Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous ink composition for ball-point pens excellent in both the lubricity for an aqueous ballpoint pen tip and the bleed resistance of writing.

Abstract: A wheel for a two-wheeled motor vehicle and including a hub, a rim, a spokes coupling the hub and the rim. The hub has a lightening portion formed inside a sprocket flange such that there remains sufficient flange strength and sufficient weight reduction is realized. The lightening portion is axially inside a bearing insertion hole, opens radially inwardly and has a maximum diameter longer than diameters of the bearing insertion hole and an axle hole.

Abstract: A method of and system for identifying the position of magnetic poles of a rotor of a multi-phase electrical machine relative to a stator of that machine is disclosed. The method includes the steps of applying a voltage pulse to stator windings of each phase, sensing current flow in the stator windings of each phase due to the application of the voltage pulse to the respective stator windings and determining the position of the magnetic poles of the rotor relative to the stator using the sensed current flow in the stator windings of each phase. The method is characterized in that the phases of the stator windings are star-connected at a neutral junction and the voltage pulse is applied to the stator windings of each phase in parallel.

Abstract: A method for forming a domain-inverted structure includes the following: using a ferroelectric substrate (1) having a principal surface substantially perpendicular to the Z axis of crystals; providing a first electrode (3) on the principal surface of the ferroelectric substrate, the first electrode having a pattern of a plurality of electrode fingers (5) that are arranged periodically; providing a counter electrode (6) on the other side of the ferroelectric substrate so as to be opposite from the first electrode; and applying an electric field to the ferroelectric substrate with the first electrode and the counter electrode, thereby forming domain-inverted regions corresponding to the pattern of the first electrode in the ferroelectric substrate. Each of the electrode fingers of the first electrode is located so that a direction from a base to a tip (5a) of the electrode finger is aligned with the Y-axis direction of the crystals of the ferroelectric substrate.

Abstract: A stator (50) for an electrical machine. A core of the stator (50) is made up of a series of connected segments (42), that are rotatable relative to one another during an assembly operation. Each segment (42) includes a radially outermost base portion (44) from which a respective integral pole piece (46) projects substantially inwardly to a pole piece tip. The tip includes a surface (49) that is arcuate and concentric with an axis of rotation of the machine. Each pole piece (46) projects in a non-radial direction and such that a semi-closed slot (48) arranged to locate part of a least one coil (30) therein is provided between each pair of juxtaposed pole pieces (46). A coil (30) is fittable to a respective one of the pole pieces (46) during the assembly operation without deformation of the pole piece (46).

Abstract: A valve system of an internal combustion engine mounted on a vehicle comprises a valve characteristic varying mechanism for controlling valve operation characteristics of an engine valve, and an electric motor of the valve characteristic varying mechanism is disposed in the exterior of a valve chamber defined by the cylinder head. The cylinder head is provided with a duct, for guiding a running airflow therethrough, between a combustion chamber and the valve chamber. The electric motor is laid out at a position which is adjacent to the valve chamber in the radial direction with respect to the cylinder axis and at which the running airflow having flowed in via an inlet portion and having passed through the duct collides on the electric motor.

Abstract: The present invention relates an improved process for the preparation of tetrahydro-?-carboline derivative of formula (V) which is useful as an intermediate for the preparation of Tadalafil of formula (I).

Abstract: In a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, a hydraulic pump is linked to a hydraulic motor by a hydraulic closed circuit to change the capacity of the hydraulic motor so as to change the speed of a motorcycle continuously. A clutch device comprising a clutch valve for connecting and disconnecting a high pressure side oil passage and a low pressure side oil passage constituting the hydraulic closed circuit. A governor mechanism for generating governor force corresponding to the input rotation speed of the hydraulic pump and applying this governor force in the closing direction of the clutch valve. A spring for giving urging force in the opening direction of the clutch valve, and a buffer mechanism having a variable oil chamber and an oil pool chamber for easing the opening and closing movements of the clutch valve activated according to the governor force and the urging force.

Abstract: A central core type marking pen which has an ink storage portion of a central core and a pen tip connected thereto, wherein the central core contains a water-based pigment-containing ink composition which contains a thickening agent and exhibits, at 20° C., a viscosity of not less than 45 mPa·s and not greater than 12 mPa·s when a stress of 0.01 and a stress of 10 Pa are applied, respectively.

Abstract: A rotor disc assembly 10 for an AC machine includes a rotor disc 20, permanent magnets 30 and a spider 40. The rotor disc 10 has a circumferential lip 22 projecting from a surface thereof. The permanent magnets 30 are positioned in a circular array on the surface of the rotor disc 20, with constant angular pitch, and so as to lie against the lip 22. The spider includes an annular base portion 41, with a plurality of arms 42 projecting radially outwards therefrom. The spider 40 is fixed to the surface of the rotor disc 20 such that each arm 42 is between and abuts a respective juxtaposed pair of the permanent magnets 30. The arms 42 and the members 30 are each provided with cooperating wedge-shaped cross sections such that each arm 42 constrains the respective two permanent magnets 30 both axially and tangentially on the surface of the rotor disc 20.

Abstract: A differential mechanism is arranged below an infinitely variable transmission and a reduction gear mechanism. Front fitting parts and rear fitting parts for fitting suspension arms to a vehicle frame are arranged to the front and rear of the deferential mechanism. Even though the left and right suspension arms swing up and down, or a transmission and a reduction gear mechanism attached on a vehicle frame swing left and right with respect to the suspension arms, there is no interference of the transmission and the reduction gear mechanism with the suspension arms due to a space at the front and the rear of a differential mechanism, so that the vehicle frame can swing left and right and it is also possible to easily constitute a vehicle having an independent suspension.

Abstract: A capacitance sensor of the present invention is equipped with a sensor unit that comprises a pair of detection electrodes, which are connected to respective reference capacitors, are provided with being oppositely separated, and can contact each other; and an insulation member having flexibility by holding at least one detection electrode. And a capacitance type object detection method thereof is an object detection method for detecting an object's nearing: when the object nears, a non-contact sensor detects it with non contact according to a change of a capacitance; and when the object makes contact, a contact sensor, which deforms by the contact of the object, detects it with contact.

Abstract: The present invention is including: a piezoelectric element actuator provided on a chassis frame and capable of generating a load along the chassis frame; and, a control unit that controls the load of the piezoelectric element actuator.

Abstract: A reed valve having a plate shaped support substrate with a valve hole formed in a central section passing through in a plate thickness direction is provided. A flexible plate-shaped reed covering the valve hole at one surface of the support substrate and having one end in a longitudinal direction that is fixed to the support substrate. The support substrate has a rib extending along a center line in a longitudinal direction of the inside of the valve hole, to divide the valve hole into two spaces. A surface of the rib opposite to the reed is positioned on substantially the same plane as a surface of the support substrate to which the rib is attached, and is adjacent to the reed.

Abstract: A motorcycle in which a fuel tank and a radiator are disposed on the lower side of a floor tunnel portion disposed in the area ranging from the rear side of a head pipe for steerably bearing a front wheel and a steering handle to the lower side of the front end of a rider's seat to make it possible to arrange component parts while effectively utilizing the space on the lower side of the floor tunnel portion.

Abstract: The invention provides 1,3,5-tris(arylamino)benzenes represented by the general formula (I) wherein A is naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, biphenylyl or terphenylyl group, and R is alkyl having 1–6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl group having five or six carbon atoms. The 1,3,5-tris(arylamino)benzenes have oxidation potentials in the range of about 0.5–0.6V, excellent reversibility in oxidation-reduction process and high glass transition temperatures and in addition, they are capable of forming stable and durable amorphous film useful as high performance organic semiconductors at normal temperatures or higher with no aid of binder resins, that is, by themselves.

Abstract: An underfloor storage structure for a vehicle comprises a floor panel (5) which includes a concave portion as a storage space (6), and which partially covers a port (7) of the storage space, a rotatable tray (36) disposed in the storage space (6), and at least one lid (8) for selectively closing the remaining portion of the port (7) of the storage space (6). A passenger seated in one of seats (2, 3) of the vehicle can freely and easily access pieces of luggage stored in the storage space (6) by rotating the rotatable tray (36).

Abstract: A power unit for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine including a cylinder block and a crankshaft. A speed change drive shaft is disposed at a position on the upper side of a static oil hydraulic type non-stage transmission and in parallel to the axis of the transmission. A plane connecting the axis of the speed change drive shaft and the axis of the transmission does not intersect with the axis of the crankshaft, and intersects with the axis of the cylinder center axis of the cylinder block at a position on the lower side of the axis of the crankshaft while making an acute angle with the axis of the cylinder center axis of the cylinder block.

Abstract: An electric power steering apparatus is provided, which has a first device for detection of steering torque, a motor, a motor drive unit, a second device for determining a target current based upon at least a signal of steering torque, a third device for detection of a motor current, and a control unit for generating a signal for motor drive based upon at least a deviation between the target current and motor current and transmitting the signal for motor drive to the motor drive unit. The apparatus has a feature that the control unit includes a fourth device for weakening a magnetic field within the motor according to the deviation or a value computed based upon the deviation.