Abstract: The invention relates to methods for assaying exogenous protease activity in a host cell transformed with nucleotide sequences encoding that protease and a specialized substrate. It also relates to methods for assaying endogenous protease activity in a host cell transformed with nucleotide sequences a specialized substrate. When these nucleotide sequences are expressed, the exogenous or endogenous protease cleaves the substrate and releases a polypeptide that is secreted out of the cell, where it can be easily quantitated using standard assays. The methods and transformed host cells of this invention are particularly useful for identifying inhibitors of the exogenous and endogenous proteases. If the protease is a protease from an infectious agent, inhibitors identified by these methods are potential pharmaceutical agents for the treatment or prevention of infection by that agent.

Abstract: Refillable immunoisolatory neurological therapy devices for local and controlled delivery of a biologically active factor to the brain of a patient. The devices include a cell chamber adapted for infusion with nsecretory cells and having at least one semipermeable or permselective surface across which biologically active factors secreted by the cells can be delivered to the brain. The devices also include means for introducing secretory cells into the cell chamber, and means for renewing the cells or cell medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds that can maintain, increase, or restore sensitivity of cells to therapeutic or prophylactic agents. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well-suited for treatment of multi-drug resistant cells, for prevention of the development of multi-drug resistance, and for use in multi-drug resistant cancer therapy.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel class of immunosuppressive compounds having an affinity for the FK-506 binding protein (FKBP). Once bound to this protein, the immunosuppressive compounds inhibit the prolyl peptidyl cis-trans isomerase (rotamase) activity of the FKBP and inhibit T cell activation. As such, the compounds of this invention can be used as immunosuppressive drugs to prevent or significantly reduce graft rejection in bone marrow and organ transplantations and for use in the treatment of a wide variety of autoimmune diseases in humans and other mammals.

Abstract: DNA sequences coding for the DR-.beta.-chain locus of human lymphocyte antigen complex and diagnostic typing processes and products related thereto. DNA sequences that code for the .beta.-chain DR locus are useful in simple and efficient typing processes and products and for expression of polypeptides displaying an immunological or biological activity of the antigens of the HLA-DR .beta.-chains for use in diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel growth hormone-releasing peptides and method for increasing the release of growth hormone levels in mammals, as well as method for increasing milk production in dairy cows and increasing growth rates of animals, such as cattle, sheep, swine, and others. The novel peptides of this invention surprisingly are effective for releasing growth hormone levels in animals by replacing the natural amino acids in positions 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 12, 21 and 27, as well as derivatizing the N-terminal amino acid residue in human pancreatic islet tumor origin growth hormone-releasing factor.

Abstract: Improved vectors and methods for expressing cloned genes of prokaryotic or eukaryotic origin and methods of making such vectors are disclosed, the improved vectors comprising promoters and operators from .lambda. phages and preferably do not include an active cro gene or an active N gene, the vectors having at least one endonuclease recognition site for cloning desired genes less than about 300 base pairs from the promoters and operators and being useful, as are methods utilizing the vectors, in producing a wide variety of prokaryotic, eukaryotic and vital polypeptides, hormones, enzymes, antigens, proteins and amino acids.

Abstract: Improved vectors and methods for expressing cloned genes of prokaryotic or eukaryotic origin and methods of making such vectors are disclosed, the improved vectors comprising promoters and operators from .lambda. phages and preferably do not include an active cro gene or an active N gene, the vectors having at least one endonuclease recognition site for cloning desired genes less than about 300 base pairs from the promoters and operators and being useful, as are methods utilizing the vectors, in producing a wide variety of prokaryotic, eukaryotic and vital polypeptides, hormones, enzymes, antigens, proteins and amino acids.

Abstract: Methods of and compositions for early diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of osteoarthritis using monoclonal antibodies which specifically recognize antigenic determinants on atypical chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycan chains in body tissues and fluids, which determinants are markers of osteoarthritis.

Abstract: This invention relates to 1-amino thioacylbenzimidazoyl-2-one derivatives having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are defined herein. These compounds are useful as thioacylating reagents. This invention also relates to a process for producing cyclic and linear thiopeptides using the thioacylating reagents of this invention. This invention further relates to intermediate anilide compounds, which are produced by reacting an ortho phenylene diamine with an amino acid chain or peptide. This invention also relates to intermediate thioanilide compounds, which are produced by thionating the intermediate anilide compounds. This invention further relates to a process for producing the thioacylating reagents of this invention by cyclizing the intermediate thioanilide compounds.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the treatment and repair of defects or lesions in the cartilage of humans and other animals. The defect or lesion in the cartilage may be first treated with an enzyme to remove proteoglycans from the defect area. To induce cartilage formation, the defect is filled or otherwise dressed with a biodegradable matrix having pores sufficiently large to allow repair cells to populate the matrix. The matrix filling the defect contains a proliferation agent at a concentration sufficient to stimulate proliferation of repair cells and a transforming factor in an appropriate delivery system to release the transforming factor at a concentration sufficient to transform repair cells in the matrix and defect area into cartilage-producing chondrocytes. The matrix may also contain a chemotactic agent to attract repair cells. The entire treatment may be carried out in a single arthroscopic or open surgical procedure.

Abstract: DNA sequences encoding endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion molecules ELAMs, methods for producing such molecules, and ELAMs (including the specific molecules ELAM1 and VLAM1 and 1b) essentially free of normally associated animal proteins are disclosed.DNA sequences encoding molecules involved in leukocyte adhesion (MILAs), methods for producing such molecules and MILAs (including the specific molecule, CDX) essentially free of normally associated animal proteins are also disclosed. Antibody preparations which are reactive for MILAs and also disclosed.Methods for identifying molecules which inhibit binding of leukocytes to endothelial cells, methods for inhibiting leukocyte binding to endothelial cells, and methods for detecting acute inflammation are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to cleaved dimers of Mullerian inhibiting substance-like polypeptides. More particularly, this invention relates to such dimers, methods of producing them and methods of using them in the treatment of cancer and tumors, especially those of the female genital tract. The dimers of this invention are also useful in compositions and methods for contraception.

Abstract: This invention relates to interleukin inhibitors (IL-1 INHs) that selectively inhibit interleukin 1 activity. The invention also relates to processes for purifying such IL-1 INHs from urine and for producing such IL-1 INHs by hosts transformed with recombinant DNA molecules comprising DNA sequences encoding the inhibitors, and to methods of treatment and compositions characterized by such IL-1 INHs. These methods and agents are useful in immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory applications and therapies.

Abstract: A phosphatidylinositol (PI)-linked form of the LFA-3 polypeptide, which binds to CD2 molecules on the surface of T lymphocytes, in provided. Soluble polypeptides derived from the native sequence are also disclosed. DNA sequences, vectors, and transformed unicellular hosts useful for making these polypeptides are provided. Methods for using the LFA-3 polypeptides in therapy an diagnosis are described.

Abstract: Improved emulsions of highly fluorinated organic compounds. The emulsions comprise a highly fluorinated organic compound, an oil, that is not substantially surface active and not significantly water soluble, and a surfactant. They are characterized by a well-defined relationship in the relative amounts of the three components.

Abstract: A method of sorting living cells based on DNA content. Mammalian sperm subpopulations enriched in X- or Y-sperm. X- and Y-enriched sperm-plasma-membrane vesicles. Substantially pure sex-associated membrane (SAM) proteins. Antibodies binding to X-or Y-SAM proteins, essentially free of antibodies binding to Y- or X-SAM proteins respectively, or to the H-Y antigen. Semen samples enriched for X- or Y-sperm. Methods for increasing the probability that offspring will be male or female comprising the step of allowing as penn from an enriched semen sample to fertilize an ovum. Methods for increasing the probability that offspring will be male or female comprising the step of immunizing a female with X- or Y-SAM proteins. Methods of decreasing fertility comprising the step of immunizing a female with both X- and Y-sperm. Methods of increasing the probability that mammalian offspring will carry a gene for a particular sex-chromosome linked trait.

Abstract: Human lipocortins III, IV, V and VI, DNA sequences and recombinant DNA molecules that are characterized in that they code for these human lipocortins. Hosts transformed with these sequences may be employed in the processes of this invention to produce the human lipocortin molecules of this invention. These polypeptides possess anti-inflammatory activity and are useful in the treatment of arthritic, allergic, dermatologic, ophthalmic and collagen diseases.

Abstract: DNA sequences encoding vascular cell adhesion molecules 1 and 1b ("VCAM1" and "VCAM1B"), recombinant DNA molecules comprising those sequences, and unicellular hosts transformed with those recombinant DNA molecules.