Abstract: This LCD cell device configuration reduces the deterioration in contrast when the display surface of the active matrix type liquid crystal display device of the in-plane switching mode is viewed from the direction of azimuth 45° without decreasing the viewing characteristic from a frontal direction. This is accomplished using an optical compensation film having a retardation axis which is parallel to or vertical to the transmission axes of the polarizer plates at the lower and upper side. By so selecting the in-plane retardation and the retardation in the thickness direction of the optical compensation film, the optical compensation film performs the function of a &lgr;/2 plate, to rotate the polarizing plane of the transmitted light.

Abstract: A white cold-cathode fluorescent lamp, which is used as an illumination backlight for liquid crystal, is replaced by cold-cathode fluorescent lamps that emit red, green and blue lights, respectively. Since a liquid crystal picture is illuminated by the fluorescent lights in a time-sequential manner, a multi-color display can be provided without spatially dividing liquid crystal pixels using a color filter; and as it is not necessary for one pixel to be divided into three color cells, the size of a pixel can be reduced. Furthermore, in the liquid crystal display device, a phosphor having a short emission life is employed to coat the interior of the cold-cathode fluorescent lamp and enable the cold-cathode fluorescent lamp to be turned on and off rapidly, so that degradation of display colors due to slow fluorescence decay can be prevented and moving pictures can be displayed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided which improves the angle of view characteristics over that of a conventional OCB type LCD, has a high transmissivity, and can be driven at a low voltage. The liquid crystal display device includes two optical phase difference compensating mechanisms interposed between two substrates and two filter mechanisms, each of which compensating mechanisms has an action for performing compensating modulation on light passing through about one half the thickness of said liquid crystal layer, wherein the product of anisotropy .DELTA.n of the liquid crystal layer and its thickness d is preferably 0.8<.DELTA.nd<2.0.

Abstract: Blue bright spots occurring when using overhead projectors with liquid crystal modules (LCDs) are prevented by providing intercepting filter in the liquid crystal module for modifying light reaching the thin film transistors of the LCDs in the portion of the spectrum absorbed by and passing through the protection layer formed on the TFT. In the case where protection layer on the TFT is formed of an amorphous silicon layer, the intercepting filter has the characteristic of modifying the light having wavelengths of 380 nm to 500 nm. The intercepting filter being a color filter of other than blue is formed just above the TFT at least part of which is related to a cell of blue.

Abstract: A driver for driving a common electrode of a liquid crystal display panel comprises a first driver for driving the common electrode to hold a predetermined voltage every horizontal scan period, a charge hold capacitance having a capacity bigger than a capacity of the common electrode as a capacitance, an inductance for forming with the charge hold capacitance a resonance circuit, switch means for switching on the resonance circuit for a predetermined period when the voltage of the common electrode is changed, and a second driver for replacing last charge back into the charge hold capacitance. The driving by the first driver is reduced because of the charge hold capacitance. The second driver puts surplus charge into the charge hold capacitance so that the voltage of the common electrode can be rapidly charged to a desired voltage.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display unit has at least one of the screw securing elements on its right and left sides to attach to brackets for attachment to the cover for a laptop computer. When the liquid crystal display unit is fixed to the cover from the side in this manner, the cover can be near that of the size of the liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having pillar-shaped spacers formed in pixel array regions is provided with improved display quality by preventing the degradation of contrast and the occurrence of residual images. A plurality of pillar-shape spacers formed in their pixel array regions are provided at locations which do not overlap with each other when images are projected on the screen using three different liquid crystal light valves to project the red (R), green (G) and blue (B), constituents of images.

Abstract: A voltage application driving method is provided for quickly changing the alignment of a liquid crystal layer in thin film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT/LCD) to a bend alignment. In this driving method, a potential difference larger than 10 V is continuously or intermittently provided between the signal electrode of the liquid crystal cells, and the counter electrode of the display while maintaining the potential difference between the gate electrode and the signal electrode of the cells larger than 10 V.

Abstract: A method of driving liquid crystal display devices is provided which results in superior image quality and reliability and can reduce the power consumption even with increased gate line loads resulting from increased size of the display area, improved resolution, and an increased aperture ratio in active matrix liquid crystal display devices in which switching elements such as thin-film transistors (TFTs) and pixel electrodes are arranged in matrix form. At the first stage, occurrence of a DC component due to gate delaying is prevented by outputting a compensation voltage at the same timing as a gate-off timing so as to attain a condition of .DELTA.V=0. Thereafter, the second compensation voltage is output so that .DELTA.V becomes a target value. Since the second output is not influenced by the gate delaying, .DELTA.V can be made large.

Abstract: Message sending can be performed quickly making efficient use of memory space. A class object C is obtained (110) from a specified receiver object. The class object C contains an instance variable pointing to a dispatch table for the class to obtain (120) a dispatch table D. From the code which is an argument of a vmicall instruction, a method M of the address stored in the entry of the code in the dispatch table is retrieved (130). The card which is the other argument of the vmicall instruction is compared (140) with the card number stored in the method M retrieved in step 130. If the card and the card number are not identical, the selector mismatch handler is invoked to locate the correct method to be invoked (150). Then, the method M is invoked (160). In the selector mismatch handler, it is determined whether the dispatch table D for the class C is the default one, and if it is the default dispatch table, the dispatch table for the class C is allocated.