Abstract: A method for preparing aqueous polymer emulsions in the presence of a poly[(vinyl alcohol)-co-(vinyl amine)] copolymer as a protective colloid and aqueous polymer emulsions containing a poly[(vinyl alcohol)-co-(vinyl amine)] copolymer.

Abstract: In an active hydrogen-containing B-side composition for reaction with a polyisocyanate-containing A-side composition to make a polyurethane, polyurethaneurea or polyurea elastomer by reaction injection molding, the improvement which comprises a mold release composition consisting essentially of (1) the reaction product of a mixture of a phenol compound, a tertiary amine, and a reactive epoxide and (2) a carboxy functional siloxane.

Abstract: Color is removed from secondary pulps with non-chlorine based bleaching agents in treating sequences using oxygen with combinations of peroxide, ozone, and/or hydrosulfite at/controlled pH conditions. Acid treatment prior to bleaching steps improves color removal and protects fibers from damage at more severe bleaching conditions.

Abstract: The present invention is a reformation process using a compact, plate-fin heat exchanger with multi-stream, multi-passage capability to provide parallel juxtaposed heat exchange of the various process streams of a reformation process.

Abstract: A process for producing low-cost furnace atmospheres suitable for annealing and heat treating ferrous and nonferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metal, and sintering metal and ceramic powders in a continuous furnace equipped with an ammonia dissociator from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing from 0.05 to 5.0% residual oxygen is presented. The disclosed process involves mixing non-cryogenically produced nitrogen with a pre-determined amount of a reducing gas such as hydrogen, ammonia, a C, H, and O containing hydrocarbon such as an alcohol, an ether, etc., or a mixture thereof, passing the mixture through an ammonia dissociator and converting the residual oxygen to an acceptable form such as moisture, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or mixture thereof, and using the resultant gaseous mixture for annealing and heat treating ferrous and nonferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metal, and sintering metal and ceramic powders.

Abstract: The invention consists of a composition containing a chemically blocked trimerization catalyst and a polyurethane prepolymer resin or resins with reactive isocyanate groups. In the absence of heat, the catalyst is not active and the solution of catalyst in the resin undergoes no appreciable reaction for periods ranging from hours to weeks depending upon the composition and concentration of the catalysts and the structure and concentration of the isocyanate groups. When heat is applied to the mixture a trimerization reaction occurs which produces a crosslinked polyurethane network with utility as an elastomer or as an adhesive.

Abstract: An amine-boron composition for catalyzing the urethane reaction, particularly in preparing a polyurethane foam, consisting essentially of the addition product of a tertiary amine and a boron compound of the formulaR.sub.n B(OH).sub.3-nwheren=0 or 1, andR=C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl.Preferred catalysts are prepared by mixing triethylenediamine with boric acid.

Abstract: Chemical Vapor Deposition of copper films is enhanced by simultaneously introducing in the reactor vapor of an organometallic copper precursor and copper complex vapor of a volatile ligand or the hydrate of the ligand.

Abstract: An improved process for deoxygenating non-cryogenically produced nitrogen with a hydrocarbon is disclosed. According to the process, non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen impurity is 1) pre-heated, 2) mixed with a hydrocarbon, and 3) passed through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce oxygen to very low levels by converting it to a mixture of carbon dioxide and moisture. The reactor effluent stream is optionally treated downstream to produce a nitrogen stream substantially free of moisture and carbon dioxide. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, and 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions are disclosed containing miscible blends of copolymers, one of which is a vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer containing about 5 to 30 weight percent ethylene and the other is a copolymer of either acrylic acid or a maleic anhydride with a comonomer selected from styrene, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate. Windows of miscibility for each of the copolymer blends have been defined and the blends can be advantageously formed by polymerizing the acrylic acid copolymer in the presence of an emulsion of the vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer in such a way that the polymerization takes place in the suspended vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer rather than in the aqueous phase.

Abstract: In an active hydrogen-containing B-side composition for reaction with a polyisocyanate-containing A-side composition to make a polyurethane or polyurethane/urea elastomer by reaction injected molding, the improvement which comprises a mold release composition which is the reaction product of a C.sub.12 -C.sub.36 fatty acid, a tertiary amine having at least one C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkyl substituent and a C.sub.2 -C.sub.21 reactive epoxide.

Abstract: A process is set forth for producing a krypton/xenon enriched stream directly from the main air distillation column in a cryogenic air separation process. A column bypass is suggested in the bottom few trays of the low pressure column in order to concentrate krypton and xenon in the sump while rejecting the majority of methane in the gaseous oxygen product.

Abstract: In an active hydrogen-containing B-side composition for reaction with a polyisocyanate-containing A-side composition to make a polyurethane or polyurethaneurea elastomer by reaction injection molding, the improvement which comprises a mold release composition consisting essentially of (1) the reaction product of a mixture of a carboxylic acid, a tertiary amine, and a reactive epoxide and (2) a carboxy functional siloxane.

Abstract: A process is set forth for producing a krypton/xenon enriched stream from a cryogenic nitrogen generator. Distillation of the oxygen product stream at the top of the low pressure column is suggested in order to concentrate krypton and xenon while rejecting the majority of methane in the oxygen product stream.

Abstract: An active hydrogen-containing B-side composition for reaction with a polyisocyanate-containing A-side composition to make a polyurethane, polyurethaneurea and/or polyurea elastomer by reaction injection molding, which B-side composition comprises an acidic mold release composition, diethyltoluenediamine chain extender and, as a catalyst, a diorganotin dicarboxylate in which the carboxylate contains at least one alpha halogen atom.

Abstract: Oxy-fuel combustion combined with air-fuel combustion to increase productivity of the combustion process and reduce nitrogen oxides in the products of combustion by maintaining fuel rich oxy-fuel combustion while combusting the air-fuel as close as possible at stoichiometric conditions.

Abstract: A process is set forth for the separation of one or more, more permeable components from one or more, less permeable components in a feed stream. The process suggests two membrane separation stages in series wherein the feed is introduced into the low pressure side of the first stage, the permeate stream from the first stage is compressed and introduced into the high pressure side of the second stage and wherein the non-permeate stream from the second stage is recycled to the high pressure side of the first stage.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling a desired chemical dosage to a stream of cellulosic pulp heated by the addition of steam wherein the pulp flow rate is determined indirectly by measuring the pulp temperature after steam addition and calculating the pulp flow rate by heat balance. Changes in pulp flow rate are reflected by changes in pulp temperature at known steam addition rates, and the chemical flow rate is adjusted accordingly to maintain constant chemical dosage. The method is particularly useful in controlling oxygen dosage in oxygen delignification and bleaching processes.

Abstract: The present invention is a separation process for atmospheric gases. In the process, an atmospheric gas stream, for example air, is compressed and may be partly condensed prior to introduction into a vortex tube air separator. The performance of the tube separation can be upgraded, i.e. by improving the concentration and/or purity of the main oxygen stream, by enhancing the separator efficiency of the vortex tube (VT) apparatus. One approach is by selectively refrigerating the cold end of the tube with partial recycle of nitrogen gas waste stream, effecting a rectification section. Another approach is to increase the heat transfer between the outlet gas stream and the liquid film flowing along the curvilinear periphery of the separator means, by mechanical innovations in its configuration.

Abstract: .[.A process is provided for purifying argon gas, especially an argon gas stream obtained by cryogenically separating air, wherein the argon gas is heated and compressed, and then permeated through a solid electrolyte membrane selective to the permeation of oxygen over other components of the gas, and removing oxygen from the argon by selective permeation of oxygen through the membrane. The purified argon can then be distilled to remove other components such as nitrogen..]..Iadd.A process is provided for producing a purified argon stream wherein oxygen and nitrogen are removed from crude bulk argon streams, particularly those produced by cryogenic, adsorptive or membrane separation of air. The process comprises separating a heated, compressed crude argon stream containing nitrogen and oxygen into an oxygen permeate stream and an oxygen-depleted argon stream by passing the compressed heated argon stream through a solid electrolyte membrane selective to the permeation of oxygen.