Abstract: A supported Lewis acid catalyst, which comprises an inorganic oxide substrate having immobilized thereon at least one Lewis acid and a modifying agent containing at least one functional moiety capable of reacting with surface hydroxyl groups originally present on said substrate and which is effective as a catalyst for hydrocarbon conversion reactions including cationic polymerization, alkylation, isomerization and cracking reactions is disclosed.

Abstract: A lubricant composition capable of improving the fuel economy of an internal combustion engine and comprising a base oil as a major component and from about 2 to about 15 wt. %, based on the weight of composition, of a fuel economy improving additive having a viscosity greater than the viscosity of the bulk lubricant and being selected such that the lubricant is characterized by (1) a positive deviation from that of a theoretical line when the elastohydrodynamic (EHD) film thickness thereof is plotted against entrainment speed on a log basis, and by (2) a traction coefficient under both hydrodynamic and mixed lubrication conditions which is lower than it would have been if the fuel economy improving additive were not present in the lubricant is disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process for the homopolymerization and copolymerization of .alpha.-olefins utilizing highly dilute .alpha.-olefin feedstreams to effect high conversions and catalyst efficiencies in the production of non-ethylene copolymers. The instant invention is particularly adaptable to polymerizing the .alpha.-olefin content of commercially available refinery feedstreams such as Raffinate-2.

Abstract: A low phosphorus passenger car motor oil containing an oil of lubricating viscosity as the major component and a tri-metal detergent mixture as a minor component, wherein the tri-metal detergent mixture comprises at least one calcium overbased metal detergent, at least one magnesium overbased metal detergent and at least one sodium overbased metal detergent, wherein the tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount such that the total TBN contributed to the oil composition by the tri-metal detergent mixture is from about 2 to about 12, and wherein the calcium overbased detergent contributes from about 8 to about 42% of the total TBN contributed by the tri-metal detergent mixture, the magnesium overbased detergent contributes from about 29 to about 60% of the total TBN contributed by the tri-metal detergent mixture, and the sodium overbased detergent contributes from about 15 to about 64% of the total TBN contributed by the tri-metal detergent mixture.

Abstract: A supported Lewis acid catalyst, which comprises an inorganic oxide substrate having immobilized thereon at least one Lewis acid and a modifying agent containing at least one functional moiety capable of reacting with surface hydroxyl groups originally present on said substrate and which is effective as a catalyst for hydrocarbon conversion reactions including cationic polymerization, alkylation, isomerization and cracking reactions is disclosed.

Abstract: Immobilized Lewis Acid catalyst comprising porous polymer film substrate having at least one Lewis Acid immobilized on pore surfaces thereof, said polymer film substrate prior to having said Lewis Acid immobilized thereon comprising a porous film of functionalized polymer and, optionally, unfunctionalized polymer, said functionalized polymer having within its structure units represented by the formula ##STR1## and said unfunctionalized polymer having within its structure repeating monomer units represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein D represents OH, halide, NH.sub.2, NHR.sup.3, OM', or OM";R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkylaryl;R.sup.2 represents C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkaryl;R.sup.3 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.

Abstract: An immobilized Lewis Acid catalyst system for the carbocationic polymerization of olefin monomer is provided. The catalyst comprises a porous polymer support having catalytically active Lewis Acid residue bonded to the surface of the support including the pore surfaces.

Abstract: The invention pertains to oil soluble copolymers derived from ethylene and 1-butene which have a number average molecular weight between about 1,500 and 7,500, at least about 30 percent of all polymer chains terminated with ethylvinylidene groups, and ethylene-derived content of not greater than about 50 weight percent, and which form solutions in mineral oil free of polymer aggregates, as determined by light scattering measurements. Lubricating oil additives, particularly dispersants, produced by the functionalization and derivatization of these copolymers have enhanced performance (e.g., improved dispersancy and pour point) in lubricating oil compositions, attributable in part to the combination of properties characterizing the copolymers.

Abstract: Immobilized Lewis Acid catalyst comprising polymer having at least one Lewis Acid immobilized within the structure therein, said polymer having monomer units represented by the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein a represents about 1 to about 99 mole %b represents about 0 to about 50 mole %c represents about 1 to about 99 mole %a+b+c is preferably about 100%; ##STR2## C is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR3## (III) combinations thereof. D is OH, halide, OR.sup.4, NH.sub.2, NHR.sup.3, OM', or OM";E is the residue of the reaction of at least one Lewis Acid with the D substituent of monomer unit B;R.sup.1 represents proton, C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl group, or C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl;R.sup.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl group, C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryl, or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkylaryl;R.sup.3 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 aryl, or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkylaryl;R.sup.4 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.

Abstract: A method is provided for the direct synthesis by living cationic polymerization of novel polymeric materials functionalized with desirable nitrogen-containing functional groups such as terminal azido, cyano, carbonylamino, cyanato, thiocyanato or thiocarbonylamino groups. Polymerization and functionalization occur in a substantially simultaneous manner. All necessary reactants for the functionalization are present when polymerization is initiated. The nitrogen-containing functional group is provided as a part of a molecule having a release moiety which is preferably resonance stabilized or a tertiary alkyl type and which acts to aid the nitrogen-containing species in functioning as a leaving group.

Abstract: Immobilized Lewis acid catalysts comprising a polymer having at least one Lewis acid immobilized within the polymer structure, said polymer having the monomer units represented by the structural formula: ##STR1## where D is OR', NH.sub.2, NHR', OM' or OM"; E is at least one Lewis acid residue, R is an alkyl group or cycloalkyl group; R.sup.2 is a divalent hydrocarbyl group, R' is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group, M' is an alkali metal and M" is an alkaline earth metal. The immobilized Lewis acid catalyst is useful in olefin polymerization and in alkylation or aromatic or isoparrafinic hydrocarbons with an olefin.

Abstract: An oil soluble dispersant additive useful in oleaginous compositions selected from fuels and lubricating oils comprising the reaction products of:(i) at least one intermediate adduct comprised of the reaction products of(a) at least one polyanhydride, and(b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyamines, polyols, and amino alcohols; and(ii) at least one member selected from the group consisting of(a) at least one long chain hydrocarbyl substituted C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid producing material;(b) at least one long chain hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy aromatic material and at least one aldehyde; or(c) at least one aldehyde and at least one reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 monocarboxylic or C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid or anhydride and an amine substituted hydroxy aromatic compound.Also disclosed are oleaginous compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions, containing these oil soluble dispersants.

Abstract: A process for alkylating hydroxyaromatic compounds with a terminally unsaturated polymer in the presence of a partially or completely dehydrated heteropoly catalyst. The alkylated hydroxyaromatic compounds so formed are useful as precursors for the production of fuel and lubricant additives.

Abstract: A crosslinked, unsaturated elastomeric polymer of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isomonoolefin and a C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 conjugated multiolefin is produced by curing the corresponding uncrosslinked polymer having a low level of chemically bound halogen with a curing agent which reacts only with the halogen (e.g., zinc oxide) in combination with a bifunctional dienophile (e.g., a bismaleimide). The uncrosslinked elastomeric polymer is particularly suitable for use in the pharmaceutical industry, for example, for container closures. Shaped rubbery products comprising the crosslinked copolymer are also provided.

Abstract: Ozone resistant vulcanizable copolymers of isoolefins with non-conjugated dienes of the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is ##STR2## and R.sub.2 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and vulcanizates thereof. The copolymers are prepared by polymerization in the presence of Lewis acids.

Abstract: A substantially gel free C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isoolefin homopolymer rubber, butyl copolymer rubber, halogenated butyl rubber (e.g., chlorinated or brominated), or mixtures thereof, comprising a molecular weight distribution such that the ratio of the moments of said molecular weight distribution, Mz/Mw, is equal to or exceeds 2.0, and that portion of said molecular weight distribution which is equal to and greater than 4 times the peak molecular weight, Mp, comprises greater than 8 percent of the total polymer species, and Mp is greater than about 250,000 and wherein said polymer species of molecular weight less than Mp are substantially branch free. Various means are disclosed for effecting the molecular weight distribution including blending of homopolymers and/or copolymers of appropriate molecular weight and molecular weight distribution and direct polymerization using a functional reagent to introduce branching.

Abstract: A copolymer of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isoolefin and a para-alkylstyrene is provided as well as the corresponding halogenated, functionalized and grafted derivatives thereof. Processes for producing these copolymers are also provided.

Abstract: N-halothiosulfonamide-modified rubber products are provided. The modified rubber products are prepared by reaction of a rubber, such as a butyl rubber or a halogenated butyl rubber, with a N-halothiosulfonamide in the absence or in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: A process for halogenating polymers by contacting a polymer either in solution or in bulk with a halogenating agent in the presence of an acid scavenger. Halogenated polymer, e.g., butyl rubber, with a particular structure is obtained and the product suffers less molecular weight loss. Combinations of acid scavengers can also be used and the scavenger can be dispersed in the polymer prior to halogenation and/or added to the reaction zone during halogenation.

Abstract: Thermoplastic compositions of matter useful as gasketing materials as well as flexible boots and seals which are soft, have low compression set and high tensile. The compositions comprise a polyolefin resin and at least two different rubbers, one of which is vulcanized to a fully cured state by a cure systems which leaves the other rubber(s) unvulcanized. The preferred embodiment comprises a blend of polypropylene and ethylene vinylacetate as the polyolefin resin component, EPDM as the uncured rubber component and a ZnO cured halogenated butyl rubber. In another embodiment of the invention, the resin is excluded and the uncured rubber is a high crystallinity EPDM.