Abstract: A method and device for decoding a packetized data stream comprising packets is disclosed. Each packet comprises a header and a payload encapsulating an elementary stream. The method includes selecting an object header in the elementary stream, inserting a packetized data stream packet header before the object header and transferring the inserted packet header, the object header, and data of the packetized data stream consecutive to the object header to a packetized data stream parser. This is applicable to digital video systems and in particular to digital television decoders.

Abstract: Processing functions in a communication device are partitioned into a sequence of operational levels having corresponding status indications which are captured prior to a fault or other abnormal condition and retained during re-cycling of the sequence of operations for use in status monitoring or fault diagnosis. In a modem performing a sequence of operations including groups of one or more individual operations having an associated status indication, a method is used for capturing an indication of system status. The method involves generating hierarchically ordered status indications reflecting the status of completion of sequentially performed groups of operations in which individual status indications are associated with corresponding groups of operations. The generated status indications are captured and retained following initiation of repetition of the groups of operations and are provided as identification of an attained operational status of the system for operation diagnosis (e.g.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for parameter borrowing for network address translator (NAT) configuration by receiving, at a first dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) device, a DHCP lease request from a client, determining, from the DHCP lease request, first communication parameters of the client, and enabling the determined first communication parameters to be used by a second DHCP device, the determined first communication parameters adapted for use in upstream DHCP lease requests by the second DHCP device.

Abstract: A picture compression process, especially of the MPEG2 type, in which each picture macroblock (10) is subjected to a coding chosen, for each macroblock, from among several types of coding.

Abstract: An image processor produces a DPCM prediction error to be quantized. If the prediction error value is positive, the value passes unchanged to a quantizer. If the prediction error value is negative, a bias value is added to the prediction error value to produce a positive number within the operating limits of the quantizer. Biased prediction error values are quantized. Because all values received by the quantizer are positive and within the current quantizer limits, the quantization table used by the quantizer need not include quantization values for negative prediction error values. This reduces the scope of prediction error values by a factor of two, doubling quantization resolution.

Abstract: A compressed audio/video, includes circuitry to measure the relative synchronization of decompressed audio and video signals. If audio and video signal synchronization is within a first range of values, synchronization circuitry within the receiver will attempt to appropriately time align the signals. Alternatively, if actual synchronization exceeds the first range, attempts to synchronize the signals are suspended and non-synchronized decompressed audio and video signals are provided.

Abstract: A dynamically configurable video signal processing system including an encoder and decoder processes data in the form of hierarchical layers. The system partitions data between hierarchical layers and allows variation in the number of layers employed. Data is automatically partitioned into one or more hierarchical layers as a function of one or more parameters selected from available system bandwidth, input data rate, and output signal quality. In addition, the image resolution and corresponding number of pixels per image of the data may be varied as a function of system parameters.

Abstract: An exemplary video encoder is provided that quantizes pel blocks of a video signal based upon one or more of the following: (i) an actual bit distribution of a previously encoded video frame, (ii) a required decoding delay for a splice point, and (iii) an activity measure of a pel block being encoded. Moreover, an exemplary video encoder uses the above quantization techniques to obtain an encoded video stream having seamless in points and seamless out points. Video encoding methods that utilize the above quantization methods are also provided.

Abstract: An exemplary video encoder is provided that quantizes pel blocks of a video signal based upon one or more of the following: (i) an actual bit distribution of a previously encoded video frame, (ii) a required decoding delay for a splice point, and (iii) an activity measure of a pel block being encoded. Moreover, an exemplary video encoder uses the above quantization techniques to obtain an encoded video stream having seamless in points and seamless out points. Video encoding methods that utilize the above quantization methods are also provided.

Abstract: In analogue television systems, it is known to compensate for the receiver-end luminance defects which are caused by transmitter-end low-pass filtering of the gamma-predistorted chrominance signals, with the aid of transmitter-end correction signals. This method for luminance correction can also be used in connection with modern picture coding methods such as e.g. MPEG. To that end, the chrominance is encoded and decoded again in the encoder. A correction signal is derived from the decoded chrominance signal and is used during the encoding of the luminance. The macroblocks which are motion-compensated for prediction are based on the correspondingly decoded chrominance signal and on the decoded, corrected luminance signal.

Abstract: An exemplary video encoder is disclosed that quantizes pel blocks of a video signal based upon one or more of the following: (i) an actual bit distribution of a previously encoded video frame, (ii) a required decoding delay for a splice point, and (iii) an activity measure of a pel block being encoded. Moreover, an exemplary video encoder uses the above quantization techniques to obtain an encoded video stream having seamless in points and seamless out points. Video encoding methods that utilize the above quantization methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: Motion-compensated hybrid codecs are used in data compression for moving picture sequences. By virtue of the regular insertion of intraframe-coded pictures, these compression methods enable access to any desired individual pictures in the entire bit stream or the playback of the bit stream from virtually any desired location. A disadvantage is the high bit outlay necessary for intraframe-coded pictures. In a feedback loop, a codec usually contains a simulation of the receiver-end decoder, whose coding errors can thus also be taken into account by the encoder. According to the invention, an attenuation element is inserted into this feedback loop. The coding and the receiver-end decoding of intraframe-coded pictures becomes superfluous.

Abstract: A video editing system for editing a compressed video stream in the transform domain reconstructs frames of video signal that have been motion compensated predictive encoded on a block basis. Spatial translations of blocks are determined from motion vectors and shifting matrices are generated with subpixel resolution from the translation data. The shifting matrices are applied to respective blocks and reconstructed blocks are formed from transform domain prediction blocks and transform domain prediction error blocks.

Abstract: Block matching is a robust and simple method of motion estimation for television pictures. One important parameter in block matching is the block size. Large blocks give more reliable motion estimation than small blocks, particularly in the presence of noise on the input picture, but they produce a coarser motion vector field. However, if the motion estimation is being used for motion compensated interpolation, for example the upconversion between 50 and 100 Hz display rates, the effects on picture quality of wrong vectors for whole blocks, and also of vectors that do not correctly follow the boundaries of moving objects, can be severe. According to the invention, large block (LB) matching is combined with the performance of more localized motion vectors to get pixel motion vectors. For any pixel, the motion vector will be one of four possibilities; the vector calculated for the block containing the pixel and the vectors (V1, V2, V3, V4) of the nearest blocks horizontally, vertically and diagonally.

Abstract: Overhead is reduced and packet transport efficiency is increased for a flow of switched packets from a router by identifying a plurality of packets having a common destination node within a network and transmitting at least one control message to establish the flow of switched packets; the at least one control message including: (i) a label mapping message corresponding to the flow of switched packets and (ii) a header removal field. Packet headers corresponding to packets of a switched packet flow are not parsed, therefore either the entire header, or a portion of the header, may be removed from each packet assigned a label. A header removal field is shared among routers while signaling to establish a labeled flow. The header removal field is used to provide header structure information to those routers which will be utilized for transport of the subsequent labeled flow. Packet transport densities are monitored at individual routers.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for detecting static areas in a sequence of digital video pictures. The method includes computing pixel differences between corresponding pixels of consecutive frames or consecutive fields with identical parities and accumulating the magnitudes of the pixel differences over blocks of pixels of the video frames. Next, thresholds T(i,j) for pixel blocks are computed. The threshold for each block is adapted to an estimated noise level &sgr; for the current field or frame and the amount of a block gradient g(i,j), and the threshold levels T(i,j) are calculated according to a disclosed formula. Then, the thresholds T(i,j) are applied to the accumulated pixel differences of the corresponding blocks thus providing a preliminary map of static areas and the preliminary map of static areas are modified by eliminating isolated static blocks or small groups of adjacent static blocks.

Abstract: Optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical signal conversion is substantially eliminated for performance of monitoring and maintenance functions within a wavelength-division-multiplexed optical network having a Network Control Element by detecting optical intensities of signals conveyed over wavelength channels at the optical layer. Values associated with the detected optical intensities are generated and conveyed to the Network Control Element. The Network Control element analyzes these values for the purposes of fault detection, channel power monitoring, channel signal to noise ratio determinations, channel continuity checks, and network provisioning.

Abstract: A sample rate conversion system converts data of a first sample rate to data of a different second sample rate. The system involves an interpolator, operating at the first sample rate and includes a first interpolation network and a delay network. The first interpolation network interpolates the first sample rate data to provide upsampled interpolated data samples according to a first sample spacing. The delay network interpolates the upsampled interpolated data to provide delayed upsampled interpolated data samples, according to a second sample spacing of higher resolution than the first sample spacing, and preceding and succeeding an original sample position. The system also includes a digital filter operating at the second sample rate for filtering the higher resolution data samples to provide the second sample rate data.

Abstract: In noise measurement for video sequences it is difficult to distinguish between picture content and noise. In order to improve the measurement reliability the results of two different noise level computing methods are combined. One computation relies on the analysis of displaced field or frame differences, the other is based on the values of the field or frame differences over static picture areas.

Abstract: A unified messaging solution and services platform is provided by utilizing the features and capabilities associated with instant messaging to locate a registered user, query the user for a proposed message disposition, and coordinate services among a plurality of communication devices, modes, and channels. A user proxy is registered to the user as a personal communication services platform. The user is able to define various rules for responding to received data and communications, the rules stored within a rules database servicing the communication services platform. Instant messaging is used for communications between the user and the communication services platform's user proxy.