Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide compact magnetic random access memory cell, comprising a word line; a bit line comprising a slot formed therein; a magnetic storage element disposed between the word line and the bit line; an access transistor located below the bit line and aligned with the slot therein; and a conductor passing through the slot in the bit line electrically connect the magnetic storage element to the access transistor.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention there is provided a device for modulating light. The device comprises a plurality of nano-scale particles; a conformal structure defining a surface to which the nano-scale particles conform under influence of a displacement force; and a displacement mechanism to apply the displacement force to the nano-scale particles; wherein the nano-scale particles when they conform to the conformal structure change the optical characteristics of the conformal structure.

Abstract: A method of obtaining graphical information from a single- or multi-page document printed on a hard media where reading out of the position of the document elements is performed by using a method of volumetric scanning of a document (even closed) is described. Processing of scanning results, comprises joining up the separate scanning layers scanning results, removing noise, correction of document image orientation, dividing information into portions relating to separate pages, is performed after reading the information. Then text information recognition contained in the graphical file is performed. Information may be read out by using methods of magnetic resonance scanning, supersonic scanning, X-ray scanning etc. The results of scanning in electronic form may be stored for further transmission thereof on a medium or via communication channels to a distant location for recognition.

Abstract: A device for continuously monitoring one or more indicators relating to the health or comfort of a person 12 includes one or more sensing means for measuring a value of one or more desired indicators and a communicating means 13 communicating an alarm signal when the measured value is above or below a predetermined value or range of values range, wherein the device 10 is adapted to be attached to an item of clothing 14 of the person 12.

Abstract: In one embodiment, there is provided a method for programming a memory device having magnetoresistive memory elements as storage elements. The method is performed during fabrication of the memory device and may be used to realize a Magnetic Read Only Memory (MROM) device. In accordance with the method, during fabrication of a memory device comprising a plurality of magnetoresistive memory elements (MRME) e.g. a MTJs, the memory device is programmed by selectively controlling the presence or absence of the magnetoresistive element at each intersection of a word line (WL) and a bit line (BL) in the device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an MRAM device having a plurality of magnetic memory cells grouped into words, and write conductors for carrying write currents to write to the memory cells, wherein at least some of the write conductors have a reduced cross-sectional area in the vicinity of a group of memory cells.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of character and text recognition of a bit-mapped graphic file received from an optical scanning device. The method comprises a trainable template cache, a preliminarily trained feature analysis means, and a context analysis means. The present invention discloses the way to use said means for achieving the best results in recognition. The method supposes that the template cache along with the context analysis means are used as the main shape characteristic analyzing means. The feature analysis means along with the context analysis means are used as subsidiary shape characteristic analyzing means and as a training means for the template cache. The method comprises applying the main shape characteristic analyzing means and optionally applying the subsidiary shape characteristic analyzing means if no or not enough reliability of recognition is achieved after the template cache analyzing.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for reducing motion artifacts in an output image is provided. The method comprises capturing multiple frames of a scene; determining local motion vectors between each pixel in a current frame and a corresponding pixel in the a previous frame; and performing a temporal filtering operation based on the local motion vectors wherein pixels from a plurality frames are integrated to form the output image.

Abstract: Software agents are assigned goals in accordance with network policies that define a desired operational characteristic of a computer network. A software agent achieves its assigned goal by executing a predefined task. An assigned goal may be dynamically modified as necessary based on the actual operational characteristics of the network. The software agent may request further policy if it cannot achieve its assigned goal by performing the predefined task.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a method is provided. The method, comprises scaling down a Bayer domain image made up of a number of 2×2 basic units, each having a Red (R) pixel, a Blue (B) pixel, and two green (G) pixels arranged in a fixed configuration and replicated throughout the image, the method comprising (a) partitioning the image into 2M×2N input blocks, where M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1; (b) for each 2M×2N input block, averaging a selection of R pixels in the block to produce a R pixel in a scaled down image corresponding to the Bayer domain image; (c) averaging a selection of B pixels in the block to produce a B pixel in the scaled down image; and (d) partitioning the 2M×2N input block into first and second triangular regions, and averaging a selection of pixels in the first triangular region to produce a first G pixel in the scaled down image, and averaging a selection of pixels in the second triangular region to produce a second G pixel in the scaled down image.

Abstract: The present invention deals with text comprising image parsed to graphemes. A result of character recognition is creation of one or more versions of characters for each grapheme. All possible words versions are obtained using all characters versions, and all parsing versions are examined. A supplementary data of several types is applied successively in the preliminarily prescribed order to the examined words. The processing with the use of supplemental data may be represented as a three times repeated processing of the same text fragment with the use of supplementary information becoming available at each time. The examination comprises three steps. 1) A set of chains LPG is built using all obtained recognized grapheme-to-character versions. 2) All obtained versions are analyzed with the successive application of subsequent supplemental data types in connection with the preliminarily assigned order or with a joint application thereof. 3) A supplementary space recognition correction.

Abstract: In one embodiment the invention provides a device for modulating light. The device includes a non-imaging concentrating optic having a body with a first end through which light enters the body and a second end through which light leaves the body; and a shutter component which can be selectively aligned with the second end in one of several operative positions wherein in at least one operative position, the shutter component is sufficiently close to the second end of the body to be within the wavelength of an evanescent wave generated at a surface of the body at the second end when total internal reflection occurs at the surface.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention provides a method. The method comprises projecting multiple scenes simultaneously on a display screen in interlaced-fashion; and directing light for each scene to a distinct viewing zone defined spatially in relation to the display screen. A system comprising a display; and a lenticular mechanism coupled to the display and having a plurality of lens elements to direct light from the display into distinct viewing zones defined spatially in relation to the display is also provided.

Abstract: This Invention provides for a method and system for speed measurement verification. The method comprises the step of automatically measuring the speed of a vehicle traveling on a surface which includes a fixed marker at a predetermined distance from a point where the speed of the vehicle is measured. The measured speed is automatically compared to a predetermined speed limit and if the speed limit is exceeded, the next step involves automatically calculating a time delay, which time delay is calculated according to the measured speed and the predetermined distance so as to predict when the vehicle, if traveling at the measured speed, will reach the marker. An image is then captured with a camera directed at the marker after expiration of the time delay so that, if the measured speed is accurate, the vehicle will be positioned proximate the marker so that the captured image showing the vehicle relative to the marker is able to serve as verification of the accuracy of the measured speed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention provides a method for building a speech application. The method comprises reading data from a table; creating a data construct that models the structure of the table, in terms of fields contained therein; providing a user interface (UI) to display the structure of the table to a user; receiving a selection of data fields from the user; and automatically generating code for a voice browser (VB) based on the selection.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a method is provided. The method, comprises (a) determining a white balance correction parameter for a white balance correction processing block for an image sensor, and including the white balance correction parameter in the white balance correction processing block; (b) determining a gamma correction parameter for a gamma correction processing block for the image sensor, and including the gamma correction parameter in the gamma correction processing block; and (c) determining a color correction parameter for a color correction processing block for the image sensor, and including the color correction parameter in the color correction processing block.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for controlling artifacts in an image due to a presence of flicker in ambient light is provided. The method comprises determining a power frequency for the ambient light; determining a magnitude and phase of flicker fluctuation in the image due to the flicker; and adjusting the image for the flicker fluctuation based on the power frequency, magnitude, and phase.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for correcting image data for a captured image for lens shading artifacts is provided. The method comprises determining a plurality of one dimensional correction curves that can be applied to the image data to correct for lens shading artifacts therein; and correcting the image data for lens shading artifacts based on the one dimensional curves.