Abstract: The diaphragm or equivalent element in an electrolytic cell is disposed on and maintained by a foraminous metallic or other electroconductive support structure which is electrically connected to the cathode in the cell so that both the supported diaphragm or other separator unit structure and the cathode have the same potential thereby at least minimizing and frequently even avoiding bipolar effects during cell operation.

Abstract: A porous electroplatable body is interiorly electroplated and the like by: making an at least substantial initial capacity filling of all or at least a portion of the void spaces in the body with an appropriate electroplating or other deposit-releasing bath solution or other dispersion; effecting subsequent immersion of the bath-replete body in a non-plating or non-depositing electroconductive liquid media; then following these steps by application of plating current to and through the bath containing body whereupon the interior surfaces of the body are plated or coated.

Abstract: A catalytically-active electrode, especially well suited for the electroreduction of oxygen in alkaline media, is comprised at least partially of a substantial proportion of finely comminutated, particulate metallic manganese fabricated in a porous body form of structure so as to retain its essential elemental integrity or character.