Abstract: A remotely mountable weatherproof bi-directional, half-duplex switching amplifier system is designed to provide maximum range for low power half-duplex radios such as Spread Spectrum radio transceivers. This invention automatically senses when to go into the transmitter amplification mode and puts all the transmit power right at the antenna. In the receive mode, it provides low noise pre amplification of received signals at the antenna thereby minimizing or even eliminating the effects of the coaxial transmission line from the radio transceiver to the remote location of the antenna. The invention is preferred to be in a waterproof enclosure adjacent to the antenna mounted to a pole and powered by a DC injector and excited by a transceiver, both pole and injector located remote from the mounting pole and also includes an improved electrostatic overvoltage protection device.

Abstract: The main distinctive feature of the new design is that the rim has an O-shape of cross-section instead of the conventional U-shape (channel) of cross-section to hold a solid of filled tire is disclosed. The rim assembly or disc type of wheels, for example as one shown in FIG. 2, consists of two half pieces, separating along a central plane. The half pieces are first molded and then are bonded to form a light, hollow and strong rim and wheel assembly. A wheel assembly having a solid tire is made by pouring formed polymer materials such as polyurethane into a rotating mold in which the rim assembly is used as an insert. Use of rotating/reaction casting method can achieve a very high productivity. Optionally a double shot molding may be employed to concentrate strong rigid material such as glass filled nylon in the flat cone and softer polypropylene in the rim.

Abstract: A trussed frame for use in structures and particularly those structures having long-span requirements in which there is at least one compression member comprised of hollow steel filled with high strength concrete forming a composite having a higher load carrying capacity than the total load carrying capacity of the hollow steel compression member and concrete each acting alone and a pre-compressed rolled structure steel tension member having high strength steel post-tension tendons anchored to the trussed frame at the respective ends of the tendon.

Abstract: An improved housing for use in a laser pump module, including a laser rod housed within a sleeve and laser diodes providing the rod excitation, wherein the main housing structure is constructed from a single piece of material and formed with internal interconnected internal passageways to provide for efficient cooling of the pump sources and the sleeve provides the outer wall of the coolant passage for cooling of the laser rod.

Abstract: A fluid treatment system for changing the rates of growth of certain crystals and other solids formed within a fluid is disclosed herein. The apparatus includes a variable speed motor having a shaft, and a wheel assembly mounted on the shaft. The wheel assembly includes two circular ferro-magnetic disks separated from each other on the shaft a pre-determined distance to form a gap, and a ferro-magnetic spacer member concentrically arranged about the shaft and located in the gap between the disks. An array of magnets is concentrically arranged in a circular pattern about the shaft on the inner surface of each of the disks with the polarity of the inner pole faces of the magnets on one of the disks being the same as each other and the polarity of the inner pole faces of the magnets on the other of the disks being the same as each other but opposite to the polarity of the inner pole faces of said magnets on the one disk.

Abstract: A large area nuclear detection system with high resolution includes a sensor formed of scintillating optical fibers and a remotely located detector comprising at least a pair of microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes, with the sensitive area of the sensor being many times the area of the detectors. Two linear arrays of optical fibers are arranged orthogonally to define a sensor matrix of rows and columns of fibers. Nuclear radiation from a particle at the sensor is converted to optical energy by the sensor. A microchannel PMT is connected with each array for measuring the optical energy output of the fibers thereof to determine the row and column location of the nuclear particle in accordance with the quantity of energy received from the fibers. Thus, nuclear radiation can be detected over a large area with a high degree of accuracy and resolution.

Abstract: A high intensity laser radiation protection system is characterized by the use of a thin film reflector structure which is operable to terminate transmission of optical signals to an optical sensor in response to high intensity laser radiation. The thin film reflector includes a glass substrate having a thin layer of radiation absorption material applied thereto with a thin layer of reflective metal film applied to the absorption layer. The absorption layer has a low melting and vaporization temperature, and the layer of metal film has a thickness affording passage of a limited amount of laser radiation to the absorption layer. When laser radiation having a predetermined intensity is received by the absorption layer, the absorption layer rapidly melts and destroys the metal film layer to terminate optical transmission to the optical sensor, thereby preventing damage to the sensor from the laser radiation.

Abstract: An improved wire detection and avoidance system for helicopters is characterized by the use of a solid state laser transmitter which emits radiation in the near infrared wavelength region. Using either a beam dividing device or a plurality of laser diode arrays, separate laser beam lobes are generated which are passed through optical lenses for deflection in slightly different directions to define a field of coverage. A wire obstacle in the field of coverage intercepts one or more of the lobes and reflects return signals thereof to a receiver detector array. The return signals are compared with the transmitted laser lobes, with the difference therebetween being a function of the range between the obstacle and the helicopter. The range information is displayed to the pilot who then takes evasive action to avoid striking the obstacle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for non-destructive monitoring of the performance parameters of a photodiode prior to integration into a focal plane array are characterized by the use of electron tunneling techniques. The photodiode under test is illuminated with infrared radiation to generate a current therein. The current within the photodiode is measured by a contactless tunnel current probe. The measured current is electrically processed to determine the dynamic resistance and responsitivity of the photodiode in order to evaluate its performance. The apparatus can also be used for testing integrated circuits in the active mode at a plurality of locations.

Abstract: A refrigerant charging tool for use with conventional size freon cans, the tool being a hand-held implement adapted to nest about a can in a socket with extending lever arms normally spaced apart and adapted by squeezing to be biased toward one another to cause a piercing element to pierce the can and wherein the piercing element includes a valve to control flow from the can.

Abstract: An improved high speed method for producing quantities of discrete envelope assemblies and an assembly produced thereby, each assembly including an envelope and separate double folded enclosure formed from the same blank of sheet material and having personalized information printed on both the envelope and enclosure that is unique to each assembly.The method provides for continuous operation of the method steps all occurring one after the other as each assembly travels in the same general direction throughout all processing operations.

Abstract: A method for producing quantities of discrete envelope assemblies, and assemblies produced thereby, including at least one separate enclosure for each assembly, the invention allows formation of the envelope and enclosure from the same sheet of material and allows marking of both envelope and enclosure with indicia which can be unique to each assembly. The method particularly allows continuous, high speed manufacture of assemblies personalized by name and address or the like by printing the indicia on a web of sheet material followed by formation of the web into a plurality of separate envelopes and enclosures with the envelopes and enclosures having like indicia being associated, the method including the use of a fugitive adhesive effected during manufacture, the contour cutting of the web prior to folding and the maintenance of a singular direction of travel of the web and element cut therefrom throughout manufacture.

Abstract: An optical fiber security system having two optical fiber strands each with a light transmission and detection capability such that a deformation as is caused by unwanted intrusion of one of the strands with respect to the other is detected.

Abstract: An improved high speed method for producing quantities of discrete envelope assemblies and assemblies produced thereby, each assembly including an envelope and separate enclosure formed from the same blank of sheet material and having personalized information printed on both the envelope and enclosure that is unique to each assembly.The method provides for continuous operation of the method steps all occurring one after the other as each assembly travels in the same general direction throughout all processing operations.

Abstract: A manually operable valve apparatus capable of temporary attachment at one end directly to a refrigeration apparatus which is to be charged with a pressurized refrigerant, such as from a portable source of refrigerant, the present valve apparatus can be attached at its opposite end to a hose or the like to communicate with a pressurized source of refrigerant. The valve comprises an internal spring-loaded valving element having pins at each end which each contact a needle element at opposite ends of said valving element. One of the needle elements is directly biased by a cam twisted by finger manipulation against one of the pins of the valving element to displace against spring pressure the other pin, thereby displacing the other needle element to allow pressurized refrigerant to flow from the refrigerant source through the valve apparatus.

Abstract: A combination cigarette/cigar extinguisher and ash disposal device made up of four separate single piece construction units removeably connected to each other to form a free standing unit.

Abstract: An improved high speed method for producing quantities of discrete envelope assemblies, each assembly including an envelope and separate double folded enclosure formed from the same blank of sheet material and having personalized information printed on both the envelope and enclosure that is unique to each assembly.The method provides for continuous operation of the method steps all occurring one after the other as each assembly travels in the same general direction throughout all processing operations.

Abstract: An improved high speed method for producing quantities of discrete envelope assemblies, each assembly including an envelope and separate enclosure formed from the same blank of sheet material and having personalized information printed on both the envelope and enclosure that is unique to each assembly.The method provides for continuous operation of the method steps all occurring one after the other as each assembly travels in the same general direction throughout all processing operations.

Abstract: A method for producing quantities of discrete envelope assemblies including at least one separate enclosure for each assembly, the invention allows formation of the envelope and enclosure from the same sheet of material and allows marking of both envelope and enclosure with indicia which can be unique to each assembly. The method particularly allows continuous, high speed manufacture of assemblies personalized by name and address or the like by printing the indicia on a web of sheet material followed by formation of the web into a plurality of separate envelopes and enclosures with the envelopes and enclosures having like indicia being associated, the method including the use of a fugitive adhesive effected during manufacture, the contour cutting of the web prior to folding and the maintenance of a singular direction of travel of the web and elements cut therefrom throughout manufacture.