Abstract: Focused ion beam microfabrication column (10) produces an ion beam from ion source (12), focuses the beam by objective lens (24) onto the plane of electrode (36). ExB filter (44) separates out the ion species at a low energy portion of the beam. The beam of selected species is first accelerated by energy central lens (38) which has a controllable potential for controlling the final beam energy to the target. The beam is accelerated by final accelerator lens (54) and is demagnified and focused on the target by that lens. Beam deflector (64) deflects the beam for programmed ion beam work on the target (60).

Abstract: Two lens focused ion beam column (10) has an accelerating lens (20) which carries a potential to focus an image of the liquid metal ion source (14) on the mass analyzer slit (26) with a magnification of about unity. Munro lens (36) accelerates the beam of selected ion species and demagnifies the image through a long working distance to provide an ion writing spot of less than about 1000 .ANG. size.

Abstract: A Data Exchange Subsystem comprising a data bus for transferring data signals, a load for normally maintaining a logical one signal on the data bus, a number of data receivers operatively connected to the data bus for sensing the logic state of the data signal, and a number of data transmitters operatively connected to the data bus for driving their respective data onto the bus. The data transmitter utilize open collector output buffers to force the data signal to a logical zero in response to corresponding data provided to the respective data transmitters, thereby collectively forming a "wired-and" structure, providing the Data Exchange Subsystem with an inherent data conflict resolving capability that may be utilized in data-dependent operations such as data masking.

Abstract: System holographic optical element 22 has a substrate 24 and developed grating carrying layer 26 and is for use in an optical system. It is exposed from a coherent point source 50 with the aid of a fabrication holographic optical element 40 having a grating layer 44 so that the photosensitive emulsion (i.e., point 38) is exposed both directly from the point source 50 and by reflection from a point 56 in the grating in the fabrication holographic optical element.

Abstract: Laser apparatus is disclosed which employs the principles of phase conjugation to provide for short-pulse operation. A phase-conjugate reflector, lasing medium, and output coupling device are arranged to form a laser resonator. The lasing medium may be pumped by a conventional pump source to produce population inversion in the lasing medium. The phase-conjugate reflector is pulsed by means of a pulsed pump source which applies a periodic train of short laser pulses having high peak power and low average power thereto. The short-duration pulses create high reflective efficiencies in the phase-conjugate reflector, while minimizing the overall energy demands on the system. Additionally, the pump source which pumps the lasing medium may also provide pulsed energy thereto which is synchronous with the pulsed energy provided by the pulsed pump source to the phase-conjugate reflector. Accordingly, the system provides for a series of short pulsewidth laser pulses at its output.

Abstract: A laser system for providing a rapidly steerable laser output beam. The laser system includes a phase conjugate reflector, laser gain medium and its associated pump source, an output coupling device, and an optical element which selectably controls the transverse lasing mode of the laser system. The components are arranged to form a laser oscillator between the phase conjugate reflector and the optical device, and is operated in such a manner that each selected transverse mode of laser operation generates an output beam from the system which has a different wavefront tilt. Accordingly, the output beam is steerable and is dependent upon the selected transverse mode which is currently lasing in the oscillator.