Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of amplifying and detecting single or double stranded target nucleic acid molecules. Amplification of the target nucleic acid molecule is accomplished by using at least two chemically modified oligonucleotide probes per target nucleic acid molecule to form a joined oligonucleotide product. Each oligonucleotide probe is comprised of a long and short sequence. The long sequence of each probe hybridizes to adjacent regions of the target nucleic acid molecule. The short sequences of each probe hybridize to each other. Chemical functionality groups attached to the short sequences of each oligonucleotide probe covalently combine linking the probes to form a joined oligonucleotide product. The joined oligonucleotide product is formed without the use of enzymes.The reactivity of the chemical functionality groups on each probe is target dependent.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of diagnosing cancer by determining the expression level or gene amplification of p53 and dm2, whereby an elevated level of either p53 or dm2 or both p53 and dm2 indicates a cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, the invention provides a method of predicting the progress of cancer by determining the expression level or gene amplification of p53 and dm2, whereby an elevated level of either p53 or dm2 or both p53 and dm2 indicated a poor prognosis.

Abstract: Isolated mammalian nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells are provided. Also included are the receptors encoded by such nucleic acid molecules; the nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the sequences shown in FIG. 1a (murine flk-2), FIG. 1b (human flk-2) and FIG. 2 (murine flk-1); the receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the amino acid sequences shown in FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b and FIG. 2; ligands for the receptors; nucleic acid sequences that encode the ligands; and methods of stimulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of primitive mammalian hematopoietic stem cells comprising contacting the stem cells with a ligand that binds to a receptor protein tyrosine kinase expressed in primitive mammalian hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells.

Abstract: A panel of probes detects and distinguishes between sets of human p53 gene or protein mutations that frequently occur or are selected for in pre-cancer and cancer cells Each set of mutations gives rise to a phenotype that is different from that of wild-type p53 and of at least one other set of p53 mutations.

Abstract: Isolated mammalian nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells are provided. Also included are the receptors encoded by such nucleic acid molecules; the nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the sequences shown in FIG. 1A (murine flk-2), FIG. 1B (human flk-2) and FIG. 2 (murine flk-1); the receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the amino acid sequences shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B and FIG. 2; ligands for the receptors; nucleic acid sequences that encode the ligands; and methods of stimulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of primitive mammalian hematopoietic stem cells comprising contacting the stem cells with a ligand that binds to a receptor protein tyrosine kinase expressed in primitive mammalian hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to a Carboxy Terminal IL-6 Mutein with enhanced biological activity. The invention comprises a mutein of IL-6 having increased activity wherein the mutein has an amino acid substitution at, or corresponding to, amino acid location 171 or 175 of IL-6 having the wild-type sequence.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polypeptide that is non-toxic in E. coli. The disclosed polypeptide comprises at least one antigenic sequence present in P.IA of N. gonorrhoeae and at least one antigenic sequence present in P.IB of N. gonorrhoeae. Further, the disclosed polypeptide of the invention is fused to a carrier peptide.

Abstract: Isolated mammalian nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells are provided. Also included are the receptors encoded by such nucleic acid molecules; the nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the sequences shown in FIG. 1a (murine flk-2), FIG. 1b (human flk-2) and FIG. 2 (murine flk-1); the receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the amino acid sequences shown in FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b and FIG. 2; ligands for the receptors; nucleic acid sequences that encode the ligands; and methods of stimulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of primitive mammalian hematopoietic stem cells comprising contacting the stem cells with a ligand that binds to a receptor protein tyrosine kinase expressed in primitive mammalian hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells.

Abstract: Muteins of IL-6 and truncated IL-6 are prepared by recombinant DNA techniques. In the muteins, the cysteine residues that occur at positions, or at positions corresponding to positions, 45 and 51 of mature, native IL-6 have been replaced by other amino acids. The cysteine residues that occur at positions, or at positions corresponding to positions, 74 and 84 are retained. The molecule has biological activity that is at least comparable to that of native IL-6.

Abstract: A method for amplifying a signal during the detection of target nucleic acid molecules utilizes a primary oligonucleotide probe that binds to a bridging nucleic acid molecule. The bridging molecule hybridizes to a first developer nucleic acid molecule. Each first developer molecule comprises: (a) a first branch having a sequence of at least two different nucleotides and at least six total nucleotides complementary to a sequence of a first branch of a second developer molecule; (b) a second branch comprising a sequence of at least two different nucleotides and at least six total nucleotides complementary to a sequence of a second branch of the second developer molecule; and (c) a detectable label.

Abstract: A panel of probes that detect and distinguish between sets of human p53 gene or protein mutations that frequently occur or are selected for in pre-cancer and cancer cells, each set giving rise to a phenotype that is different from that of wild-type p53 and of at least one other set of p53 mutants.

Abstract: Isolated mammalian nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells are provided. Also included are the receptors encoded by such nucleic acid molecules; the nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the sequences shown in FIG. 1 (murine flk-2), FIG. 2 (human flk-2) and FIG. 3 (murine flk-1); the receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the amino acid sequences shown in FIG. 1 (murine flk-2); FIG. 2 (human flk-2) and FIG. 3; ligands for the receptors; nucleic acid sequences that encode the ligands; and methods of stimulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of primitive mammalian hematopoietic stem cells comprising contacting the stem cells with a ligand that binds to a receptor protein tyrosine kinase expressed in primitive mammalian hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells.

Abstract: Muteins of IL-6 and truncated IL-6 are prepared by recombinant DNA techniques. In the muteins, the cysteine residues that occur at positions, or at positions corresponding to positions, 45 and 51 of mature, native IL-6 have been replaced by other amino acids. The cysteine residues that occur at positions, or at positions corresponding to positions, 74 and 84 are retained. The molecule has biological activity that is at least comparable to that of native IL-6.

Abstract: This invention relates to a Carboxy Terminal IL-6 Mutein with enhanced biological activity. The invention comprises a mutein of IL-6 having increased activity wherein the mutein has an amino acid substitution at, or corresponding to, amino acid location 171 or 175 of IL-6 having the wild-type sequence.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for production of recombinant PDGF-B in prokaryotic cells. Also provided are DNA constructs for fusion protein useful in the production of the biologically active product.

Abstract: Isolated mammalian nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells are provided. Also included are the receptors encoded by such nucleic acid molecules; the nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the sequences shown in FIG. 1(flk-2) and FIG. 2 (flk-1); the receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the amino acid sequences shown in FIG. 1(flk-2) and FIG. 2 (flk-1); ligands for the receptors; nucleic acid sequences that encode the ligands; and methods of stimulating the proliferation of primitive mammalian hematopoietic stem cells comprising contacting the stem cells with a ligand that binds to a receptor protein tyrosine kinase expressed in primitive mammalian hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells.

Abstract: Isolated mammalian nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells are provided. Also included are the receptors encoded by such nucleic acid molecules; the nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the sequences shown in FIG. 1a (murine flk-2), FIG. 1b (human flk-2) and FIG. 2 (murine flk-1); the receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the amino acid sequences shown in FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b and FIG. 2; ligands for the receptors; nucleic acid sequences that encode the ligands; and methods of stimulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of primitive mammalian hematopoietic stem cells comprising contacting the stem cells with a ligand that binds to a receptor protein tyrosine kinase expressed in primitive mammalian hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells.

Abstract: Substituted anilino-nicotinic acid derivatives are readily prepared from the condensation of two intermediates, 2-alkyl-3-perfluoroalkyl-anilines and alkyl 2-chloronicotinates. The 2-alkyl-3-perfluoroalkyl-aniline intermediate can be prepared via a novel three step synthesis. 3-Perfluoroalkyl-anilines are reacted with an amine directing protecting group reagent to protect the amine. The protected amine is then alkylated, and finally, the directing group is removed to form the 2-alkyl-3-perfluoroalkyl-aniline intermediate. The 2-alkyl-3-perfluoroalkyl-aniline intermediate is condensed with the alkyl 2-chloronicotinate to form the anilino-nicotinic acid derivative.

Abstract: Isolated mammalian nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells are provided. Also included are the receptors encoded by such nucleic acid molecules; the nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the sequences shown in FIG. 1 (flk-2) and FIG. 2 (flk-1); the receptor protein tyrosine kinases having the amino acid sequences shown in FIG. 1 (flk-2) and FIG. 2 (flk-1); ligands for the receptors; nucleic acid sequences that encode the ligands; and methods of stimulating the proliferation of primitive mammalian hematopoietic stem cells comprising contacting the stem cells with a ligand that binds to a receptor protein tyrosine kinase expressed in primitive mammalian hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells.

Abstract: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules consisting of or recombinant DNA molecules containing transcription enhancers from murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) which can be used to enhance the transcription of structural genes in eukaryotic cells.