Abstract: An object-oriented software architecture interacts with "real" input/output devices exclusively through "virtual" input/output devices. Since all human interface with the operating system is performed through such virtual devices, the system can accept any form of real input or output devices. The lowest level of the operating system converts input from any physical device to virtual form and converts virtual output into suitable physical output. Any number of physical devices can be connected to, removed from, or replaced in the system without disrupting the system.

Abstract: A burst error scrubbing system and method consecutively detects and corrects errors in all of memory, beginning with data stored at the first address of memory and continuing until data stored at the last address of memory is read, corrected and written back to memory. Burst error scrubbing is not performed during a refresh cycle but instead is programmable so that the burst scrubbing can be performed at a specific time interval.

Abstract: A system including a number of circuit boards is provided that configures itself automatically. Any number of circuit boards can be placed in any order including sandwich arrangements where the circuit boards automatically configure themselves without any manual intervention by a skilled individual changing jumpers or strapping devices. The multi-board system removes the possibility of an error occurring while configuring the memory and registers.

Abstract: A controller operates with a cellular communication system that transmits primary communications. The controller recovers a portion of the spectrum assigned to the primary communications for reuse in transmitting secondary communications. The primary communications' cells move in a predictable manner relative to a site at which the controller is located. The controller monitors primary communications to determine the current active cell. The identities of past active cells are saved so that a historical sequence of active cells is available. A map defining the relative orientation of cells is used with the historical sequence information to predict tracks through newly entered active cells. Based on this prediction, a recoverable cell is selected. Communication link parameters of the recoverable cell are used for secondary communications. The identity of the recoverable cell changes in response to changes in the identity of the active cell.

Abstract: A method is provided for using a scroll bar to select and view exact pages of a document without downloading unwanted pages of the document. Instead of displaying all the pages before a particular page is selected via scroll bar, the method does not display any of the incremental or unwanted pages before the actual selected page is selected, retrieved and displayed.

Abstract: A post-processing method for an optical character recognition (OCR) method for combining different OCR engines to identify and resolve characters and attributes of the characters that are erroneously recognized by multiple optical character recognition engines. The characters can originate from many different types of character environments. OCR engine outputs are synchronized in order to detect matches and mismatches between said OCR engine outputs by using synchronization heuristics. The mismatches are resolved using resolution heuristics and neural networks. The resolution heuristics and neural networks are based on observing many different conventional OCR engines in different character environments to find what specific OCR engine correctly identifies a certain character having particular attributes. The results are encoded into the resolution heuristics and neural networks to create an optimal OCR post-processing solution.

Abstract: A number of modules mechanically and electrically connect to each other to form an interconnecting module system. A latching mechanism connects each of the modules together. There is a backplane in each of the modules. The backplanes are interconnected When the modules are interconnected to each other. In addition, the modules can be stacked on top of each other and on top of a base. The base provides stability and support for the stack of modules.

Abstract: A diacritical marker recognition system and method recognizes diacritical markers in a character image based upon an analysis by a neural network of the portion of the character image most likely to contain a diacritical marker. Once the neural network determines that a diacritical marker most likely exists in the character image, the system determines by using heuristics whether a diacritical marker exists or whether the character image appears to contain a diacritical marker which is actually a regular character.

Abstract: A distributed communication network includes switching offices (SOs), moving-orbit satellites, and subscriber information managers (SIMs). A population of mobile units (MUs) communicates through the network. A MU automatically determines its location and communicates with the network so that this information is kept current at a SO serving the MU and at a home SIM for the MU. The terrestrial nodes of the network have information showing which MUs are logged on at any given time. This knowledge is used to block calls to MUs known to be logged off. Calls are setup through cooperation between SOs. When calls are being setup to MUs, call-originating SOs determine appropriate SIMs and obtains the current location of the MUs from those SIMs. This current location corresponds to a call-destination SO with which the originating SO may cooperate in setting up a call.

Abstract: A device has a plurality of memory portions, a first portion having an output enable and input/output connections and a second portion without output enables and having separate input and output connections. A tri-state buffer has its input coupled to the output connection of the second memory portion and its output coupled to the input connection of the second memory portion. A control connection of the buffer is coupled to the output enable of the device.

Abstract: Data is retrieved from a database, whose physical organization (indexed matrix) is similar to the logical organization (spread sheet) of the data, by requesting the parameters and the desired time interval. A data interface locates pages in the database containing the requested parameters. Entries from page indexes relating to desired parameters are consolidated into a master composite index. Pages relating to the time period requested are then bound and searched to find the desired data. This data is then returned to the requesting application.

Abstract: Annotations to data objects are stored in the object instance and may be stored in an annotation file or a reference may be store in a reference file. Once annotated, a cell displaying the data object will provide a notation indicating that the data object has an annotation associated therewith. Retrieval of annotations which are not stored in an annotation file or reference file occurs through a search of the object instances. Retrieval of annotations having a reference in a reference file occurs through use of the reference to access the object instances. Retrieval of annotations in an annotation file occurs through retrieval of the annotation file. Once retrieved, the annotations may be in a final form, such as the nursing progress notes, or may be on a scratch pad to allow the user to electronically transfer annotations from a scratch pad to a permanent record.

Abstract: A spreadsheet comprised of a plurality of cells is described wherein each cell is separately identified by one or more parameters. The cells are dynamically configured so that the size may be changed depending on the information to be displayed. Each cell has an accompanying form which contains information. The information is generally broken down into mandatory, optional, notational, and other information. The determination of how the information is classified is determined by the cell definition, not by the form or data being displayed. Each cell will display the mandatory information and may display the optional information if present in the form. In addition, a notation (or indicator) will be displayed in the cell if notational information is present in the form.

Abstract: An arbitration system and method are provided for arbitrating access to a system resource such as a memory, wherein the address decode and arbitration portions of the arbitration cycle occur simultaneously thereby reducing the overall arbitration cycle time.

Abstract: Input to the system is buffered by the forms manager to determine access to the tile/region and to check entered data. The tile/region will retain various information such as data entered, user, time, changes, etc. To display a form, the forms manager obtains a list of objects to be displayed. This list of objects is then edited to remove objects which are not utilized and to place the remaining objects in a prioritized order. The forms manager then generates the display.

Abstract: A concurrent arbitration system and method are provided wherein the most recent requester retains control of a system resource under certain conditions and is allowed access to the resource during a portion of an arbitration cycle which will result in the granting of access to the resource by another requester. This overlapping of a resource access cycle and an arbitration cycle decreases the overall arbitration time and therefore reduces the overall resource access time.