Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophotographic imaging member or device and an imaging method using this imaging member, which member or device is comprised of a substrate, a layer of a charge carrier injecting material comprised of carbon or graphite dispersed in a polymer, a layer of a charge carrier transport material, a layer of a photoconductive charge carrier generating material and an electrically insulating overcoating layer.

Abstract: An apparatus in which a latent image is developed with particles having low conductivity. The particles are attracted to a member vibrating relative to the latent image. This increases the bulk conductivity of the particles being deposited on the latent image so as to improve development thereof.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed to magnetic toners comprised of a styrene butadiene copolymer resin, and a cubically shaped magnetite material, which toners have a fusing latitude range of at least 30 degrees Fahrenheit up to a maximum temperature of 390 degrees Fahrenheit. Toners having melt fusing temperatures of from about 300 degrees Fahrenheit to about 375 degrees Fahrenheit are desirable. The preferred cubical magnetite used is Mapico Black, which is present in amounts of from about 40 percent to about 70 percent. The toners of the present invention are useful for example in magnetic imaging systems, especially systems employing heat pressure fusing and high speed fusing systems.

Abstract: A method for developing magnetic latent images comprising forming a latent image on a suitable substrate and contacting said image with a magnetic toner which comprises a magnetic material and a resin comprising a polymeric esterification product of a dicarboxylic acid and a diol comprising a diphenol is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are positive toners comprised of a toner resin, pigment or colorant, and as a charge inducing material, long chain hydrazinium compounds of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from hydrogen groups or hydrocarbon radicals containing from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms and A is an anion which in a preferred embodiment is selected from halides such as chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, sulphonate, phosphate, and nitrate. These toners, together with carrier materials can be used to develop images in electrophotographic systems.

Abstract: An apparatus which develops a latent image by advancing a conductive developer composition comprising marking particles into contact therewith. The apparatus interacts with the developer composition causing the developer composition to have higher and lower regions of conductivity. In the regions of higher conductivity, development of the solid areas within the latent image is optimized. Development of lines within the latent image is optimized in the regions of lower conductivity.

Abstract: Toner compositions comprised of a toner resin, a colorant, or pigment and an alkyl morpholinium compound of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms and A is an anion which in a preferred embodiment is selected from halides such as chloride, bromide, or iodide, sulphate, sulphonate, phosphate or nitrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positively charged toner composition comprised of a resin, a colorant and polymers of vinyl pyrrolidone of the formula: ##STR1## wherein x is a number of from about 20 to 1,800 and y is zero, or 1. A developer material is typically formulated by adding a carrier to the toner composition. Images of high quality are obtained when using these developers in an electrophotographic imaging system. The polymers of vinyl pyrrolidone are also useful as dispersants.

Abstract: Disclosed are positively charged toner compositions comprised of a thermoplastic resin, a pigment or colorant, and a charge inducing additive containing an amido dialkyl hydroxy ammonium compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from hydrocarbon radicals containing up to 22 carbon atoms; and more specifically R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 carbon atom to about 8 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently selected from alkylene radicals having up to 8 carbon atoms, and preferably from 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms; and A is an anion such as nitrate, dihydrogen phosphate, methyl hydrogen phosphate, and dimethyl phosphate. Developers containing these positively charged toner materials are prepared by adding carrier materials thereto.

Abstract: This invention is directed to new electrophotographic, and magnetic toners, which are useful for example in high speed fusing systems, these toners being comprised of a polyamide resin, a pigment or colorant, which pigment or colorant may be magnetic and as an optional ingredient, a carrier material. The polyamide resin is of the formula ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are radicals independently selected from aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, aromatic, substituted aromatic, cycloaliphatic, and heterocyclic, x is a number of from 1 to about 100, and y is a number of from 1 to about 100. In one preferred embodiment the toner composition is comprised of the polyamide resin and a high loading, 50-75 percent of a magnetic material, allowing for high speed fusing in magnetic imaging systems.

Abstract: Disclosed are positive toners comprised of a toner resin, a colorant, or pigment, and an alkyl picolinium compound selected from the group consisting of those represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein A is an anion which in a preferred embodiment is a halide such as chloride, bromide, or iodide, sulphate, sulphonate, phosphate and nitrate, and R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and preferably from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms. These toners when combined with carrier materials can be used as developers in electrophotographic systems.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the preparation of a homogeneous, physically stable dispersion of colloidal metal particles of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium, having a size in the range of from about 10 Angstrom units to about 200 Angstrom units. The method comprises preparing a solution of a functional polymer in an inert solvent, and incrementally adding thereto a transition metal cluster compound at a temperature at which the transition metal cluster compound will become bound to the polymer and thermally decompose to produce elemental transition metal particles, the process being carried out in an inert atmosphere. Such dispersions may be used per se as catalysts, or may be used for the preparation of supported colloidal transition metal catalysts. The dispersions may also be used for the preparation of ablative optical recording media.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the preparation of a homogeneous physically stable colloidal elemental cobalt dispersion of colloidal cobalt particles having a size in the range of from about 10 Angstrom units to about 200 Angstrom units. The method comprises preparing a solution of a passive polymer in an inert solvent, and incrementally adding thereto a cobalt precursor, at a temperature at which the cobalt precursor will lose at least one ligand and become bound to the passive polymer and thermally decompose to produce elemental cobalt particles, the process being carried out in an inert atmosphere. Such dispersions may be used per se as catalysts, or may be used for the preparation of supported colloidal cobalt catalysts. The dispersions may also be used for the preparation of ablative optical recording media.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the preparation of a homogeneous, physically stable dispersion of colloidal metal particles of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of manganese and rhenium having a size in the range of from about 10 Angstrom units to about 200 Angstrom units. The method comprises preparing a solution of a functional polymer in an inert solvent, and incrementally adding thereto a transition metal precursor, at a temperature at which the transition metal precursor will become bound to the polymer and thermally decompose to produce elemental transition metal particles, the process being carried out in an inert atmosphere. Such dispersions may be used per se as catalysts, or may be used for the preparation of supported colloidal transition metal catalysts. The dispersions may also be used for the preparation of ablative optical recording media.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the preparation of a homogeneous, physically stable dispersion of colloidal metal particles of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, molybdenum and tungsten having a size in the range of from about 10 Angstrom units to about 200 Angstrom units. The method comprises preparing a solution of a functional polymer in an inert solvent, and incrementally adding thereto a transition metal precursor, at a temperature at which the transition metal precursor will become bound to the polymer and thermally decompose to produce elemental transition metal particles, the process being carried out in an inert atmosphere. Such dispersions may be used per se as catalysts, or may be used for the preparation of supported colloidal transition metal catalysts. The dispersions may also be used for the preparation of ablative optical recording media.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the preparation of a homogeneous, physically stable colloidal elemental iron dispersion of colloidal iron particles having a size in the range of from about 10 Angstrom units to about 200 Angstrom units. The method comprises preparing a solution of an active polymer in an inert solvent, and incrementally adding thereto an iron precursor, at a temperature at which the iron precursor will become bound to the active polymer and thermally decompose to produce elemental iron particles, the process being carried out in an inert atmosphere. Such dispersions may be used per se as catalysts, or may be used for the preparation of supported colloidal iron catalysts. The dispersions may also be used for the preparation of ablative optical recording media, and for the preparation of magnetic xerographic developer materials.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the preparation of a homogeneous, physically stable colloidal elemental cobalt dispersion of colloidal cobalt particles having a size in the range of from about 10 Angstrom units to about 200 Angstrom units. The method comprises preparing a solution of an active polymer in an inert solvent, and incrementally adding thereto a cobalt precursor, at a temperature at which the cobalt precursor will become bound to the active polymer and thermally decompose to produce elemental cobalt particles, the process being carried out in an inert atmosphere. Such dispersions may be used per se as catalysts, or may be used for the preparation of supported colloidal cobalt catalysts. The dispersions may be used for the preparation of ablative optical recording media.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the preparation of a homogeneous, physically stable dispersion of colloidal metal particles of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium and platinum having a size in the range of from about 10 Angstrom units to about 200 Angstrom units. The method comprises preparing a solution of a functional polymer in an inert solvent, and incrementally adding thereto a transition metal precursor, at a temperature at which the transition metal precursor will become bound to the polymer and thermally decompose to produce elemental transition metal particles, the process being carried out in an inert atmosphere. Such dispersions may be used per se as catalysts, or may be used for the preparation of supported colloidal transition metal catalysts. The dispersions may also be used for the preparation of ablative optical recording media.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the preparation of a homogeneous, physically stable colloidal elemental iron dispersion of colloidal iron particles having a size in the range of from about 10 Angstrom units to about 200 Angstrom units. The method comprises preparing a solution of a passive polymer in an inert solvent, and incrementally adding thereto an iron precursor, at a temperature at which the iron precursor will lose at least one ligand and become bound to the passive polymer and thermally decompose to produce elemental iron particles, the process being carried out in an inert atmosphere. Such dispersions may be used per se as catalysts, or may be used for the preparation of supported colloidal iron catalysts. The dispersions may also be used for the preparation of ablative optical recording media, and for the preparation of magnetic xerographic developer materials.

Abstract: An apparatus which develops a latent image with magnetic particles. The apparatus includes a member having a multiplicity of magnetic fibers extending outwardly therefrom. At least a portion of the fibers have the free end regions thereof contacting the latent image. A magnet field attracts the particles to the member. Relative movement between the member and magnet field move the particles into contact with the latent image to form a substantially uniform particle image.