Abstract: Polysaccharides are at least partially hydrolyzed by contact with a composition containing urea, sulfuric acid, and water in which the urea/sulfuric acid molar ratio is less than 2. Such proportions of urea and sulfuric acid assure the presence of the monourea adduct of sulfuric acid. The polysaccharide can be hydrolyzed to an extent sufficient only to hydrate the polysaccharide to produce a hydrated polysaccharide such as hydrated cellulose, or it can be completely hydrolyzed to its constituent monosaccharides. Thus, cellulose can be converted to glucose.

Abstract: The invention is a fire-resistant, light stable textile structure comprising a mat of fibers held together with a vinylidene chloride interpolymer, containing a light-stabilizing amount of a nitrile-containing comonomer in interpolymerized form.

Abstract: Large surface area oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts which are suitable for converting C.sub.4 to C.sub.8 monoolefins to conjugated dienes are disclosed, comprising the oxides of vanadium, phosphorus, tin and potassium in combination with hydrogen mordenite having a surface area between 30 M.sup.2 /g to 450 M.sup.2 /g and wherein the vanadium has an average valence in the range of from 3.5 to 4.95.