Abstract: Described are compositions containing a mixture of (a) particulate calcium hypochlorite and (b) an amount of aluminum hydroxide that is sufficient to increase the UN-burn time of the composition by a factor of at least 2.5 compared to that of the calcium hypochlorite, the composition having an available chlorine content of at least 35 weight percent. Further described are solid compositions of (a) granular calcium hypochlorite having a UN Packing Group oxidizer classification of II, and (b) an amount of aluminum hydroxide such that the composition is classified as a Packing Group III Division 5.1 oxidizer or as a non-Division 5.1 oxidizer, the composition having an available chlorine content of at least 40 weight percent. Further described are formed articles prepared from the above-described compositions.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a mixture of (a) a major amount of solid halogen-containing sanitizer material and (b) a minor amount of calcium oxide modified particulate boric acid, the amount of calcium oxide modified particulate boric acid being sufficient to enable the composition to be classified as a class 1 or class 2 NFPA oxidizer are described. Also described is particulate boric acid at least a portion of the particles thereof having on their surface at least a partial coating of calcium oxide, and a method for preparing such coated particulate boric acid.

Abstract: Describes a composition comprising a mixture of (1) a major amount of calcium hypochlorite, e.g., hydrated calcium hypochlorite, and (2) a minor amount of calcium hypochlorite-compatible hydrophobic additive (other than discrete particulate Group IIA or IIIA metal stearates) in amounts sufficient to provide the composition with reduced hydrophilic properties. The composition has a solution rate in water at standard conditions that is less than the calcium hypochlorite used to prepare the composition, but sufficient for the intended application. Describes also calcium hypochlorite compositions in which the hydrophobic additive is an organo-silicon material, or a metal oxide, e.g., amorphous precipitated silica, treated with a hydrophobizing agent, such as an organo-silicon material, e.g., an organo-silane and/or organo-siloxane material.

Abstract: Described are photochromic polyurethane coatings that meet commercially acceptable “cosmetic” standards for optical coatings. Also described are articles having such coatings. The coatings exhibit a Fischer microhardness of from 50 to 150 Newtons per mm2 and improved photochromic properties, i.e., the formation of darker activated colors and faster rates of photochromic activation and fade when irradiated with ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A method of enriching chlorine gas is described, which method comprises: (a) providing a supported ceramic membrane having a feed side and a permeate side; (b) bringing a feed gas comprising chlorine gas and contaminant gas into contact with the feed side of the ceramic membrane; (c) removing a gaseous permeate depleted in chlorine from the permeate side of the ceramic membrane; and (d) recovering a gas enriched in chlorine from the feed side of the ceramic membrane. The supported ceramic membrane has pore diameters in the range of from 3 angstroms to 12 angstroms. Preferably, the supported ceramic membrane is a substantially cylindrical supported ceramic membrane having a substantially cylindrical internal coaxial passage.

Abstract: Described are novel photochromic six-membered heterocyclic-fused naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are naphthopyran compounds having an oxazino group fused to one side of the naphtho portion of the naphthopyran and having certain substituents at the position ortho to the oxygen atom of the naphthopyran ring. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formula: ##STR1## Also described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, benzopyrans, and spiro(indoline)type compounds.

Abstract: Describes a stabilized trans-1,2-dichloroethylene composition having a low concentration of aliphatic aldehyde hydrazone, optionally in combination with an epoxide. The aliphatic aldehyde hydrazone was found to be more efficient than commercially used hydroquinone monomethylether (HQMME) in preventing the isomeric transformation of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene to cis-1,2-dichloroethylene during storage. Also described is a process for cleaning the surface of an article with the stabilized 1,2-dichloroethylene composition.

Abstract: Described is a process for producing an adherent organic polymeric layer on organic polymeric substrates following the steps of (a) treating the surface of the polymeric substrate to provide reactive groups; (b) applying to the treated surface a polymerizable composition of a surface modifying amount of an organofunctional silane, a catalyzing amount of material which generates acid upon exposure to actinic radiation, and a solvating amount of solvent; (c) exposing the coated surface to an adhesion improving amount of actinic radiation; and (d) applying and curing a photochromic or non-photochromic polymer-forming composition on the coated surface. Also described are articles produced by the process.

Abstract: Described are novel photochromic benzopyrano-fused naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are naphthopyran compounds having a substituted or unsubstituted benzopyran group fused to one side of the naphtho portion of the naphthopyran and having certain substituents at the position ortho to the oxygen atom of the naphthopyran ring. These compounds may be represented by the following: ##STR1## Also described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, benzopyrans, and spiro(indoline)type compounds.

Abstract: Describes a method of producing N-1-alkenyl carbonylamino compounds represented by the following general formula I, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is the residue of an active hydrogen functional material, n is a number from 1 to a number equal to the number of active hydrogen groups of said active hydrogen functional material, X is selected from O, S and N(R.sub.5), R.sub.5 being hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, or R.sub.5 and R.sub.1 may together form a cyclic ring, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyl.

Abstract: Describes a chemical feeder for supplying chemical treating agents, e.g., calcium hypochlorite, to a liquid stream, e.g., an aqueous stream. The chemical feeder includes (a) a housing 11 having a chamber 12 therein for receiving solid chemical material, and a single principal opening 33 in the base 87 of the housing, (b) a valve casing 42 positioned below housing 11 and having a single first opening 36, a single second opening 39, a valve chamber 90 that provides fluid communication between openings 36 and 39, and a valve body 57 that is moveable within valve chamber 90 for selectively regulating the flow of fluid between openings 36 and 39, and (c) a fluid conduit 69 positioned below valve casing 42 and having a fluid inlet 72, a fluid outlet 75 and a feeder opening 84. First opening 36 of valve casing 42 is in fluid communication with opening 33 in base 87 of housing 11, and feeder opening 84 of fluid conduit 69 is in fluid communication with second opening 39 of valve casing 42.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an electrochromic device having organic polymer substrates is described. Each substrate has a surface coated with an organic polymer primer coating onto which is deposited an electroconductive metal oxide film. An electrochromic material is deposited on one electroconductive film and a complementary electrochromic material is deposited on the other electroconductive film. The resultant two substrates are aligned with the electrochromic materials facing one another. A preformed sheet of an ion-conducting polymer is disposed between those electrochromic layers and the resulting sandwich autoclaved.

Abstract: Described is a printable microporous material exhibiting enhanced readability of one or more images, e.g., printed indicia, patterns, and designs, applied thereupon. The printable microporous material of the present invention comprises: a matrix of substantially water-insoluble thermoplastic organic polymer, e.g., ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, finely divided, substantially water-insoluble non-color producing particulate filler, e.g., precipitated silica, a network of interconnecting pores communicating substantially throughout the material, and an amount of blue colorant sufficient to improve the readability of printing, e.g., two-dimensional bar codes, present thereon.

Abstract: Described are novel photochromic polymerizable polyalkoxylated naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are certain 2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans, 3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans and indeno[2,1-f]naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans each having at least one polyalkoxylated substituent of from 1 to 50 alkoxy units per substituent which is end-capped with a polymerizable group. Specific substituents are also present on the naphtho, indeno and pyrano portions of the compounds. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formulae: ##STR1## Also described are various substrates, e.g., paper, glass, polymeric organic materials, etc., that contain or that are coated with such compounds. Optically clear articles such as contact lenses or other plastic transparencies that incorporate the novel naphthopyran compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, indenonaphthopyrans, benzopyrans, oxazine-type compounds, etc., are also described.

Abstract: Described are novel photochromic pyrano-fused naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are naphthopyran compounds having a substituted or unsubstituted "S" pyran ring, the 3,4 positions of which are fused to the f side of the naphtho portion of the naphthopyran, and certain substituents at the 2-position of the "T" pyran ring. Certain substituents may also be present at the number 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 carbon atoms of the compounds. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formula: ##STR1## Also described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, benzopyrans, and spiro(indoline)type compounds.

Abstract: Describes a free flowing particulate composition comprising, in combination, particulate amorphous precipitated silica, e.g., in the form of granules, hydrocarbon process oil, e.g., an aromatic process oil, and organic carboxylic acid having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, e.g., stearic acid. The hydrocarbon process oil and organic carboxylic acid are sorbed on the silica and are present in amounts sufficient to measurably improve the dispersibility of the particulate amorphous precipitated silica into an elastomer as measured by percent white area. Optionally, an organosilane coupling agent may also be present in said composition. The free flowing particulate composition of the present invention is useful in reinforcing elastomers, e.g., rubbers used in vehicle tires and the soles of athletic foot wear.

Abstract: Described are novel water soluble photochromic naphthopyran and benzopyran compounds having an alkylaminoalkylamino group on the pyran portion or on the pyran portion and the naphtho- or benzo-portion thereof. These compounds may be represented by one of the following graphic formula: ##STR1## wherein B and/or B' is an alkylaminoalkylamino-substituted aryl group and R.sub.1 may also be an alkylaminoalkylamino group. Articles such as ophthalmic lenses or other plastic transparencies and coating compositions such as paints and inks that incorporate the novel water soluble compounds are also described.

Abstract: Described is a polymerizable organic composition comprising a polyol(allyl carbonate), e.g., diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), and an additive represented by the general formulaR.sub.2 --O--(R.sub.3 O).sub.m --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n-1 --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --Xwherein R.sub.2 is a monovalent organic radical having a terminal ethylenically unsaturated group, e.g., allyl, R.sub.3 O is a divalent radical derived from an epoxide other than ethylene oxide, e.g., butylene oxide, m is a number from 0 to 100, n is a number between 3 and 100, and X is selected from halide, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium groups, the acid groups acetic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, isethionic acid and phosphoric acid, salts of said acid groups, alkoxy groups and carboxylic acid ester groups. The additive is present in the composition in an amount at least sufficient such that a polymerizate, e.g., a plus lens, obtained from said composition is substantially free of tinting defects, e.g., ferns and/or moons.

Abstract: A method of preparing a shaped article having a photochromic coating thereon, and curable photochromic powder coating compositions are described. The method includes: applying at least one curable powder coating composition to at least a portion of the interior of a mold, e.g., a lens mold, wherein at least one of the applied powder coating compositions includes a photochromic amount of photochromic material; curing at least partially the applied photochromic powder coating; charging a polymerizable organic casting composition into the mold; polymerizing the casting composition; and removing a shaped article having a photochromic coating on at least a portion of its surface from the mold.

Abstract: Described are articles having an alkoxyacrylamide photochromic coating. The coatings exhibit a Fischer microhardness of from 50 to 130 Newtons per mm.sup.2 and desirable photochromic properties, i.e., the formation of darker activated colors and faster rates of photochromic activation and fade when irradiated with ultraviolet light. Also described are alkoxyacrylamide photochromic articles.