Abstract: In a grating spectrometer a signal spectrum is measured repeatedly while inserting different filters. The number of the filters and measurements correspond to the number of the occurring grating orders not suppressed. The signal spectra and the transmission characteristics of the filters are stored. A system of equations is achieved, from which a computer calculates the signal partial spectra associated with the individual grating orders. A total spectrum is composed from these signal partial spectra. Separation of the higher grating orders need not be effected optically, for example by cut-off filters.

Abstract: A needle is movable by a servomotor between a position of rest and an operating position in a stationary housing. The needle includes a tip and a first lateral opening close to the tip and a second lateral opening spaced therefrom. A longitudinal passage of the housing through which the needle is guided includes a pair of seals at the lower end and a seal at the upper end. A carrier gas conduit ends in the longitudinal passage axially inwards of the seals. A port communicating with atmosphere ends axially inwards of the upper seal. The arrangement permits a sample extraction from sample vessels closed by a membrane without the sample vessels having to be lifted and pressed against the needle.

Abstract: A detector assembly includes means for determining the fluorescence characteristics, the ultraviolet absorbance characteristics and the electrical conductivity characteristics of a single sample of an eluate of a chromatographic separating column.

Abstract: A sample vessel container in a sampling device for use in gas chromatography includes a rotatable metal block having a circular array of axial bores for accommodating a plurality of sample vessels. A heating jacket operative as an electric heater is non-rotatably connected to a housing, which jacket tightly surrounds in material contact with, and is adapted to heat, the rotatable metal block.

Abstract: An effusion cell assembly includes a self-supporting element disposed within a housing member. The self-supporting element provides efficient heat transfer to a crucible positioned therein and permits operation at relatively lower filament tempertures.

Abstract: A pulse damper for use in a liquid chromatographic solvent delivery system includes a cavity within a housing containing a compliant medium. The compliant medium being an elastomer. As a consequence, a solvent flow volume can be precisely formed and maintained.

Abstract: In a method for introducing a sample into a graphite tube in flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy a lamella- or crucible-like sample carrier is introduced into the graphite tube from the end face in axial direction. Drying and ashing of the sample is effected outside the graphite tube. The sample carrier may be heated indirectly by radiation or directly by electric current being passed therethrough.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a solvent pressurization system for use in liquid chromatography which includes a source of pressurized gas, a plurality of sealed vessels that are adapted to hold solvents therein, each of the vessels having a gas input port, said vessels being located within a closable compartment; a double manifold having a distribution chamber in communication with the pressurized gas from the gas source and an exhaust chamber communicatable with a venting system, a set of fittings for each vessel for controlling the gas flow from the distribution chamber to the vessel and from the vessel to the exhaust chamber, each set of fittings including inlet valve means and outlet valve means and an element for opening or closing both valve means together.

Abstract: A system for assuring a more even powder flow rate in a flame spray gun. A powder metering device entrains powder into a gas. The gas with entrained powder is coupled to the flame spray gun. Vibration means, coupled to the powder and gas conduit, is provided to prevent any powder from settling in the conduit.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning a thermogravimetric furnace includes a furnace mounting bracket which is rotatable about and linearly translatable along a single axis. In addition, simultaneous rotational and linearly movement of the furnace is excluded.

Abstract: A lamella-shaped sample carrier is attached to a tubular carriage and is movable into a graphite tube of a graphite tube cuvette from the end fact below the measuring light beam of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The carriage with the sample carrier is movable between an inner position, a dosing position and an outer position. The sample carrier is electrically heated in any position by means of busses. Drying and ashing of the sample take place outside the graphite tube. The graphite tube is then heated to atomizing temperature, while the sample carrier is in its outer position. Subsequently, the sample carrier is advanced into the inner position and heated itself. Thus, rapid atomization of the sample is achieved.

Abstract: A sample vessel for carrying a sample and storing same in a high vacuum. The vessel includes a hollow body which is open at one end. A specimen carrier plate is coupled by a translating mechanism so that it can slide in and out of said hollow body through the opening. An O-ring seal is provided to seal the carrier plate to the vessel thereby sealing the specimen carried thereby inside the hollow body which can then be evacuated leaving a high vacuum inside.

Abstract: In a photometer for measuring atomic fluorescence, a partial light beam is branched off the exciting light beam by means of a mirror having a hole. The partial light beam falls on a scattering disc, from which a reference light beam impinges upon the detector through opposite windows of the measuring cell. A chopper alternately transmits the exciting light beam and the partial light beam. The signal thus obtained at the detector permits compensation of the influence of variations of the light source brightness and of contamination of the windows.

Abstract: A liquid level sensor includes a sensor coil co-axially positioned within a heater coil. Preferably, the sensor is coiled on a core of thin-walled stainless steel tubing to minimize the thermal conductivity along the axis thereof. The probe provides a continuous measurement of the level of a liquid due to the difference in thermal conductivity between the vapor and the liquid within the reservoir.

Abstract: A memory checking circuit for periodically reading the data from all locations therein. The circuit includes logic to correct and restore data from locations where an error has occurred. The circuit quickly identifies all memory locations present during search mode at a fast rate and reads all present locations at a slower rate during normal mode.

Abstract: A differential scanning calorimeter includes a baseline correction apparatus which simultaneously corrects for both linear and curvilinear heat flow variation between the sample and reference holders.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in conducting both static and dynamic thermomechanical analysis includes a load member, one end of which is supported by the sample located in a sample receptacle, eventually in a selected gas atmosphere, in heat equilibrium and the other end of which is loaded statically by a weight or dynamically by the armature of an electromagnet.

Abstract: A plasma flame spray gun suitable for being constructed physically smaller than comparable power prior art plasma flame spray guns. The gun includes a nozzle having a tapering portion on the inlet side thereof. A cathode with a flat tip is positioned to at least partially extend into the tapering portion of the nozzle. A gas distribution ring is located around the cathode for creating a vortex around the cathode tip. This causes the arc formed between the tip and the nozzle to have a root which spins around the perimeter of the nozzle tip resulting in less wear and, therefore, extended part life.

Abstract: A plasma spray gun system with improved nozzle life. The gun includes a nozzle with a thin annular coolant passage and having a dimension optimized for nozzle life. The system also includes a deionizer to remove ions from the cooling fluid and a dissolved gas remover which also improves nozzle life. In addition, the coolant is treated to remove ions which extends nozzle life even more. Further cooling fluid treatment for even further nozzle life includes dissolved gas removal and heat removal.

Abstract: A hollow sphere ceramic flame spray powder is disclosed. The desired constituents are first formed into agglomerated particles in a spray drier. Then the agglomerated particles are introduced into a plasma flame which is adjusted so that the particles collected are substantially hollow. The hollow sphere ceramic particles are suitable for flame spraying a porous and abradable coating. The hollow particles may be selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide and magnesium zirconate.