Abstract: Various embodiments are methods and apparatuses for different steps in separating wafers into multiple wafer die. Some embodiments are adapted for dicing wafers having a front side and a back side, where the front side has processed devices, such as MEMS devices.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards dynamic spectral shaping. Using a grating, the spectral band is spread across a MEMS or other suitable device array. The device may be the deformable grating modulator invented by Bloom et. al. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,311,360) or other suitable device. The invention also includes the coupling in and out of the fiber and may use polarization optics to ensure the grating is used in only one polarization where the diffraction efficiency is higher.

Abstract: A method and structure for isolating a die from thermally induced or pressure induced differential stresses between a die and a package includes providing an intermediate layer having therein a plurality of relief channels arranged to provide a flexure for absorbing such differential stresses. The relief channels define interior and peripheral portions of the intermediate layer, and the die is typically mounted on the interior portion. The peripheral portion of the intermediate layer is then bonded to the package. The channels may be disposed along both the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate layer, or may be disposed on only one surface. Likewise, the channels may be disposed along one or both of the length and width of the upper or lower surfaces. Reservoir channels may also be provided to prevent adhesive from flowing and bridging the relief channels.

Abstract: A technique for glitchless switching among different frequency input clocks in a circuit includes monitoring each of the clocks and determining when the relative phases of the respective clocks are within a predetermined maximum of phase difference. Once the relative phases of the respective clocks are within an acceptable range, the system switches from one clock to another.

Abstract: Partitioned signal processing systems and methods featuring substantial flexibility and cost effective implementations is presented. The architecture of the systems and methods of the present invention can be divided into a plurality of modules having manual and automatic methods. The modules can be implemented by both analog and digital designs, can be designed together or dispersed across a network, and can be dynamically reconfigured via software. These modules include a user interface, an input signal processor, an adaptive compander, a volume control and pre-mixer, an output signal processor, a noise extractor, a transform engine, a statistical analysis engine, and a calibrator/annunciator. The manual methods include methods to establish dynamic range mapping. The automatic methods include methods to establish dynamic range mapping, a method to maintain dynamic range mapping, a method to adjust dynamic range mapping in the presence of noise, and a method for intelligent volume control.

Abstract: An active termination circuit for clamping a signal on a transmission line in an electronic device is described. The active termination circuit is configured to clamp the signal on the transmission line to one of a first reference voltage level and a second reference voltage level. In one embodiment, the active termination circuit includes a bottom clamping transistor coupled to a first potential having a bottom clamping transistor control node arranged for clamping the signal at about a first reference voltage. The active termination circuit also includes a top clamping transistor coupled to a second potential having a top clamping transistor control node arranged for clamping the signal at about a second reference voltage as well as an inverter unit coupling the transmission line to stabilizing capacitors for stabilizing control node voltages.

Abstract: A computer having a modem is programmed with software (also called a “on-hook/off-hook detector”) that detects a change in status (e.g., on-hook or off-hook) of a device (e.g., a telephone having a handset) by measuring a change in the signal power of a signal flowing through a telephone line connecting the modem and the device. In particular, the computer programmed with the on-hook/off-hook detector detects a status of a telephone handset by measuring power of a reference signal and measuring power of an instantaneous signal on the connection and comparing these two measurements. The reference signal is a constant signal whose power does not change. Then, the computer programmed with the on-hook/off-hook detector is able to detect whether there has been a change in status of the telephone handset by comparing the detected status with a previous status of the telephone handset.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring, maintaining and analyzing statistical performance information in a signal processing system includes collecting data representing a plurality of aspects of the signal processing system, developing a histogram representative of the data in accordance with a chosen algorithm, and analyzing historical histogram data to generate condition signals for use by the signal processing system.

Abstract: Various embodiments are disclosed of apparatuses and methods for linearization. A linearized signal can control, for example, a microelectromechanical device, a microelectromechanical device, and/or a device controlling a modulated intensity of electromagnetic energy. Some embodiments include linearization functions such as a logarithm or x/(a+x).

Abstract: An apparatus consisting of a single wire bond silicon sub-mount used to make an LED device which also has built-in ESD protection in the sub-mount. The single wire bond silicon sub-mount uses a pass-through interconnection between the topside of the sub-mount and the underside so that the LED chip mounted thereon is electrically coupled through the sub-mount to the anode.

Abstract: A fiber-optic modulator based on a micromachined grating device which is both polarization independent and achromatic in behavior is described. The device is a two dimensional grating or periodic structure which is symmetric in the X and Y axes. It is comprised of a membrane with holes cut in it that moves downward with the application of a voltage which starts diffracting light. The hole region may have a raised island to provide achromatic behavior.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cross-bar circuit that implements a switch of a broadband processor. In an exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a cross-bar circuit that, in response to partially-decoded instruction information and in response to datapath information, (1) allows any bit from a 2n-bit (e.g. 256-bit) input source word to be switched into any bit position of a 2m-bit (e.g. 128-bit) output destination word and (2) provides the ability to set-to-zero any bit in said 2m-bit output destination word. The cross-bar circuit includes: (1) a switch circuit which includes 2m 2n:1 multiplexor circuits, where each of the 2n:1 multiplexor circuits (a) has a unique n-bit (e.g.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transforming wide angle video into perspective corrected viewing zones which either a single user or multiple users may select, orient and magnify. The present invention first captures a wide angle digital video input by any suitable means. The captured image is then stored in a suitable memory means so portions of the image may be selected at a later time. When a portion of the stored video is selected for viewing, a plurality of discrete viewing vectors in three dimensional space are chosen on the video input and transformed to a plurality of control points in a two dimensional plane or any other suitable surface. The area between these points which is still warped from the original wide angle image capture is then transformed to a perspective corrected field of view. The perspective corrected field of view is then displayed on a suitable displaying apparatus, such as a monitor or head mounted display.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for improving the performance of general purpose processors by expanding at least one source operand to a width greater than the width of either the general purpose register or the data path width. In addition, the present invention provides several classes of instructions which cannot be performed efficiently if the operands are limited to the width and accessible number of general purpose registers. The present invention provides operands which are substantially larger than the data path width of the processor by using a general purpose register to specify a memory address from which at least more than one, but typically several data path widths of data can be read. The present invention also provides for the efficient usage of a multiplier array that is fully used for high precision arithmetic, but is only partly used for other, lower precision operations.

Abstract: A group III-nitride quatenary material system and method is disclosed for use in semiconductor structures, including laser diodes, transistors, and photodetectors, which reduces or eliminates phase separation and provides increased emission efficiency and reliability. In an exemplary embodiment the semiconductor structure includes first GaAINAs layer of a first conduction type formed substantially without phase separation, an GaAINAs active layer substantially without phase separation, and a third GaAINAs layer of an opposite conduction type formed substantially without phase separation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for a low power, high density cell based array structure that permits implementation of designs having compute/drive cell ratios of N:1. The improved performance is provided in part by relocating the substrate and well taps within the compute cell, and in at least some instances by removing the well tap from the drive cell. Further, a extra routing track may be provided by not sharing source/drain areas of adjacent drive cells. Still further, a power mesh may be provided which simplifies routing and improves flexibility.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for a low power, high density cell based array structure that permits implementation of designs having compute/drive cell ratios of N:1. The improved performance is provided in part by relocating the substrate and well taps within the compute cell, and in at least some instances by removing the well tap from the drive cell. Further, an extra routing track may be provided by not sharing source/drain areas of adjacent drive cells.

Abstract: An optical device that can be either permanently or temporarily affixed to a headgear, such as a cap or a visor, is disclosed. The optical device comprises right and left barrels or lens holders, each of which is non-adjustable or if adjustable is joined to a gear assembly. The barrels may be joined separately to the gear assembly in some embodiments. The gear assembly includes a knob for moving the lens for focus adjustments. By using the optical device of the present invention, the user does not have to continuously hold the optical device in close proximity to the eyes to view distant objects or require constant focusing. The optical device may be used for indoor or outdoor events.

Abstract: An electron beam source provides beam focusing by placing magnets under the crucible. The location of the magnets, operating in conjunction with the remaining magnetic and electromagnetic structure, permits varying sizes of crucibles to be used without redesign of the remainder of the electron beam source.

Abstract: A video display terminal capable of operating with a graphical user interface such as Windows.RTM. provides windowing functionality to permit use of popular applications programs resident on a server, without requiring more than application data to be transmitted from the server, and keyboard and mouse information to be transmitted from the terminal to the server. In addition, a method for updating terminal operating characteristics over a communications link from a host is disclosed. Finally, method and apparatus are disclosed for implementing multiple personalities within a terminal and switching among such personalities.