Abstract: This method and apparatus is directed to measuring flow velocity of a flowing solid or fluid in a pipe. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, a single magnet is utilized to impress a magnetic field on the flow, the field having a gradient. A concentrically arranged detection coil is positioned in the field and is connected with a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or electron magnetic resonance (EMR) detection apparatus. A segment of the material moves through the magnetic field. The frequency of a the magnetic resonance signal emitted by the nuclei or electron changes proportionate to field intensity. In a fixed gradient, the time rate of change of the emitted NMR or EMR frequency signal is a linear function of flow velocity. This apparatus provides a measure of flow velocity by interrogating with pulses thereby obtaining a frequency dependent signal.

Abstract: A valve apparatus incorporating a deformable valve and valve seat is disclosed. The valve apparatus includes two premolded spheroid valve elements fabricated of resilient material deformable to preselected configurations. The valve elements are secured to pipe ends extending within a fluid housing. The valve deforms upon axial movement of the pipe end and is shiftable relative to the valve seat for opening and closing the valve apparatus.

Abstract: A cleaning fluid cartridge, adapted for use with a cleaning system having a handle and a cleaning brush attached thereto, wherein a flexible bag contains the cleaning fluid, and a check valve is sealingly disposed within an opening in the flexible bag.

Abstract: A pipe coupling apparatus comprising a concentric, relatively telescoping tube is adapted to be inserted into a receptacle. A deformable head at the distal end of the tube is deformable to an enlarged, preselected retention configuration wherein the head engages the inner wall of the receptacle to hold the pipe coupling in a locked position. Relative axial shifting of the tube deforms the head from the locking configuration to a collapsed and elongated configuration wherein the head elongates to facilitate insertion or removal of the coupling from the receptacle.

Abstract: A combination single/twin edgewise orthodontic bracket incorporating twin tie wings to promote twin ligating capability and over-rotation capability, and also incorporating an intermediate section of single bracket width that defines a precision archwire slot for receiving an edgewise archwire of rectangular cross sectional configuration to promote orthodontic treatment with the edgewise orthodontic technique. Relief grooves between the upper and lower tie wings extend outwardly from the ends of the precision archwire slot and are relieved in both width and depth as they traverse each tie wing mesially and distally to provide for efficient over-rotation control. The relief grooves cooperate with the central bracket section to permit the fullest expression of the advantages of interbracket width.

Abstract: A tractor supported and driven mechanism for removing tree stumps which cause linear movement of a rotary cutter disk for milling away stumps from the side portions thereof. The mechanism incorporates a frame structure having a hydraulically driven slide supported and guided by parallel structural members of the frame. The cutter disk is rotatably supported on the slide structure and is driven by the power take-off of the tractor by means of an elongated non-circular drive shaft which is received in driving engagement by a central non-circular drive opening of the cutter. The cutter disk is movable along the length of the non-circular drive shaft while maintaining driving engagement therewith.

Abstract: A flow meter apparatus and method for measuring the flow, composition and heat content of coal is set forth. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, the free or unpaired electron population of flowing coal is measured by electron magnetic resonance (EMR); the hydrogen nucleii population is measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). By calibration utilizing a standard specimen for a given type of coal, a profile for various types of coal can be obtained wherein measurement data is converted into an indication of the heat content typically measured in BTU per pound. This enables provision of a volumetric flow meter, a flow meter indicating flow in calorie content. This device enables integration to provide total heat content flow. Other variables describing the coal can be obtained.

Abstract: A tilting bath including a support structure to be secured to the floor of a building. A bathtub is pivotally interconnected at one end thereof with the support structure and is provided with a user seat assembly which is pivotally secured to the bathtub and functions in gimbal-like manner to permit user seating during pivotal movement of the tub. Hydraulic cylinders are utilized to raise and lower the tub between its horizontal and upstanding positions. The bathtub incorporates flexible water supply and drain conduits for connection with a water supply and drain system of the building structure. Water supply, water draining and tub positioning are controlled by a user seated in the user seat assembly.

Abstract: An orthodontic bracket system for edgewise orthodontic therapy which is adapted for attachment to the lingual surface portions of a patient's teeth. The lingual orthodontic bracket system of this invention is designed to permit occlusal and mesial insertion of an edgewise archwire into precision archwire slots that are defined by the respective brackets of incisors, cuspids, bicuspids and molars. At least some of the lingual orthodontic brackets incorporate fulcrum controlled twin tie wing systems to permit efficient controlled rotation of the teeth as well as archwire tipping and torque activities. The lingual bracket system of this invention also incorporates a molar tube that is designed for mesio-occlusal insertion of the end portion of the edgewise archwire and also permits pivoting or rotation of the archwire about the molar tube structure so as to bring the archform portion thereof occlusally into properly seated relation with respect to the archwire slots of other brackets.

Abstract: A vanishing chamber type positive displacement pump is disclosed which is applicable for use as a fluid sampling device for sampling liquid or gaseous materials from pipelines or other pressurized vessels or for pumping small measured quantities of fluid from a source such as for chemical or other fluid injection. The pump mechanism incorporates a support body structure that is adapted for connection to an isolation valve such as for pipeline or pressurized vessel sampling or is adapted for direct connection to the wall structure of a vessel if desired. An elongated probe is movable connected in sealed relation to the support body structure and is capable of being inserted into the pipeline or other vessel being sampled. The elongated probe is provided with a housing at the free extremity thereof within which is located a positive displacement pump having an inlet defined by the housing which is located at the free extremity of the housing.

Abstract: Oil filter apparatus including a first modified high performance full-flow filter and a second super efficient by-pass filter. The modified full-flow filter is adapted to permit the attachment of a by-pass filter hose thereto on the forward end thereof for passage of a portion of oil from the modified full-flow filter to the by-pass filter. A drain plug hose is further connected to the by-pass filter for passage of oil from the by-pass filter to the oil pan. The by-pass filter hose and drain plug hose are connected to the modified full-flow filter, by-pass filter, and the oil pan by means of pivotal swivel fittings adapted to permit attachment of the filter apparatus to any make automobile. The by-pass filter may be mounted inside of a neoprene coated nylon sleeve, by a special mounting bracket, or by a modified by-pass filter base. A method of retrofitting an engine to accommodate the oil filter apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: An acoustic transducer with high sensitivity and low resonance frequency is constructed of a cylinder having inner and outer layers rigidly bonded together. At least one layer is a thickness poled piezoelectric material. The cylinderical can be closed by end caps to shift nodal locations.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for performing true right justification applicable to character printers utilizing variable character spacing. The method of the present invention may be applied to any printer that is capable of variable character pitch settings in response to external control signals. In addition to such a printer, apparatus includes a word processing terminal, and a microcomputer dedicated to the terminal and printer and designed to map the features of the terminal into features available in the printer. In addition to the functions of initialization, data discrimination, control code examination, and vertical carriage positioning, two other functions are provided, one of which does mapping and horizontal carriage positioning, the other of which comprises a service routine used by the other functions to read, write, or store characters and to calculate dimensional values.

Abstract: An elongated tubular member for retrieving and dispensing deformable balls, such as tennis balls, is provided with retrieving structure at one extremity and dispensing structure at the opposite extremity. The retrieving structure forms an inlet opening having internal projections requiring deformation of a ball being forced through the inlet opening. The dispensing structure forms a dispensing opening and a restraining lip preventing inadvertent movement of the lowermost ball through the dispensing opening. The dispensing structure also forms a manual access opening, permitting access to the lowermost ball by the fingers of the user to permit dispensing movement of the lowermost ball. The dispensing structure also forms a rotatable closure for the dispensing opening to secure balls within the tubular member for storage. The tubular member is formed by telescoping tube sections permitting the tubular member to be collapsed for storage or extended for use.

Abstract: A bowling ball having hard and inflexible flake materials arranged in a substantially interlocking relationship and located at or just below the outer surface of the bowling ball to form a substantially continuous interlocking armored layer about the bowling ball which causes it to have an appreciably greater resistance to penetration by a Shore D Hardness test needle than a bowling ball of identical composition but without the flake type materials. Sufficient resistance to penetration by the Shore D Hardness test needle gives a durometer hardness of at least seventy-two. The flake materials have an average size of from -100 mesh to 40/100 mesh and comprise between one to ten percent by volume of the bowling ball's outer shell admixture.

Abstract: A fixture for a plurality of tubular electric lamps comprises an elongated insulating angle bar-frame having two flat mutually perpendicular flanges joined by a flat central web at 45.degree. angle to the flanges. Flat metal conductor bars carried on the back side of the flanges have integrally upstanding lamp carrying tabs spaced along the entire length of the conductors protrudes through slots in the frame. Lamp carrying tabs are thus alternately disposed along the entire length of the frame which support the lamps in axial alignment. The flat conductors are secured to the back side of the flanges by means of self-adhesive bands. Improved structural strength is achieved by the frames having integral ribs or struts connecting the perpendicular flanges and the flat central web.

Abstract: A fluid pressure energized wear resistant pump valve is provided having a valve body and seal retainer formed of metal which secure a seal insert in assembly therewith. The seal insert incorporates an elastomeric sealing portion having a frusto-conical sealing surface for engagement with a valve seat of corresponding configuration. An anti-extrusion member is secured in assembly with the elastomeric seal portion and is composed of non-metal material of greater hardness than the hardness of the elastomeric material. The anti-extrusion member forms a frusto-conical sealing surface disposed in contiguous relation with the sealing surface of the elastomeric seal member. The anti-extrusion member further defines a tapered, yieldable peripheral sealing lip which yields responsive to pressure conditions to prevent pressure induced extrusion and damage to the elastomeric sealing member.

Abstract: A trenching machine for digging a trench beneath a pipeline lying on the floor of a body of water, with a pair of laterally spaced vertical cutting members, shown to be a series of water jets, positioned at each end of the machine. The cutting members are laterally adjustable to move apart and tilt with respect to the vertical centerline of the machine. The cutting members are also arranged to oscillate about a vertical axis. Fore and aft side rollers are longitudinally spaced under the framework of the machine and are arranged to contact the pipeline to drive the machine along the pipeline and to stabilize the machine in its upright operating position over the pipeline. The rollers have selectively adjustable hydraulic biasing cylinders associated with each set of rollers to maintain a constant gripping force between the rollers and pipeline. The rollers are selectively reversibly driven to provide back and forth operation of the trenching machine.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for collecting dust and shavings produced by a drum and disc lathe. The apparatus comprises a sealed housing which is adapted to enclose the entire grinding or cutting area of the lathe and trap airborne particles suspended therein. A brake drum or disc is attached to the lathe arbor within the housing through a housing access door prior to the machining operation. The cutting tool extends from the lathe into the housing through an orifice which is covered by a plurality of sealing strips. As the drum or disc is machined, the suspended asbestos and metal dust is removed from the housing to a collection receptacle by the directional air flow from a fan and the heavier metal shavings are collected in a tray located on the housing floor.

Abstract: This method and apparatus are directed to baggage inspection, and more particularly, baggage inspection to locate explosives. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, a conveyor system is utilized to transport a bag past a first magnet to achieve an initial nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) polarization of a selected element. The element in the preferred embodiment is hydrogen, it being noted that hydrogen in explosives has a long T.sub.1 and a short T.sub.2. The first magnet provides an initial polarization. The bag continues on the conveyor belt past a second magnet. The second magnet provides the measurement field intensity and a coil contains an interacting RF forming the interrogation pulses. Echos are received. In the preferred embodiment, first and subsequent second echos are received and stored. The two signals are subtracted from one another to a null. The NMR response of elemental hydrogen in compounds typified by explosives (having a long T.sub.1 and short T.sub.