Abstract: A novel catalyst system for the polymerization of alpha-olefins is provided. The catalyst system is produced by a process comprising heating to an effective temperature for an effective length of time:(i) an organoaluminum containing component comprising an organoaluminum compound and an electron donor compound, e.g. triethyl aluminum and ethyl anisate, and(ii) a titanium halide containing component obtained by contacting a titanium halide compound, e.g. TiCl.sub.4, or complex of the titanium halide compound and an electron donor compound, e.g. TiCl.sub.4.ethylbenzoate, with a support which comprises as the essential support material thereof an anhydrous bihalide of magnesium or manganese in an active state.The combination of effective temperature and effective time is selected to be sufficient to produce a catalyst system having enhanced stereospecificity.

Abstract: An unmilled catalytic component for polymerizing olefins with high activity to yield polymers with high stereoregularity and a narrow particle size distribution with a low weight percentage of small particles comprises a solid, unmilled support containing magnesium-halogen bonds, a transition metal halide of a metal selected from Groups IVB and VB of the periodic table, and electron donors.This catalytic component is obtained by steps comprising:(a) contacting a Mg(OR).sub.2 and/or Mn(OR).sub.2 compound with a Ti(OR).sub.4 compound to comprise a liquid, where R is a hydrocarbyl or halogenated hydrocarbyl moiety containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a halogen,(b) reacting the liquid with a fluid comprising a halogenating agent and treatment with an electron donor to form a treated solid, and(c) post-treating the solid with a transition metal halide.

Abstract: This invention comprises a catalytic component for polymerizing olefins comprising a siliceous support containing magnesium halide, a transition metal halide, and an electron donor obtained by steps comprising:(a) infusing siliceous oxide with magnesium halide complexed with an alcohol to form a support;(b) reacting the support with an organometallic compound of a metal from Groups I to III of the periodic table to form an intermediate;(c) reacting the intermediate complex with an electron donor to form an intermediary complex; and(d) reacting the intermediary complex with a fluid comprising a transition metal halide.

Abstract: A novel catalytic system for polymerizing olefins comprises:(a) a cocatalytic component containing an organometallic compound of Groups I-III of the periodic table, and(b) a catalytic component containing titanium obtained by:(i) copulverizing a substantially anhydrous magnesium compound containing halogen or manganese compound containing halogen with: a phenol, an organic polymer containing silicon, a titanium halide, and an electron-donor compound to produce a copulverized product, and(ii) reacting the copulverized product with a liquid titanium compound containing halogen.The invention also encompasses the novel catalytic component, processes for preparing the catalytic component containing titanium, and the use of the novel catalytic system for polyermizing olefins.

Abstract: A catalytic system for polymerizing olefins comprises:(a) a component containing an organoaluminum compound, and(b) a component containiong a titanium halide prepared by a process comprising:(i) intimately contacting a magnesium compound containing halogen or a manganese compound containing halogen with a carboxylic acid to produce an activated product,(ii) optionally treating the activated product with a phenol, and(iii) reacting the activated product, optionally treated with phenol, with a titanium halide compound.The invention also includes a process for preparing component (b) containing a titanium halide, the composition of component (b), and the use of the catalytic system for polymerizing olefins such as ethylene or propylene.

Abstract: A catalytic system for polymerizing olefins comprises:(a) a component containing an organoaluminum compound, and(b) a component containing a titanium halide obtained by:(i) copulverizing a magnesium compound containing halogen or a manganese compound containing halogen with at least one electron-donor compound to produce a copulverized product,(ii) treating the copulverized product with an ether to produce a treated product, and(iii) reacting the treated product with a titanium chloride.The novel catalytic system is useful for polymerizing olefins such as ethylene and propylene.A process for producing the component containing a titanium halide is also provided.

Abstract: A process for preparing an effective support for the titanium halide component of a coordinate complex catalyst for the polymerization of alpha-olefins comprises the steps of:(a) intimately contacting a magnesium or manganese chloride or bromide with a drying agent at an elevated temperature,(b) milling the magnesium or manganese chloride or bromide so as to activate its surface; and(c) repeat contacting step (a) and milling step (b) for two or more cycles, whereby the effective support is produced.

Abstract: A novel catalyst system for the polymerization of alpha-olefins is provided. The catalyst system comprises: (a) an organoaluminum containing component, e.g. triethyl aluminum, and (b) a titanium halide containing component. The titanium halide containing component is obtained by co-pulverizing a halogen containing magnesium compound, e.g. MgCl.sub.2, with an electron-donor compound, e.g. ethyl benzoate, to produce a co-pulverized product. The co-pulverized product is then reacted with an organic phosphite, e.g. triphenyl phosphite, to produce a reaction product. The reaction product is then reacted with a titanium halide compound, e.g. TiCl.sub.4.A novel titanium halide containing component is provided as well as a process for producing said component. A process for the polymerization of alpha-olefins is also provided.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of organophosphorus derivatives of organic hydroxyl or sulfhydryl compounds which includes the step of electrolyzing said organic hydroxyl or sulfhydryl compounds in an electrochemical cell having an anode comprising ferrophosphorus.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of organophosphorus derivatives of organic hydroxyl or sulfhydryl compounds which includes the step of electrolyzing said organic hydroxyl or sulfhydryl compounds in an electrochemical cell having an anode comprising elemental phosphorus.

Abstract: A novel catalyst system for the polymerization of alpha-olefins is provided. The catalyst system comprises:(a) an organoaluminum containing component, e.g. triethyl aluminum, and(b) a titanium halide containing component.The titanium halide containing component is obtained by reacting a halogen containing magnesium compound, e.g. MgCl.sub.2, with an organic phosphite, e.g. triphenyl phosphite, to produce a reaction product. The reaction product is then co-pulverized with a complex of a titanium halide compound and an electron donor compound, e.g. TiCl.sub.4.ethyl benzoate, to produce a co-pulverized product. The co-pulverized product is then reacted with a titanium halide compound, e.g. TiCl.sub.4.A novel titanium halide containing component is provided as well as a process for producing said component. A process for the polymerization of alpha-olefins is also provided.

Abstract: A novel catalyst system for the polymerization of alpha-olefins is provided. The catalyst system comprises: (a) an organoaluminum containing component, e.g. triethyl aluminum, and (b) a titanium halide containing component. The titanium halide containing component is obtained by copulverizing a halogen containing magnesium compound, e.g. MgCl.sub.2, with an active hydrogen containing organic compound, e.g. phenol, to produce a copulverized product. The copulverized product is then reacted with an organometallic compound of a metal of Groups I to III of the Periodic Table, e.g. triethyl aluminum, to produce a reaction product. The reaction product is then copulverized with a complex of a first titanium halide compound and an electron-donor, e.g. TiCl.sub.4.ethyl benzoate, to produce a solid reaction product. The solid reaction product is then reacted with a second titanium halide compound, e.g. TiCl.sub.4.

Abstract: The free radical copolymerization of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, and bis(hydrocarbyl)vinyl phosphonate in emulsion is moderated by the addition at the beginning of the reaction of an electronically resonating additive such as alphamethylstyrene. The use of such an additive limits the increase in viscosity of the system without retarding the rate of polymerization.

Abstract: Tetraalkyl silicates are produced by the reaction of silicon metal with an alkanol in the presence of an alkali metal salt of an alkoxyalkoxy alcohol or a polyalkylene glycol in either an alkoxyalkoxy alcohol or a polyalkylene glycol or mixtures thereof and recovery of the product. Tetramethyl silicate and tetraethyl silicate are the preferred products. The preferred alkoxyalkoxy alcohol is 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol. The preferred glycol is diethylene glycol. An indifferent solvent and/or a hydroxide-scavenger may be employed in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A catalyst for the oxidation of sulfur dioxide comprising vanadium supported by a microporous carrier is disclosed. The microporous carrier is characterized by a silica content greater than 85 percent, an alumina content greater than 3 but less than 5 percent, an iron content less than 2.0 percent, a surface area greater than 10 m.sup.2 /g, a bulk density more than 0.10 and less than 0.35 g/cc, a mean pore diameter greater than 0.3 and less than 2.5 micrometers, a pore volume greater than 2 ml/g, and a porosity greater than 65 percent. The product containing vanadium is easily extrudable into pellets or other shaped forms to give both a durable and highly active catalyst. Diatomaceous earths of the Actinoptychus class, especially Actinoptychus undulata, and of the Coscinadiscus class meet the criteria stated above, as do some acid-leached montmorillonite clays.

Abstract: Metal alkoxides, such as antimony glyoxide, are produced in the anolyte of a compartmented electrochemical cell, characterized by the seperation of the anolyte from the catholyte by an anion-exchange membrane. The anode comprises the sacrifical metal; the cathode is an indifferent material. Monohydric metal alkoxides also can be produced.

Abstract: A continuous process for the electrochemical production of insoluble metal alkoxides comprises the steps of continuously removing the slurry of electrolyte and product from the cell, separating the product from the electrolyte, and returning the clarified electrolyte to the cell.