Abstract: A measurement system for microelectronic clean rooms to measure ultrafine particle size distribution in the range of 0.002 to 0.2 micrometers is provided which includes four screen diffusion stages each connected in series with a condensation nucleus detector. The input to each screen diffusion stage is connected to a localized area to be measured, and the output of each condensation nucleus detector is connected to a vacuum system which simultaneously draws particle bearing air through the four channels. The output signals of the condensation nucleus detectors present particle size distributiion. In one embodiment of the present invention, one or more optical particle detectors are connected in parallel with the diffusion stage-condensation nucleus detectors to expand the distribution measurements to larger sizes.

Abstract: An output connection and signal conditioning circuit board is selected and detachably connected to an electronic energy meter to customize its functions. Connectors are provided at the ends of the circuit board to mate with an edge connector in the bezel of the register and spaced holes in the base. A separate flexible connection to the KYZ terminals is provided, along with an intermediate tab and slot to position the circuit board and strengthen the meter. A selected circuit board is added to the manufactured meter to meet customer requirements by inserting a pin connector at the bottom of the circuit board through the spaced holes, and rotating the circuit board to mate with the tab and the edge connector.

Abstract: An optical communications shielded link assembly is provided from outside the cover of an electronic power meter to the register assembly without connecting cables and including an optical coupler on the exterior of the cover and an optical shroud assembly between the cover and a light emitter and detector positioned within the power meter around a light emitter and light detector. The optical shroud includes a spring loaded sleeve to fill the space between the cover and the register assembly and shield against ambient light. The sleeve includes projections moving within an annular slot with sufficient looseness to enable 3 axes positioning. Retaining and positioning means are provided for the components of the assembly. A detachable magnetic coupler can be connected to the cover mounted coupler or through a programming adapter detachably connected when the cover is removed.

Abstract: A unitary liquid dispensing cap with integral actuator and valve assemblies is provided which includes a centrally located bellows to provide a restoring force to drive the valve back to the closed position after dispensing the liquid. A guide is provided for the valve and includes projections which cooperate with mating projections on the valve assembly to control movement of the valve. The valve assembly may be cocked to provide positive sealing of the dispensing passage by the valve.

Abstract: A disk sensing optics assembly is mounted directly on the register circuit board of an electronic energy meter. The molded optics assembly includes an central cavity adapted to receive a discontinuous rotating shutter, and pockets on either side dimensioned to hold and position pairs of light emitters and detectors on opposite sides of the shutter to detect speed and direction of rotation of the shutter. Apertures through the rear of the housing are adapted to position and secure the electrical leads from the light emitters and detectors within the housing and are soldered to the register printed circuit board. Positioning means integral with the housing and register circuit board space, position, and secure the disk sensing optics and the assembly to the register circuit board with the electrical leads properly positioned for soldering to the circuit board.

Abstract: An electromagnetic and thermal shield for an electronic energy meter which includes a base, a register and intermediate electronics. The tapered form fitting shield extends from the register to the base and includes intermediate resilient fasteners formed from the shield to position, secure, and shield the components of the meter.

Abstract: An electronic time of use or demand register is provided for selective addition to a watthour meter in an energy meter. The electronic register is configured for parallel mounting beside the watthour meter to minimize space and includes an integral register enclosure for properly assembling and securing various components in positive operational relationships such as positioning the optical detection assembly relative to the rotating castellated shutter and in turn positioning the optical communications link relative to the optical detection assembly. The register enclosure additionally includes integral means for mounting the electronic register within the energy meter and for selectively adding and positioning a plurality of optional features.

Abstract: A unitary combination actuator and indicator flag for an electronic energy meter. The integral actuator and mode indicator is slidable within the bezel of the meter and in the off position is not visible. Sliding the actuator simultaneously moves a camming surface over an axially moveable switch to connect the meter test mode, and slides a visible "TEST" flag over the digital readout window to indicate that the watthour meter is in the test mode. Positive actuation and positioning members are included for both the off and on positions.

Abstract: A built in current sensor on a unitary substrate with an integrated circuit is provided to sense abnormal quiescent current flow through the integrated circuit after a timing phase as an indication of defects such as shorts and open circuits, while ignoring normal high current peaks. A comparator is provided along with an adjustable reference current to provide a virtual ground voltage which represents that induced by a normal quiescent current through a fault-free integrated circuit. A breaker circuit may be provided for indication, or power disconnection of the integrated circuit, upon the occurrence of current flow above a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method of diminishing the amount of chlorinated organics released to the atmosphere in the incineration of wastes which includes injecting calcium-based sorbents into the flue gas at around 700.degree. C. to react with HCl to remove it from the flue gas to prevent it from forming the chlorinated organics.

Abstract: An electronic watthour meter for metering the consumption of electrical energy on power lines includes phase compensation means for compensating for leading and lagging phase differences between line current and voltage, whereby sampling times of the current and voltage are shifted to compensate for phase errors between the current and voltage by controlling timing signals provided to current and voltage analog to digital converters. Digital output signals from the analog to digital converters proportional to current and voltage are multiplied to provide an accurate representation of energy consumption as a result of the compensation.

Abstract: A modular versatile electronic energy meter is provided with current voltage and register modules which may be selected and readily interconnected along with a selected output circuit board and including a plurality of features which may be customized late in the manufacturing cycle or after manufacture, including jumpers adapted to be selectively cut and attachable switch restrictors. Reduction and standarization of components and uncomplex interconnections are provided, along with apparatus to assure proper assembly and testing of the modular meter.

Abstract: An output connection and signal conditioning circuit board is selected and detachably connected to an electronic energy meter to customize its functions. Connectors are provided at the ends of the circuit board to mate with an edge connector in the bezel of the register and spaced holes in the base. A separate flexible connection to the KYZ terminals is provided, along with an intermediate tab and slot to position the circuit board and strengthen the meter. A selected circuit board is added to the manufactured meter to meet customer requirements by inserting a pin connector at the bottom of the circuit board through the spaced holes, and rotating the circuit board to mate with the tab and the edge connector.

Abstract: An electronic energy meter is provided with a plurality of push button switches on the face of the meter which are selectively actuated by an actuator extending through the transparent cover to display various different meter functions. Switch restrictors are removably provided around a section of the actuator of selected switches which may then be readily actuated only from the inside of the meter, after unlocking and removing the cover.

Abstract: A packaging and cooling structure for integrated circuit chips in electronic equipment is provided in which the chips are resiliently mounted on wafers which are centrally located in chambers within a housing. A liquid coolant is forced through orifices to spray the coolant on the wafers behind the chips and on the chips themselves providing both high velocity convective cooling and phase change boiling heat transfer. A temperature sensor and control are provided to sense and control the temperature within the electronic equipment.

Abstract: A method for operating an electronic control system for an operator controlled, electrically driven vehicle. The vehicle being powered by a direct current electric traction motor. The electronic control system includes a power source, a variable mark-space ratio power regulator responsive to a motor current command signal developed in response to the position of an accelerator, a direction selection means for providing signals indicative of the direction of motion of the vehicle, and a braking signal responsive to brake position. The electronic control system implements operation of the motor automatically in a propulsion mode, a regenerative mode, and a plug mode. The propulsion mode is either a series connected mode or a separately excited mode. The regenerative mode simulates the retarding effects of an internal combustion engine driven vehicle, while recover the kinetic energy of the vehicle by the generation of current to recharge the power source.

Abstract: The disclosed invention provides manually operated apparatus for precise placement of surface mounting integrated circuit devices on a printed circuit board. A dispensing unit operates to position a device into an oriented, predetermined position with respect to a first reference member, and a hand-held pickup unit is manipulated to pick up the positioned device from the dispensing unit while fixing its position with respect to a second reference on the pickup unit. The device in the pickup unit is transferred to and placed upon a prepared printed circuit board. The device is maintained in the same position relative to the two references and the desired placement points on the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A preamplifier for use in an imaging system including a charge-injection device employs an amplifier, at least a first switch and a clamping loop. The switch is capable of grounding the amplifier reference outside the blanking interval and is open during at least a portion of the blanking interval, thereby preventing the amplifier from entering saturation during the charge injection performed by the charge-injection device. The clamping loop serves to maintain the output of the preamplifier at a predetermined constant level during that portion of the blanking interval in which the amplifier is disabled. The inventive preamplifier has a reduced input impedence and capacitance, and thus operates with less overall noise.

Abstract: A snap-action bayonet-type fastening device for control and/or signalling units comprises an annular element placed between the operative unit and said control and/or signalling unit having the form of a coupling ferrule comprising a cornice with protuberances designed to engage with appropriate fixing means present on said operative unit and two or more flexible appendices with slots and/or teeth designed to engage with corresponding protuberances or indentations made in said control and/or signalling unit.

Abstract: A method for developing current control signals from motor terminal voltage in the control of alternating current electric motors which utilize electric current control signals oriented to the phase of a flux component in a rotating field for applying current so as to control the flux and torque in the motor. The method includes developing flux signals from measurement of motor terminal voltage and integrating those signals to develop corresponding flux signals. In one form, the method eliminates DC components occuring in the resultant flux signals by locating local maxima and minima of the resultant flux signal and correcting the value of the flux integrator so as to provide maxima and minima flux signals having equal absolute values. The method also includes establishing an initial flux in the motor prior to startup which is oriented in a predetermined manner such that initial current applied to the motor can be applied so as to immediately develop torque, if required.