Abstract: A non-water dispersible water-softening bead is disclosed having from 80 to 90% sodium alumino silicate and from 10 to 20% low density polyethylene. The bead has a diameter of between 200 and 1000 microns and a calcium capacity of at least 200 mg calcium carbonate/g. The sodium alumino silicate has a silica to aluminum oxide molar ratio of between 2:1 and 4:1 and a sodium oxide to aluminum oxide molar ratio of between 0.8:1 and 1.2:1.

Abstract: Reject material which has been removed from a thermal black process by a screen and impinged on a plate in the bag filter, can be upgraded by removing material which has been reduced in size by being sucked into the bag filter, and adding that material to the product stream. The material of reduced size is removed by a vibrating screen. Some 50 to 60% of the reject material can be upgraded by this process.

Abstract: A new silica is formed by hydrothermally reacting an aqueous dispersion of silica and sodium hydroxide, under certain conditions, to form a partly polymerized silicate; spray drying the mixture to form spheres of polysilicate; reacting the spray dried polysilicate with sulfuric acid to form a synthetic silica; and then filtering, washing and drying the silica. This and other silicas having a BET surface area greater than 60 sq m/g, and oil absorption of 60-140 cc/100 g, and with at least 70% of the silica larger than 44 microns are useful as adsorbents in polyol purification.

Abstract: The chloride ion and carbonate ion concentrations of a strongly alkaline solution can be reduced by the process of mixing sodium aluminosilicate into the solution, heating the resulting solution to a temperature of at least 90 degrees Celsius to form a sodalite type product, and filtering the sodalite type product from the solution.

Abstract: An inorganic water-softening bead is disclosed having a density of from 36 to 46 lbs/cu ft consisting of at least 66% of sodium alumino silicate on an anhydrous basis; from 1 to 20% of sodium silicate; from 1 to 20% of a solubilizing agent, such as sodium sulfate; and the remainder being water. The sodium alumino silicate has a silica to aluminum oxide ratio of between 2:1 and 4:1 and a sodium oxide to aluminum oxide ratio of between 0.8:1 and 1:1. The sodium silicate has a silica to sodium oxide ratio of between 1:1 and 3.3:1.

Abstract: An improved method for separating minute, weakly magnetically susceptible particles from an aqueous clay-water slurry containing said particles in minor concentration with substantially non-magnetic minute mineral particles. In accordance with the improvement, the effects of subjecting said particles to separation in a magnetic field, are augmented by subjecting the slurry to a preliminary treatment which mechanically works the dispersed phase of the slurry as to effect release of the contaminant particles. Such working may, for example, be provided by subjecting the slurry, preferably at high solids content, to mechanical shear, to high velocity impact, or to kneading.

Abstract: The tail gas generated by the carbon black process can be used as a source of fuel for drying carbon black without adversely affecting the product properties of the end product if the dried carbon black is heat treated using a fuel free of sulfur and nitrogen compounds.

Abstract: The corrosion and staining of unlined aluminum tube surfaces by dentifrices such as toothpastes, particularly when the dentifrices contain therapeutic agents, is substantially prevented by incorporation into the dentifrice of a controlled amount of an alkaline earth metal ion such as calcium ion, in the range of 0.005-0.2 weight percent, and preferably in the range of 0.005-0.070 weight percent of the dentifrice. The alkaline earth metal may be provided from any water soluble alkaline earth metal salt or as a reaction product of the alkaline earth metal salt with an amorphous silica abrasive and/or thickener.

Abstract: A synthetic precipitated silicon dioxide is provided which is an abrasive agent for use in toothpaste or other dentifrice compositions wherein the precipitated silicon dioxide has a controlled particle size, narrow size distribution and controlled functional properties including very low structure and an oil absorption of less than about 60 cc/100 g. The precipitated silicon dioxide provides a product which is more economical to produce than silica xerogels now used in dentifrices, and provides a precipitated silicon dioxide which gives excellent clarity in clear gel dentifrice compositions.

Abstract: Zeolite X can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 5:1. Zeolite A can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 3:1. The resulting zeolite X and zeolite A have an average particle size below 2 microns. A combination of zeolite X and zeolite A can be made in the same reaction. Sand can be used as a source of silica in the production of zeolite Y by activating the sand with from 50 to 2000 ppm alumina.

Abstract: The present invention provides an effective means of increasing the production rate of a carbon black process. A hydrocarbon fuel is burned in an insufficient amount of air to support complete combustion to produce a hot gas mixture which produces a tail-gas containing carbon black by the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon feedstock. This tail-gas is quenched, the carbon black is removed, and the tail-gas is dried. One or more of the combustible components are removed from the dried tail-gas and from 33 1/3% to 100% of the fuel is replaced with the combustible components so removed.

Abstract: A method for producing a precipitated silicon dioxide having a new combination of physical and chemical properties is disclosed. The pigments are produced by acidulating a solution of an alkali metal silicate with an acid under controlled precipitation conditions. The aqueous reaction medium comprising the precipitated silica is then post-conditioned by introducing a second silicate solution into the reaction vessel and thereafter adding additional acid to react with the said second silicate solution. By varying the amount of the silicate employed in the post-conditioning step, a product is obtained which has a unique combination of physical and chemical properties including reduced wet cake moisture content, high surface areas and oil absorptions, improved surface activity, friability, wetting characteristics, and the like. The product has particular utility for use as a rubber reinforcing agent because of its increased surface activity and oil absorption, etc.

Abstract: A method for increasing the bulk density of silica. Acid is added to an aqueous silica wet cake slurry to bring the pH to about 1.8 to 4.0, and dry fine particle silica is added with an agitator rpm of at least 2000 rpm. The acid and silica are alternately added until a homogeneous consistency is obtained with a solids concentration of above 30%.

Abstract: A process for making densified kaolin clay pellets of high bulk density, good handling and bulk flow properties, and low moisture content is disclosed. The process consists essentially of mixing substantially dry kaolin clay with steam to bring the total moisture content of the finely divided kaolin clay to from about 17% to about 26% by weight based on the weight of said dry kaolin clay during mixing in a roller mixer, followed by screening, and subsequent pelletization in a roller while drying. The pellets are dried to 1% or less moisture content by weight based on the weight of dry kaolin clay.

Abstract: The corrosion and staining of unlined aluminum tube surfaces by dentifrices such as toothpastes, particularly when the dentifrices contain therapeutic agents, is substantially prevented by incorporation into the dentifrice of a controlled amount of an alkaline earth metal ion such as calcium ion, in the range of 0.005-0.2 weight percent, and preferably in the range of 0.005-0.070 weight percent of the dentifrice. The alkaline earth metal may be provided from any water soluble alkaline earth metal salt or as a reaction product of the alkaline earth metal salt with an amorphous silica abrasive and/or thickener.

Abstract: Process for the manufacturing of silicas having a specific surface area ranging between 100 and 600 sq m/g, which does not vary upon drying, due to the action of a strong acid on an alkaline silicate, characterized by the fact that the addition of strong acid to the alkaline silicate is interrupted one to three times.

Abstract: A process for making densified pellets of pigmentary materials such as kaolin clay and talc of high bulk density, good handling and bulk flow properties, and low moisture content is disclosed. The process consists essentially of mixing substantially dry pigmentary material with water to bring the total moisture content of the finely divided pigmentary material to from about 17% to about 26% by weight based on the weight of said dry pigmentary material during mixing in a pin mixer, followed by screening, and subsequent pelletization in a roller while drying. The pellets are dryed to 1% or less moisture content by weight based on the weight of dry pigmentary material.

Abstract: Zeolite X can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 5:1. Zeolite A can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 3:1. The resulting zeolite X and zeolite A have an average particle size below 2 microns. A combination of zeolite X and zeolite A can be made in the same reaction. Sand can be used as a source of silica in the production of zeolite Y by activating the sand with from 50 to 2000 ppm alumina.

Abstract: .Iadd.Finely divided particulate inorganic pigment is surface modified with from about 1% to about 15% of an amino organosilane, particularly gamma-aminopropyltriethoxy silane. Thermosetting resins incorporating such modified inorganic pigments exhibit improved physical properties.

Abstract: Novel alkali aluminum silicate particulates, modified with and containing a chemically bound alkaline earth metal, are disclosed. The alumino silicate pigments contain an alkaline earth metal, preferably calcium or magnesium, in addition to an alkali metal, such as sodium. In chemical composition, the pigments contain oxides of the alkaline earth metal, the alkali metal, aluminum and silicon and are distinguishable from co-precipitates. The pigments are prepared by introducing dilute solutions of an alkali silicate and an aluminum salt of a mineral acid into an agitated aqueous receiving medium containing an alkaline earth salt or hydroxide. The pH of the fluid reaction medium may be controlled to form finely divided precipitated particulates having improved properties and which may be used as pigments in paper, paint, rubber, inks, plastics, and the like.