Abstract: A tile anchoring system for use in reactors and other furnace like equipment which involves the use of a tile that contains various internal parts. According to the various embodiments of the present invention, the tile is formed as more than one part. In the present invention, various techniques and parts are used to anchor tiles to surfaces wherein the various parts and the tiles themselves “snap” into place with one another and/or with an existing hexmetal mesh structure.

Abstract: According to the present invention, oleaginous compositions having improved stability are provided, wherein high molecular weight ashless dispersants and metal detergents are pre-blended at a temperature of at least 100.degree. C. for a period of from 1 to 10 hours, cooled to at least 85.degree. C. and admixed with additional additives, including oil soluble copper antioxidants and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate antiwear agents.

Abstract: According to the present invention, oleaginous compositions having improved storage stability properties are provided, which comprise a combination of ashless dispersants, friction modifier and oil-soluble copper antioxidants, wherein the composition is substantially free of boron.

Abstract: Metal dithiophosphates obtainable by reacting a basic zinc or copper compound or a molybdenum compound with a dithiophosphoric acid, said dithiophosphoric acid being obtainable by reacting phosphorus pentasulphide with a mixture of alcohols ROH and R.sup.1 (OH).sub.m where m is 1 or 2, the group R is an aliphatic hydrogen- and carbon-containing group having at least 4 carbon atoms, e.g. a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 alkyl group, or is an alkaryl group, R.sup.1 is a hydrogen- and carbon-containing group containing at least 12 carbon atoms and either (a) a ##STR1## group or (b) the group--(C.sub.n H.sub.2n-p R.sub.p.sup.2 O).sub.q --, R.sup.2 being an alkyl group, n begin an integer of from 2 to 5, p being zero or an integer of from 1 to 5 and q being an integer of 2 or more or R.sup.1 (OH.sub.m is a glyceryl derivative having the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.3 is an aliphatic hydrogen- and carbon-containing group containing at least 9 carbon atoms and R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are hydrogen or alkyl groups.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a device for accurately positioning needles for percutaneous insertion which comprises the elements of a base having a vertically disposed support member at one end thereof, a plate rotator, a needle holder, a tilt angle adjuster for the needle holder, and an arcuate needle angle indicator.In a second embodiment, the needle holder further comprises a circular angle indicator which includes a circular angular tilt angle of the needle holder to be observed by reference to the circular disk.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine cylinder assembly comprising a cylinder having substantially vertically disposed interior walls defining a firing chamber therein; piston means housed within the firing chamber and adapted for vertical reciprocation within the firing chamber; gas inlet channels in the lower portion of the firing chamber; a crankcase housing having a gas compression chamber disposed therein; valve means adapted for passing air into the gas compression chamber upon the depressuring thereof; cylinder closure means positioned at the upper end of the cylinder defining the upper end of the firing chamber and being provided with exhaust gas valve means, adapted for cyclic opening and closing to alternatively permit the removal of exhaust gases from the firing chamber and the pressuring of fresh fuel/air mixtures in the firing chamber; fuel introduction means for introducing fuel into the upper portion of the firing chamber; fuel ignition means for igniting a compressed f

Abstract: An internal combustion engine cylinder assembly comprising a first elongated cylinder having substantially vertically disposed interior walls defining an elongated firing chamber therein; first piston means housed within the firing chamber and adapted for vertical reciprocation within the firing chamber; gas inlet channels means in the lower portion of the firing chamber; a crankcase housing having a gas compression chamber disposed therein; valve means adapted to permit fresh fuel/air mixtures to be charged into the gas compression chamber upon the depressuring of the chamber; second cylinder means positioned at the upper end of the first cylinder and having an exhaust chamber therein and a second piston means disposed within the exhaust chamber and adapted for vertical reciprocation therein, the exhaust chamber communicating with the upper end of the firing chamber; the second cylinder means being provided in the lower portion thereof with at least one exhaust gas port adapted for cyclic opening and closing

Abstract: An internal combustion engine cylinder assembly comprising an elongated cylinder having substantially vertically disposed interior walls defining an elongated firing chamber therein; piston means housed within the firing chamber and adapted for vertical reciprocation within the firing chamber; gas inlet channels in the lower portion of the firing chamber; a crankcase housing having a gas compression chamber disposed therein; a reed valve means pivotally secured to the inner walls of the gas compression chamber and adapted for passing fuel/air mixtures into the gas compression chamber upon the depressuring thereof; a cylinder closure means positioned at the upper end of the cylinder defining the upper end of the firing chamber and being provided with exhaust gas valve means, adapted for cyclic opening and closing to alternatively permit the removal of exhaust gases from the firing chamber and the pressuring to the fresh fuel/air mixtures in the firing chamber; fuel ignition means for igniting a compressed fuel

Abstract: The present invention provides a springless diaphragm which is adapted to be inserted into a vaginal vault for birth control and which comprises a resilient rim member composed of a first flexible material, and a dome member which is composed of a second flexible material. The rim member is securely bonded to the dome member and extends continuously thereabout along the lower perimeter thereof. The dome member is provided in its uppermost portion with a substantially thicker portion in order to permit formation of the device without danger of rupture during the molding process. The first flexible material and the second flexible material are required to have Durometers within specified ranges, and the rim member may be further provided with opposing outwardly projecting sections in order to enhance the spring modulus of the rim member upon flexing of this portion of the diaphragm prior to insertion.

Abstract: An improved hand held dental instrument adapted for cleaning teeth is provided which, in its preferred form, comprises an elongated shaft and an angularly projected head, the head being provided with a longitudinal groove in the head's upper planar surface and being tapered so as to form a thin, flat tip suitable for deformation in a direction and manner to easily reach teeth crevices without sacrificing longitudinal rigidity of the head. The opposite end of this integrally formed device's shaft is provided with a second tapered tip, which may be similarly grooved, and is adapted for cleaning of tooth surfaces.

Abstract: 1-phenyl-1-tetrahydronaphthyl-ethane or an alkyl-substituted derivative thereof is useful as dielectric fluid in capacitors and undersea power cables having low flammability, high aromaticity and high density.

Abstract: In a process for producing ammonia which comprises: (a) primary catalytically reforming at super atmospheric pressure in a direct-fired primary reforming zone, a hydrocarbon feedstock with steam to produce a gas containing carbon oxides, hydrogen and methane; (b) secondary catalytically reforming the gas from step (a) by introducing air and bringing the mixture towards equilibrium thereby producing a secondary reformer effluent gas containing nitrogen, carbon oxides, hydrogen and a decreased quantity of methane; (c) converting carbon monoxide catalytically with steam to carbon dioxide and hydrogen; (d) removing carbon oxides to give an ammonia synthesis gas comprising nitrogen and hydrogen and compressing the gas to ammonia synthesis pressure; (e) reacting the synthesis gas in an ammonia synthesis zone to produce ammonia and recovering ammonia from the reacted gas to produce an ammonia-depleted gas stream; (f) recycling at least a portion of the ammonia-depleted gas stream to the ammonia synthesis zone; and (

Abstract: In accordance with the process of this invention, an improved catalyst for molecular oxidation of an aromatic hydrocarbon to form the corresponding aromatic carboxylic anhydrides is prepared by the steps of forming a catalyst precursor by depositing on titanium dioxide solids in the anatase form a discontinuous monolayer amount of at least one source of tantalum oxide, calcining the thus-formed catalyst precursor under conditions sufficient to convert the tantalum oxide source into the oxide form, depositing upon the calcined catalyst precursor a catalytically effective amount of at least one vanadium compound which is convertible into vanadium oxide upon heating and calcining the vanadium-deposited solids under conditions sufficient to convert the vanadium compound into vanadium oxide.

Abstract: In accordance with the process of this invention, an improved catalyst for molecular oxidation of a hydrocarbon to form the corresponding carboxylic anhydrides is prepared by the steps of (a) forming a catalyst precursor by depositing on titanium dioxide solids in the anatase form at least a monolayer amount of at least one source of vanadium oxide, (b) calcining the thus-formed catalyst precursor under conditions sufficient to convert the vanadium oxide source into the oxide form, (c) depositing upon the calcined catalyst precursor a catalytically effective amount of at least one vanadium oxide source which is convertible into vanadium oxide upon heating and at least one metal oxide source selected from the group consisting of oxides of Sb, Ga, Ge, In, Tl, Pb, Se, Te, P and Bi, which is convertible into the corresponding metal oxide upon heating and which is reactive with V.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: In a process for purification of wastewater streams containing phenolic impurities wherein the wastewater stream is contacted with an ether extraction solvent for the extractive removal of the phenolic impurities, to form an ether extract phase containing at least a portion of the phenolic impurities and an aqueous raffinate phase depleted in the phenolic impurities, the improvement which comprises effecting the separation of the phases in the presence of a phase separation promoting amount of at least one polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: A process for preparing a vanadium, phosphorus oxygen containing catalyst composition capable of partially oxidizing hydrocarbons (e.g., n-butane) to form a carboxylic anhydride (e.g., maleic anhydride), and a process for using this catalyst to form such anhydrides is disclosed. The catalyst composition is prepared by an organic solution technique followed by activation in an air-hydrocarbon atmosphere.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for forming ketones from the corresponding olefins by vapor phase oxidation of the olefin in the presence of water vapor, and optionally in the additional presence of molecular oxygen employing a heterogeneous catalyst comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of Ce, Nd and La and compounds and complexes thereof, optionally containing at least one metal compound or complex selected from the group consisting of Group VIB metals and Group VIII noble metals, and mixtures thereof. It has been surprisingly found that these catalysts effect the formation of ketones in high selectivities with minimal selectivities to the undesirable carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide by-products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of producing a carbonyl compound by dehydrogenating a linear aliphatic alcohol of 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the gas phase in the presence of a solid catalyst comprising a ruthenium catalyst supported on a carrier such as zinc oxide or magnesium oxide.

Abstract: In a process for steam reforming of a hydrocarbon gas feedstream wherein: (a) the hydrocarbon gas feedstream is partially reformed at elevated temperatures in indirect heat exchange with hot combustion gases in a direct fired primary reforming furnace provided with a convection section for recovery of excess heat from said combustion gases; and (b) the partially reformed feedstream is then further reformed in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas and steam in a secondary reformer to form a secondary reformer gaseous effluent; the improvement which comprises recovering waste heat from said secondary reformer effluent gas and from said primary reforming combustion products by (i) heating a high pressure saturated steam in a first steam superheating zone by indirect heat exchange with at least a portion of said secondary reformer effluent gas to form a first superheated steam stream; and (ii) further heating said first superheated steam in a second steam superheating zone by indirect heat exchange with at lea

Abstract: An improved cryogenic separation process is provided for forming a substantially CO-free and lower hydrocarbon-free hydrogen-rich gas, suitable for use in producing an ammonia synthesis gas, from a hydrogen-containing gas stream also containing carbon monoxide and lower hydrocarbon impurities, wherein the hydrogen containing gas is subject to a two-stage autorefrigerated cryogenic flash treatment to remove concentrated methane-containing and carbon monoxide-containing streams, and the thus-purified hydrogen gas is passed to a nitrogen wash tower in counter-current contact with liquid nitrogen to form the desired hydrogen-rich product streams as an overheads from the wash tower.