Abstract: A non-volatile source of ketone to flavor tobacco smoke is provided by a .beta.-ketocarboxylic acid ester of a sugar or related compound. The ester is applied to the smoking material and remains in place until the burning coal releases the ketone.

Abstract: In one of its embodiments the present invention provides a smoking composition which contains a novel type of bicyclic acylpyrazine flavorant additive as exemplified by 2-acetyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrocyclohexa[b]pyrazine: ##STR1##

Abstract: This invention provides heterocyclic-hydroxy-substituted carboxylate esters which are useful as flavorant additives for smoking compositions.

Abstract: This invention provides foodstuffs which contain a substituted-heterocyclic compound as a flavorant additive.In one of its embodiments this invention provides food compositions which contain a substituted-pyrazine flavorant additive such as 2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-bis(3,5,6-trimethyl-2-pyrazinyl)butane: ##STR1## .

Abstract: In one of its embodiments this invention provides a smoking composition which contains a novel type of flavorant additive as exemplified by polymerized ethyl 2-propenyl 2-(2-butyl)malonate: ##STR1##

Abstract: A process for selectively denitrating tobacco by electrodialysis to thereby reduce the delivery of various gas phase components, during combustion of tobacco products is disclosed. The process comprises forming an aqueous tobacco extract, separating the extract from the fibrous tobacco portion, selectively denitrating the extract and reapplying the denitrated extract to a fibrous tobacco portion. Denitration of the extract is effected by circulating the extract through those cells of an electrodialysis unit having anion permeable membrane towards both anode and cathode, said extract cells being paired on their anode side with brine cells which have a cation permeable membrane toward the anode. The cell pairs are separated by cells through which an acid is circulated. Smoking products containing tobacco treated in accordance with the invention exhibit reduced delivery of nitrogen oxides during combustion.

Abstract: A practice for moisture measurement wherein a transmission means is utilized in conjunction with a circuit means connected in shunt with the transmission means and adapted to receive a material to be tested such that the driving point impedance of the circuit means is dependent upon the moisture content of the material.