Abstract: Non-gelled resins formed by reacting an ethylenically unsaturated polyester with ethylenically unsaturated monomers which include an ethylenically unsaturated acid are provided which are useful in coatings having better stability.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in the process of isolating certain diphenyl ethers from an aprotic organic solvent by the addition of a diphenyl ether phase forming amount of water to a reaction mixture comprising a liquid phase of the diphenyl ether dissolved in the solvent.

Abstract: A substantially external surfactant-free vinyl polymer emulsion product is disclosed. The process includes a first stage of dispersing in water an amine or inorganic base neutralized saturated polymer. The saturated polymer is formed from a monomeric mixture of carboxylic acid or anhydride containing ethylenic unsaturation with optionally additional copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers. In a second stage, a monomeric mixture of vinyl monomers is added to the water dispersion and the resultant mixture polymerized so as to form the substantially external surfactant-free vinyl polymer emulsion product.

Abstract: Coating compositions capable of liquid application to substrates consist essentially of a curable film forming polyol-containing component and an organic reactive diluent. The reactive diluent is an organic compound containing a primary or secondary hydroxyl group and further characterized by having a retained solids value of greater than about 80 percent, a hydroxyl equivalent weight of from about 180 to about 800, and a liquid viscosity of less than about 10 poise at 60.degree. C. The coating compositions can be formulated to contain little or no volatile organic solvent and/or water.

Abstract: A polyester resin has an oxyalkylene content of from about 40 percent to about 75 percent. The polyester resin is especially useful as a pigment dispersant in coating compositions. Such compositions can be formulated without the need for conventional low molecular weight dispersants and surfactants which oftentimes adversely affect the film properties of the applied compositions.

Abstract: Water repellent treating compositions are based upon olefin and paraffin materials containing a substantial proportion of compounds containing from 20 to 24 carbon atoms. The treating compositions are especially useful for application to wood. Additives such as wood preservatives, alkyd resins and, in especially preferred compositions, organic ionizable compounds are included. The preferred compositions are useful for application to wood substrates which are subsequently electrostatically sprayed with a topcoating.

Abstract: Aromatic esters of carbamic acid derivatives, e.g., p-chlorophenyl-N-methyl carbamate, are prepared by reaction of the corresponding aromatic alcohol, e.g., p-chlorophenol, and monoisocyanate, e.g., methyl isocyanate, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a combination of a 4-aminopyridine catalyst, e.g., 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and pyridine or methyl substituted pyridines. The product is substantially pure, having less than 0.80 weight percent allophanate ester by-product, e.g., p-chlorophenyl-N,N'-dimethyl allophanate, and less than 0.50 weight percent unreacted aromatic alcohol, e.g., p-chlorophenol. The reaction is readily controlled and characterized by the substantial absence of reflux. The product can be retained in the liquid state at reaction temperature for extended periods of time without significantly increasing the level of allophanate ester by-product.

Abstract: A process for making aryl isocyanates comprises thermally decomposing aryl urethanes at a temperature between 175.degree. C. and 600.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst, present in the heterogeneous phase, said catalyst being a metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, titanium, iron, chromium, cobalt and nickel.

Abstract: A high foaming dentifrice composition comprising a cogeneric mixture of conjugated polyoxybutylene-polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant and a cationic anti-decay agent.

Abstract: A linked compound is a useful lubricant for fibers such as nylon and polyester, providing low volatility at a temperature below about 230.degree. C. and by oxidizing, leaving a low level of residue, at temperatures above about 230.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for making a polyurethane which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a higher molecular weight organic polyhydroxyl compound in the presence of a catalyst having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X is sulfur or NH and n is a whole number from 2 to 6. Also used is a catalyst which is a combination of the above-mentioned catalyst and an organic tin compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of making flame-retardant polystyrene foams by an extrusion process in which a stabilizer of a dialkyl-tin carboxylate or a mixture of a dialkyl tin carboxylate and a barium and/or cadmium carboxylate is added to the extrusion melt.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanate isomers containing a controllable amount of uretdione and hydrolizable chlorine which comprises feeding crude MDI to an evaporator, condensing a head fraction in two stages in the presence of an inert gas, feeding the first stage condensate to a distillation column, producing a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanate isomers as an overhead, producing 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate as a side draw, and condensing each of the overhead and side draw in two stages in the presence of an inert gas.

Abstract: 2,2-Bis(4-allyloxy-3,5-dibromophenyl)-propane is used as a flame-retardant synergist for polystyrene.

Abstract: A process for separating toluene diisocyanate and/or higher boiling solvents from distillation residues obtained from the phosgenation of toluene diamine in the presence of solvents wherein the separation takes place in a fluidized bed at temperatures of 140.degree. C. to 280.degree. C.

Abstract: A material formed by the reaction of (1) a poly-2-hydroxyalkyl derivative of a polyol having at least five hydroxyl groups, with at least three, and preferably nearly all, of said hydroxyl groups being substituted with one or more 2-hydroxyalkyl groups and (2) a polyglycidyl ether of a polyol, preferably a di- or triglycidyl ether of a polyoxyalkylene diol or triol. These materials have surfactant and defoaming abilities, and are useful in hard surface cleaning, textile and paper applications, and as defoaming agents. The compounds are especially useful as defoaming agent for glycol based antifreeze mixtures, and such antifreeze mixtures are also provided.

Abstract: By using alpha,alpha'-bis-t-butylperoxydiisopropylbenzene (TDB) as an organic peroxide synergist in making expandable polystyrene having a K value of 55-59 and containing an organic bromide reaction mixture compatible with the polymerization (such as hexabromocyclododecane), excellent results are obtained. Specifically, foams of overall improved properties, namely in flammability, collapse and shrinkage, are obtained.

Abstract: This invention relates to an urethane group containing polyisocyanurate foam produced from a polyisocyanate and a polyhydroxy compound, wherein the polyhydroxy compound is the reaction mixture of a hydroxyl group containing amine which is at least difunctional and is selected from the group consisting of a secondary amine, a tertiary amine, and a mixture thereof, and a naphthenic acid, or a mixture of said reaction mixture and a conventional polyol, the reaction conditions are a temperature between 0.degree. C. and 150.degree. C. and an amino equivalent to carboxylic equivalent of 0.3:1 to 50:1.

Abstract: This invention concerns a new carrier catalyst, the active mass of which contains silver, a process for its manufacture and a process for the manufacture of ethylene oxide by reacting oxygen-containing gases with ethylene by using this catalyst. This carrier catalyst comprising a carrier material and a catalyst, the active mass of which is 20 to 90 percent by weight of silver, 0.005 to 5 percent by weight of lithium, and 3 to 70 percent by weight of SiO.sub.2 in free form or in the form of silicates, is extremely well suited for the manufacture of ethylene oxide by adding oxygen to ethylene.

Abstract: Incorporating 500 to 5,000, preferably 2,000 to 4,000 parts per million of Fischer-Tropsch wax of high congealing point into beads of expandable polystyrene made by suspension polymerization yields greater advantages, and conditions (time, temperatures, and recipe) of the polymerization become less critical. The drying or conditioning step before the pre-expansion under particular conditions to generate a suitable cell structure need not be followed, and a step of coating with zinc stearate or the like before the pre-expansion may be omitted. Unexpanded beads are obtained which yield consistent cell structure, independent of conditions of their storage. Beads of higher pentane content can be used, and final articles of lower density may be obtained. The throughput of the pre-expander may be increased, and the beads, after pre-expansion, have good free-flowing (reduced clumping) and mold-filling characteristics.