Abstract: The present invention is a class of polymeric membranes formed from aromatic polyarylates derived from dicarboxylic acid chlorides and cardo bisphenols having halo substituents on all portions ortho to the hydroxy functions. These polyarylate membranes exhibit high gas permselectivities and are useful in various gas separation applications.
Abstract: A preparative-scale gas chromatographic system has conduits and valves adapted for analysis and collection of low volatility effluent. An injection site is provided for alternately supplying liquid solvent for removing condensed effluent from the system when the flow of effluent is terminated. Conduits are joined within the thermal conductivity detector of the system to prevent condensation at the joint. Conduits are provided with copper jackets which are coupled to sources of thermal energy to prevent condensation within the conduits. A trap filter provides backpressure in the collection system wherein recovery of condensed effluent in the filter is facilitated by the smooth surface of the filter.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 27, 1990
Date of Patent:
April 9, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Peter J. Maroulis, Patrick J. Clark, Victoria J. Morris, Robert A. Byerley, John Booker
Abstract: The present invention is a cryogenic process for the production of nitrogen by distilling air in a double column distillation system comprising a high pressure column and a low pressure column. The critical step of the invention is the condensation of a nitrogen stream in the top most reboiler/condenser located in the stripping section of the low pressure column to provide column reboil and the total condensation of a portion of the compressed feed air in the bottom most reboiler/condenser located in the bottom of the low pressure column.
Abstract: The present invention is a cryogenic process for the production of nitrogen by distilling air in a double column distillation system comprising a high pressure column and a low pressure column. The critical step of the invention is the condensation of two nitrogen streams at different pressures in two reboiler/condensers located in the stripping section of the low pressure column to provide column reboil. The lower pressure of the two nitrogen streams is condensed in the upper of the two reboiler/condensers; the higher pressure nitrogen stream in the lower of the two reboiler/condensers.
Abstract: An improved highly erosive and abrasive wear resistant multi-layered coating system on a substrate which provides protection against impact of large particles is disclosed comprising a plurality of composite layers. In each of the composite layers, the first layer closest to the substrate comprises tungsten of sufficient thickness to confer substantial erosion and abrasion wear resistance characteristics to the coating system and a second layer deposited on the first layer comprises a mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide and the tungsten carbide comprises W.sub.2 C, W.sub.3 C, or a mixture of both. Because the resulting coating system has enhanced high cycle fatigue strength over the substrate, the coating system is especially useful on such structures as turbine blades and similar articles of manufacture where such chemical vapor depositing the first and second layers at a temperature in the range of about 300.degree. to about 550.degree. C.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 8, 1990
Date of Patent:
April 9, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Diwakar Garg, Ernest L. Wrecsics, Leslie E. Schaffer, Carl F. Mueller, Paul N. Dyer, Keith R. Fabregas
Abstract: The present invention is an integrated process for the production of glass utilizing combustion heat to melt glassmaking materials in a glassmaking furnace. The fuel combusted to produce heat sufficient to melt the glassmaking materials is combusted with oxygen-enriched oxidant to reduce heat losses from the offgas of the glassmaking furnace. The process further reduces heat losses by quenching hot offgas from the glassmaking furnace with a process stream to retain the heat recovered from quench in the glassmaking process with subsequent additional heat recovery by heat exchange of the fuel to the glassmaking furnace, as well as the glassmaking materials, such as batch and cullet. The process includes recovery of a commercially pure carbon dioxide product by separatory means from the cooled, residual offgas from the glassmaking furnace.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 30, 1990
Date of Patent:
April 9, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Michael S. K. Chen, Corning F. Painter, Steven P. Pastore, Gary Roth, David C. Winchester
Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for removing a higher purity sidestream of a product gas from a main product pipeline gas flow stream of lower purity using a membrane selective for the product gas in contrast to impurities contained in the main product pipeline gas. The process avoids capital intensive apparatus or energy intensive processing and returns the reject gas from the membrane to the pipeline for inclusion with the main product pipeline gas. Recovery of a higher purity component of a main pipeline product gas containing that component is also contemplated.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 12, 1990
Date of Patent:
April 9, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Stephen P. DiMartino, Sr., James C. Sorensen
Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing ring alkylated aromatic amines where the alkyl substituent is ortho to the amino group by reacting an N-alkylated aromatic amine with a C.sub.2-10 olefin in the presence of a solid phase acidic catalyst, e.g., silica-alumina or a zeolite. High conversion and selectivity is achieved by maintaining a mole ratio of olefin to amine of from about 1-10:1 and an operating pressure of at least 50 psig.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 21, 1985
Date of Patent:
March 19, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
William F. Burgoyne, Jr., Dale D. Dixon
Abstract: An apparatus and method for regulating flow of product gas from a sorptive separation apparatus, especially during periods of discontinuous product supply and variable demand is set forth.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 23, 1990
Date of Patent:
February 26, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemials, Inc.
Inventors:
Alan D. Abel, William E. Waldron, Theodore F. Wells
Abstract: Amides having different molecular kinetic diameters or heats of adsorption, such as formamide and N-(1-alkoxyethyl)formamide, are separated under mild conditions with a molecular sieve which selectively adsorbs one of the amides, such as formamide. N-vinylformamide can be purified by removing formamide remaining in synthesis process streams using this technique. The adsorbed amide can be desorbed by heating the molecular sieve in either inert or reactive atmospheres. Preferred molecular sieves include the zeolites of types A, X, Y, molecular sieves of the MFI topology, chabazite, and mordenite. Calcium chabazite is particularly versatile and effective.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 15, 1989
Date of Patent:
February 26, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Ronald Pierantozzi, Mildred A. Miller, Mark L. Listemann, Thomas R. Gaffney, Charles G. Coe
Abstract: Compounds corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## wherein: each R.sub.1 is independently selected from H, a straight chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkoxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkenyl group;each R.sub.2 is independently selected from--CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.m O(CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.3 and ##STR2## wherein m and n are independently selected integers from 0 to 4, inclusive;each R.sub.3 is independently selected from a straight chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylene; andeach X is independently selected from F, Cl, Br or I.These compounds demonstrate utility as herbicidal and fungicidal compositions for controlling weeds and grasses in agricultrual crops.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 12, 1989
Date of Patent:
February 19, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
William. F. Burgoyne, Jr., Dale D. Dixon
Abstract: The present invention is an improvement to a method of producing crude argon directly from the cold box of a cryogenic air separation unit. The improvement is the production of crude argon containing greatly decreased concentrations of oxygen, i.e. <0.5% oxygen without any loss in recovery. The improvement is accomplished by using an effective number of theoretical stages in the side arm column so as to produce the desired argon product purity without sacrificing argon recovery; feeding crude liquid oxygen from the bottom of the high pressure column to the reboiler condenser located in the top of the argon side arm column at a rate in the range from about 1.04 to about 1.
Abstract: This invention relates to crosslinker sytems for polyurethanes and a process for producing such polyurethane products. The polyurethanes are prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic compound having active Zerewitinoff hydrogen atoms, e.g., a polyol with an alkoxylated diethyltoluenediamine crosslinker. Improved properties can be achieved, such as, higher load-bearing at equivalent density; higher tear; and higher elongation.
Abstract: A low temperature chemical vapor deposition process comprising heating a substrate upon which deposition is desired to a temperature of from about 350.degree. C. to about 700.degree. C. in a chemical vapor deposition reactor at a pressure of from about 0.1 torr to atmospheric pressure, introducing into the reactor a silicon-containing feed and an oxygen containing feed, said silicon containing feed consisting essentially of one or more compounds having the general formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are hydrogen, azido or 1-6 carbon alkyl, phenyl or 7 to 10 carbon alkaryl groups, at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being 1-6 carbon alkyl, phenyl or 7-10 carbon alkaryl and maintaining the temperature and pressure in said ranges to cause a film of silicon dioxide or silicon oxynitride to deposit on said substrate is disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 1, 1990
Date of Patent:
February 12, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products abd Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Arthur K. Hochberg, David L. O'Meara, David A. Roberts
Abstract: An improved electric arc spray process for the deposition of reactive metals is disclosed which utilizes compressed inert gases for atomization. The improved process utilizes argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, or mixtures thereof supplied to the arc spray gun such that the mass ratio of the wire feed rate to the gas feed rate is greater than 0.10. The process can be used to coat various substrates with metals or alloys comprising magnesium, zinc, lithium, and other reactive metals. The process is useful for the application of cathodic corrosion protective coatings on various substrates.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 30, 1990
Date of Patent:
February 12, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
John J. Kaiser, Edward A. Hayduk, Jr., Zbigniew Zurecki, Robert B. Swan
Abstract: A method of producing a silicon nitride film on the surface of a substrate by thermal decomposition at said surface of a compound of the class ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen azido, 1 to 6 carbon alkyl, phenyl, or 7 to 10 carbon alkaryl, at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 being 1-6 carbon alkyl, phenyl, or 7 to 10 carbon alkaryl, ethyltriazidosilane being uniquely superior, is disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 1, 1990
Date of Patent:
February 12, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Arthur K. Hochberg, David L. O'Meara, David A. Roberts
Abstract: Method and apparatus for opening a mollusk (e.g., oysters) by rapidly cooling said mollusk to a surface temperature of about -100.degree. F. followed by mechanically agitating said mollusk whereby the mollusk shell opens and at least one eye of the mollusk meat is detached from the shell. Subsequent to cooling and prior to agitating, the mollusk can be rapidly immersed in a water bath to raise the surface temperature of the mollusk to no more than about -50.degree. F. Individually quick frozen mollusk meat can be prepared rapidly either as an individual portion of meat or on the half shell.
Abstract: This invention relates to propylene-linked polyethylene polyamines and a process for preparing such propylene-linked polyethylene polyamines. These propylene-linked polyethylene polyamines are characterized as having high molecular weight and the amine value is distributed over a wide range of primary, secondary, and tertiary amine functionality.The propylene-linked polyethylene polyamines are prepared by reacting a polyamine containing an ethylene amine functionality with acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile to form a cyanoethylated polyamine containing the ethylene linkage and then reductively alkylating the resulting cyanoethylated derivative in the presence of a polyamine containing an ethylene linkage. Typically, a polyethylene polyamine such as diethylenetriamine or triethylene tetramine is reacted with acrylonitrile and then hydrogenated under reductive alkylation conditions.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 30, 1989
Date of Patent:
February 5, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Thomas A. Johnson, Ismail O. Abdalmuhdi
Abstract: A method is described for improving the erosion and abrasion wear resistance and hardness of the internal wear surfaces of structures such as nozzles, jets, ducts, chutes, powder handling tubes, valve housings, conveyors, drill bushings and the like. A substantially pure tungsten layer is chemical vapor deposited on the internal wear surface of the body of the structure followed by a chemical vapor deposited top coating comprising a mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide is selected from the group consisting of W.sub.2 C, W.sub.3 C, and mixtures thereof and is fine grained, non-columnar and has a substantially layered microstructure. Also described are structures formed by the method.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 31, 1989
Date of Patent:
February 5, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Swaminathan Sunder, Diwakar Garg, Paul N. Dyer
Abstract: Diamine compounds having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently methyl, ethyl or isopropyl groups, can be used in preparing various polymers which are useful in gas separation membranes. The combined effect of alkyl substituents ortho to the amino groups along with the specific bridging group imparts useful properties to polymeric membranes formed with these diamines.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 29, 1990
Date of Patent:
February 5, 1991
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
William F. Burgoyne, Jr., Michael Langsam